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The plasma source arranges two water cooled electrodes as a coaxial torch structure based on capacitance coupling principle.
Fig. 1 A sketch map of the structure and function of the plasma torch Plasma torch is where plasma and reactive radicals generate, so many factors, which will affect the discharge state and plasma characteristics, should be considered in the design and fabrication process[6,7].
R F Process Gas Water-cooled Electrodes RF Power and impedance matching Insulation structure In initial operations, silicon wafers were machined as samples.
Analytical Chemistry Manual (Ⅲ): Spectral Analysis.
Analytical Chemistry Handbook, translated by Chang Wenbao, Science Press, China, 2003

., Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 3001 Heverlee, Belgium a Francesca.Barbagini@imec.be Keywords: AFM, colloidal-probe, particles, low-polar solvents, moisture, electrostatics Introduction Aqueous chemistries have been used for the past 30 years in semiconductor cleaning processes and show, amongst many benefits, good particle removal efficiency.
Water-based chemistries are thus being pushed to their limits and non-aqueous solvents are being investigated as a possible replacement for some specific applications.
The observed repulsion originates from the structuring of solvent molecules in the confined region between the surfaces, and maybe also from a partial adsorption onto the surfaces [4].
Inset: molecular structure of SPAN 20.
In the limiting case of N2 atmosphere, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces exhibit a short-range repulsion, due to structuring of solvent molecules at the interface.

Ocean University of China, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China 2.
However, when pyroysis process is up to fixed carbon burning-out stage, the skeleton and structure of carbon would collapse because of the volatilization of carbon element over 600°C[4].
Table 3 Contents of main elements in oily sludge component Na Mg Al Ca Fe K V Cu mass fraction(％) 2.122 2.208 0.542 4.156 5.610 0.150 0.034 0.083 component Mn Zn Ba C H N S O mass fraction(％) 0.321 0.032 0.156 11.89 0.344 0.607 0.69 11.12 The specific surface area and pore structure of adsorbent material after pyrolysis are measured, and the results are presented in Table 4.
Due to structure and component of oily sludge-based pyrolysis residue, it is appropriate for adsorbent material with about 3% sulfur capacity, which has better capability of adsorptive desulfurization and potential of improvement and could be used for effectively removing SO2 from flue gas.
Vol. 13 (2005), p. 43-45 [7] Xie Guoyong, Liu Zhenyu and Liu Youzhi: Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology.

Depending on the synthesis methods, the NaYF4 exists in two polymorphs under ambient temperature and pressure: the cubic (NaYF4 type, α-NaYF4) structure and the hexagonal (Na(Y1.5Na0.5)F6 type, β-NaYF4) one which offers about an order-of-magnitude enhancement of upconversion efficiency relative to its cubic phase counterpart[4,5,6].
Thus the synthesis and properties optimization of the hexagonal structure NaYF4 have received considerable interest.
TEM micrograph and the corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns of samples synthesized in oleic acid, ethanol and water given in Fig. 2, indicate different morphology and structure of NaYF4.
Bagnall: In Lanthanide/Actinide Chemistry.Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, (1967) 1-12

Study on Microstructures of Polycarboxylate-type Superplasticizers with Different Side Chains Xiongyi Peng1, Conghua Yi2, Qianqian Tang2, Xueqing Qiu*2 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China 2School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China happyyi888@163.com, Keywords: Polycarboxylate-Type Superplasticizer, Aggregate, Microstructure, Self-assembly Abstract.
The molecular structures and molecular images of PCs can be seen in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
Molecular structures of PC with different side chains Experiment measurement.
One is that the association interaction of hydrogen bonding among PC with high ratio of long side chain is stronger than PC with low ratio of long side chain, and another is that molecular structure of PC with high ratio of long side chain is larger than that of PC with low ratio of long side chain.

