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In undeformed materials GBM which refers to the movement of a gb separating two grains relative to the material that makes up those grains will be driven by grain boundaries energy reduction while in deformed polycrystalline materials GBM will additionally be driven by strain energy (i.e. built up of lattice defects during deformation) reduction.
Since our observations are consistent with those reported for other materials e.g.
NaCl [5], we suggest that they are a common and general occurrence in crystalline materials.
Our observations are consistent with those reported for deformed-then-annealed NaCl [6], we therefore suggest that they are a general occurrence in crystalline materials.
Holness: Journal of Microscopy Vol. 217, (2005), pg. 152

Khan, Materials Science and Engineering 61 (1983) 173 [2] T.M.
Mills, Acta Mater., 48 (2000) 4867 [6] Laura Dirand et al., Advanced Materials Research, 278, (2011) 37 [7] P.
Khan, Materials Science and Engineering 61 (1983) 173 [8] P.
Dirand et al., Materials Characterization 77, (2013) 32 [12] J.P.
Analysis of the Microst. of Materials 68 (2004) 287

China 2 International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), Zhejiang University and Laboratory of New-Structured Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R.
Introduction Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have unique physical, chemical and especially mechanical properties [1], which make them as potential new engineering materials.
However, it is known that the materials’ stability in the environmental conditions is an important property that must be considered before they are used.
Materials Research Society, 23 (2008): 1452-1456
Journal of Applied Physics, 89 (2001):1573-1579

Introduction The achievements of material science such as the new high-tech materials (both homogeneous and heterogeneous) make it possible to increase significantly the strength and stiffness of structures designed.
All existing structural materials contain different inter- and intra-component defects (cracks, delaminations, etc.).
It is equally true for both, homogeneous and heterogeneous materials.
Zozulya Brittle fracture of constructive materials under dynamical loading (Non-classical problems of fracture mechanics, edited by A.N.
Gonzalez-Chi, Weakly singular, singular and hypersingular integrals in elasticity and fracture mechanics, Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, Vol. 22(6), (1999), 763-775

Electrocatalysts was produced from precious metals, non-precious metals, and carbon-based materials [7], [8] Pt is the most widely utilized electrocatalyst based on a precious metal for oxygen reduction reactions because of its high and stable electrocatalytic activity.
Carbon-based materials such as carbon aerogel have high catalyst activity and environmentally friendly [9].
Material and Methods Materials.
Oshitani, “Primary Batteries – Reserve Systems | Seawater Activated Batteries: Magnesium,” in Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering: Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources, J.
Belver, “Review on Activated Carbons by Chemical Activation with FeCl3,” C — Journal of Carbon Research, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 21, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.3390/c6020021

Thin films are fabricated using aluminum with thicknesses 0.5 μm and 1.5 μm on acrylic substrate and 0.5 μm copper film on different types of dielectric materials including PVC and polystyrene.
Cells, A highly efficient and stable CdTe/CdS thin film solar cell, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 58 (1999) 209-218
Rubahn, Effect of deposition rate on structure and surface morphology of thin evaporated Al films on dielectrics and semiconductors, Materials Science 18 (2012) 313-317
Wang, Triboelectric nanogenerator based on fully enclosed rolling spherical structure for harvesting low frequency water wave energy, Advanced Energy Materials 5 (2015) 1501467
Ghadai, A Critical review on triboelectric nanogenerator, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, IOP Publishing, 2018, p. 012186

In previous in vitro studies, we analysed different materials, observing that they can induce genetic effects on cells [4, 13-15].
Discussion Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used as implant materials due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties.
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine.
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids.
The New England journal of medicine.

In [5-7] it has been shown that with decreasing grain size via SPD in various materials - magnesium alloy, pure copper and alloy 718 - one can observed an increase in strength and a decrease in plasticity at room temperature.
Valiakhmetov: Nanostructured Materials 6 (1994), p. 913 [3] V.A.
Sakai: Materials Transactions Vol. 49, No. 1 (2008), p. 69 [7] M.
Markushev: Journal of Materials Science 31 (1996), p. 4997 [16] O.A.
Alexandrov: Nanostructured materials processed by severe plastic deformation.

Most materials have two energies where the dynamic charge balance is obtained; these are typically referred to as E1 and E2.
For most materials E1 is at energies not suitable for SEM operation and also does not present a stable operating condition [16].
Table 1: Composition details of materials used in Monte Carlo simulation PSU Epoxy (TGMDA/MPDA) Density 1.24 g/cm3 Density 1.22 g/cm3 Element Z Atomic Fraction Element Z Atomic Fraction C 6 0.7105 C 6 0.3899 O 8 0.1053 H 1 0.5084 S 16 0.0263 N 7 0.0338 H 1 0.1579 O 8 0.0677 Using these two materials an EDX analysis across a non-diffused interface of the two materials was simulated to determine the effect of the interaction volume on the accuracy of this method in relation to the acceleration voltage.
Coating thickness was approximately 10nm for both materials.
Journal of Materials Science. 1994;29(15):3969-3978

The vibration will cause the body of material fatigue, will increase the probability of the unit appears damaged, and will cause the turbine speed dropped significantly reduce the output power.
The data showed that the vibration will cause the body of material fatigue, will increase the probability of the unit appears damaged, and will cause the turbine speed dropped significantly reduce the output power, Therefore, the wind turbine vibration monitoring of wind turbine operation provide a basis for design reasonable machine, improve efficiency, and to prevent unit damage.
The data showed that the vibration of the vibration will cause the body of material fatigue, will increase the probability of the unit appears damaged, and will cause the turbine speed dropped significantly reduce the output power.
After the data collected by the monitoring system to be able to better help us understand the vibration of the wind turbines, so we can improve the performance of the system quickly. 7 Acknowledgement This research was financially supported by Ji'nan Municipal Science and technology achievement transformation project: 201013054.
Journal of Hefei University of Technology, 2009