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The thermal effect arisen from absorbing inclusions is the main factor which causes the damage of optical materials or component irradiated by the longer pulse duration laser.
The unsteady heat conduction depends markedly on both the thermal properties of inclusions and the parameters of laser.
Results and discussion The temperature field is affected markedly by laser pulse intensity, laser pulse duration and inclusion size.
Furthermore, the upper three factors vary in different situation, so it’s hard to precisely depict the dependence of thermal effect on these factors in a unified expression.
The evolution of temperature in inclusion and dielectric is affected by pulse duration.

The properties of nano-particles are given in Table 1.
The properties of PP fibers are shown in Table 2.
Table 1 Properties of nano-particles Item Diameter (nm) Specific surface area (m2/g) Density (g/cm3) Purity (%) Phase SiO2 10±5 640±50 <0.12 99.9 - TiO2 15 240±50 0.04~0.06 99.7 Anatase Table 2 Properties of PP fibers Item Elongation (%) Titer (D) Diameter (μm) Length (mm) Value 40±3 11±0.5 84~92 15±1 Table 3 Mix proportions of pavement concretes (kg/m3) Mixture No.
The mechanical property of concretes containing PP fibers is improved.
The relationship appears to be liner and the correlation coefficient is close to 1.0, which confirms that the flexural strength is a critical factor affecting the impact property of concrete.

To study the influence of grain boundary segregation processes during CA and subsequent strain aging, extensive experimental research was done, and this work was compared with dynamic analysis to determine the influence of several factors including grain size, segregation temperature and cooling rate.
Because of the temperature (＜400 oC ) of final cooling process was very low, there was not enough kinetic condition for free carbon atoms to precipitate carbides, the main physical process affecting bake hardening property was grain boundary segregation of carbon atoms.
But a great number of carbon atoms segregating to grain boundaries have a big affect on bake hardening property because final cooling was at low temperature (20-400 oC).
In the production process, there are so many influence factors affecting grain sizes, just like chemical composition, finishing temperature, cold rolling reduction ratio, annealing temperature and so on[8].
Microstructure and Properties of Ti and Ti+Nb Ultra-Low-Carbon Bake Hardened Steels.

L25 Orthogonal Array-OA design was selected for 6 factors and 5 levels.
Due to good machinability and mechanical properties viz.
Nano-materials are very fine particles in size of 10 – 100 nm, having high surface area and exhibit good mechanical properties in engineering applications.
Though 4% wt. of Al2O3 confirmed the best nano-fluid mix for the experiment, MoS2 and Graphene are equally good in its properties as regards to heat carrying capacity and lubrication.
Novel uses of alumina/graphene hybrid nanoparticle additives for improved tribological properties of lubricant in turning operation.

In the constructions of multilayer cylindrical shells in heat-and-power engineering the materials, exhibiting rheological properties, such as concrete, polymers or fiber glass are widely used.
In this connection, the study of temperature stresses in polymers, the analysis of the influence of various factors on the processes course under consideration, is of great importance.
Introduction The mechanical properties of polymers depend strictly on temperature [1].
The temperature is most affected by viscoelastic parameters.

Constitutive modeling [3-5] is an effective method to evaluate mechanical characteristic of a material.
The frequently cited constitutive model, which has taken the factors of environmental temperature and density into account, is developed Sherwood and Frost.
Materials and methods The new cushioning material uses polyether polyol and polyisocyanate as matrix and corn straw fiber as reinforcing factor.
Therefore, the proposed static model and dynamic model are able to characterize the cushioning properties of the experiment material, and to offer theoretical guidance to further research.
Wang: Study on the corn stover fiber cushioning package materials and its dynamic properties [D].

The tests discussion shows that stress conditions are the main factors, which affects the creep properties of granular soil.
The creep properties analysis shows the rheological model can describe the granular soil’s whole rheological phase well.
The tests results show that the stress conditions are the main factors to capture the characteristic features of creep behavior in granular materials.
Rheological properties of wet soils and clays under steady and oscillatory stresses, J.
Investigation on triaxial theologicalmechanical properties of green schist specimen II1：model analysis, J.

Table 1, Physical and mechanical properties of LWAs.
Mahmud, Mix design and mechanical properties of oil palm shell lightweight aggregate concrete: a review.
Karakoc et al., The influence of lightweight aggregate on the physico-mechanical properties of concrete exposed to freeze–thaw cycles.
Monteiro, Concrete: microstructure, properties, and materials.
Mahmud et al., A comparison study of the mechanical properties and drying shrinkage of oil palm shell and expanded clay lightweight aggregate concretes.

The preparation technology and production process factors have been discussed in this work.
The swelling process is affected by swelling temperature, swelling time, ratio of modifier to sweller and some other factors.
During the breeding process, the main influence factors are the content and type of stabilizer, breeding temperature and time.
And their basic properties are listed in Table 1.
And their basic properties are listed in Table 2.

The heat treatment method changes the mechanical properties without affecting any changes in the structural and composition of the kenaf fiber [4, 5].
The modifications of kenaf fiber result in the changes of fiber properties such as surface roughness, elasticity, absorptive capacity, chemical composition, and mechanical properties.
RTM method exhibits the higher of mechanical properties than hand lay-up method [7] or compression molding method [8].
Flexural properties of composites.
However after 12.5 hours heating, the crystallinity index and the mechanical properties of kenaf fibers decreased.