Study on Performance of Sulfur Modified Asphalt WANG Can1,a, XU Xue-song2, MA Quan-hong1*, CHEN Hong-cui1 1School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; 2Nanjing highway Administration, Nanjing 210046, China aseu351300016@sina.cn, bmqh@seu.edu.cn Keywords: pavement’s performance, environmental performance, four components, compatibility Abstract.
Sulfur and matrix asphalt mixture of the two were the instability of system (ΔG > 0) in thermodynamics, the trend had a tendency to separate between them, but the effectiveness of modifier agent adding special plasticizer and filler can adsorb saturates and aromatics in asphalt which break the colloid balance structure of original asphalt, forming a new balance and modifier of asphalt structure swelling equilibrium.
Because colloid and asphaltene were very stable, figure 5(f) and figure5(h) both appeared peak position closing to position of sulfur modifier, at the same time, it verified that morphology and structure didn’t changed in the process of reaction in Lab.
Russian journal of applied chemistry, 2003, 73(3):491-496 [3] Kennedy T.W,Haas R.C.G,Sulfur-asphalt pavement technology[M].Transportation research record,1980(741):42-49 [4] Gaw W,Reducing H2S-emission from hot cast sulfur-asphalt mixtures[P].US3960585. 1976-06-01 [5] Draper J.D,Method for reducing hydrogen sulfide evolution from asphalt[P].US200902 06003A1.2009-08-20 [6] Yang Xiwu,SEAM-asphalt mixture performance and modification mechanism research[J].

As a micronutrient, sulfur is of important role in the structure, function and metabolic activity of plant cell.
Soil structure is destroyed, soil compaction, physical deterioration, decreased resilience, vegetables and fruits to withstand drought, floods natural disasters weakened.
Remediation technology of soil sulfur pollution Physical chemistry technology and phytoremediation are the important methods for solving heavy metal pollution.
According to the processes and mechanisms of the reactions, physical chemistry technology can be divided into chemical immobilization, soil washing and electrokinetic remediation, while phytoremediation includes phyto-stabilization, phyto-volatilization and phyto-extraction.
Engineering measures are more classic heavy metal soil pollution measures, it has a completely stable advantages, but the implementation of large projects, high investment costs, destroy soil structure, causing decline in soil fertility, and also for soil contamination be swapped out stacking and handling.

Biological tribology and bionics Biological tribology is put forward in the 1970 s , it includes the human body tribology and bionic tribological with mechanical, material, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine and other related disciplines.
Such as lotus leaf mosquito narrow and long but it can easily vampire straws, great adhesion force, can run freely on the walls and ceiling of gecko, have a lot in the same direction on the leg of fuzz and nanoscale grooves of the layered structure of water strider, etc.
Ultra-smooth Put forward the concept of ultra-smooth attracted friction scholars, mechanical academia, physics and chemistry industry researchers' attention.
National Science Fund (NSF) is defined as: nano-manufacturing includes all manufacturing nanoscale (one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional) structure, characteristics, equipment and cross-scale (micro, meso and macro) systematic process, thereby providing practical nanotechnology products and useful services for human.
Tribology is one of the important basic theory of surface engineering, tribology research achievements obtained in the field of surface engineering to promote and enrich the basis of tribology research, from a single component, single to diversification, multiple stratification (superlattice structure), nano, gradient and intelligent direction.

Synthesis and Characterization of Bagasse Xylan Chlorosulfonate from the Chlorosulfonic Acid/Pyridine Method Baoqin Song1,a, Heping Li1,2,b, Jinwei Yuan1,c, Xu Yang1, Guanya Wu1 1College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China 2Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China aemail: 931562291@qq.com, bemail: lhpp2008@163.com, cemail: xfyjw1989@163.com Keywords: Bagasse xylan chlorosulfonate; Synthesis; Characterization; Esterification Abstract.
The breakage and change of xylan structure further prove that the modification of xylan is successful.
Anti-HIV-1 activity and structure–activity-relationship study of a fucosylated glycosaminoglycan from an echinoderm by targeting the conserved CD4 induced epitope[J].
Structure elucidation and immunomodulatory activity in vitro of a xylan from roots of cudrania tricuspidata[J].
Food Chemistry, 2014, 152(1): 291-296

Hu 1 Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871 a qingchen@pku.edu.cn Keywords: KTiNbO, nanowires, nanobelts Abstract.
The structures of the nanowires and the nanobelts were analyzed.
Low magnification SEM images of samples C and D show large quantity nanowire-like structures about several micrometers long.
We noticed that these profiles are very similar to that taken from K2Ti6O13 nanowires [8], indicating the structures might be similar.
The nanowires and the nanobelts are well crystallized, have layered structure with the layer spacing being 0.78nm.