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Nowadays, C60 as a kind of conductive polymer semiconductor material, which combines a range of electronic and optical properties with easy processing, are employed in various areas.
It is well known that the high-Tc superconductivity in alkali-doped fullerenes had been discovered in 1991 [2], which had aroused considerable interest in technological and scientific applications of fullerene-based materials in over past decades.
Based on other organic materials like CuPc or ZnPc as donor and fullerene as acceptor, photovoltaic cells depend intimately on electronic and optical properties of C60 thin films.
Acknowledgments This work is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (Grants No 4102014) and PHR (IHLB) References [1] H.
Cheng: Chinese Journal of Semiconductors Vol. 22 (2001), p. 299 (in Chinese)

PVDF piezoelectric films are new, valuable materials for sensing application and have attracted people's attention due to their excellent characteristics (e.g. high piezoelectric coefficient, good flexibility, light weight, easy affixation, wide frequency range, etc.)
Recently, PVDF piezoelectric sensors have been applied in numerous fields[2,3], for instance, structural health monitoring, smart material and structure, various force sensors, etc.
Stresses along longitudinal direction (i.e., z direction) at point 1 and point 2 are obtained as PcbQaPz δ σ −−=1 (1) PcbQaPz δ σ ++=2 (2) where a ,b and c are constants which depend on material properties and geometry size of the rail.
Chen: Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures Vol. 11(2000), p.713-724 [4] Y.
Song: China Association for Science and Technology Vol. 4(2007), p.245-248 PVDF sensor 135m Charge amplifer Data acquisition PC computer

Citation & Copyright (to be inserted by the publisher ) Improvements in the reverse characteristics of 4H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes by hydrogen treatments Dae Hwan Kim 1, Hoon Joo Na 1, Sang Young Jung 1, In Bok Song 1, Myung Yoon Um 1, Ho Keun Song 1, Jae Kyeong Jeong 1, Jae Bin Lee 2 and Hyeong Joon Kim 1 1 School of Materials Science & Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Sangshin elecom Co.
Introduction Superior material properties make silicon carbide (SiC) a very promising candidate for high-power and high frequency devices [1].
(a) Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 3 In the case of C2 =0, where the Dit is ∞, the Fermi level at the interface is pinned by the surface state at the value φo above the valence band.
Sochacki et al: Diamond and Related Materials, Vol.11 (2002), p. 1263 [9] Q.

Cutting forces of every element at flank edge can be expressed as[9]: (1) Where is the shear yield strength of cutting material; is the instantaneous uncut chip thickness; slant angle of cutting speed is denoted as ; is the angle between x-axis and projection of F vector at normal plane; is the angle between F vector and the normal plane; is the angle between shear velocity and vector normal to cutting edge at normal plane; is the angle between xy plane and F vector.
Material model behavior is defined according to specific parameters as follows, carbide material, density: 14.8e-6kg/mm3, Young modulus: 600Gpa, Poisson ratio: 0.33.
Acknowledgements This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 50975053 and 51175096).
[3] M.Cemal CAKIR,Yahya ISIK: Finite element analysis of cutting tools prior to fracture in hard turning operations[J].Materials & Design, Vol. 26(2005), p.105-112
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, Vol. 57(2011), p.859-870

In the Tenth Five-Year Period, the coal grew 80.0% in Yangtze River, metallic ore 139.2%, ore construction material 88.9%, cement 183.5%, nonmetallic ore 73.8% and so on.
Wuhan Shanghai iron ore：516 Huangshi Chizhou Nantong Coal：161 Coal：65 Tongling Nonmetallic ore：155 Ore construction material：391 Wuhu Ore construction material：434 Anqin Ore construction material：203 Figure1 Typical ship rout cargo flow of this leg in 2010 Figure 1 shows the typical ship rout cargo flow of this leg in 2010.The ship types are in table 1: Table1 Ship types Method choice Type of ships Cargo capacity B.H.P 1 4000powerboat 4000 880 2 5000powerboat 5000 1324 3 6000 powerboat 5350~6300 1324 4 7000 powerboat 7000 1600 5 （1942kw+9*1500t）push boat team 135000 1942 6 （1942kw+6*3000t）push boat team 18000 1942 7 （1942kw+9*2000t）push boat team 18000 1942 8 （1942kw+16*1000t）push boat team 16000 1942 Find out the corresponding factors that affect the level of evaluation objects through the systematic analysis on evaluation objects.
Then, sort them on the basis of referring to related material and experts’ opinions.
China Railway Science.2006.03
Journal of Liaodong University. 2006.02

Coupled Heat Transfer Analysis of Interlayer Active Cooling Barrel of Large Caliber Gun Based on CFX PENG Songjiang1, a, WANG Xiaohui2,b and YU Cungui3,c 1No. 713 Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Zhengzhou 450015, Henan, China 2The 702 Research Institute, CSIC, Wuxi 214082, Jiangsu, China 3Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu, China appssjj713@tom.com, bkingofmiaomiao@126.com, cyu_cungui@sina.com Keywords: Large caliber rapid-fire naval gun, Coupled heat transfer, Active cooling, interlayer cooling Abstract.
Naval Gun barrel computational domain; The barrel material parameters are density ,specific heat and thermal conductivity which is functions of temperature .
The inner chamber gas is assumed as an ideal mixture, such that the thermodynamic and transferring properties of the mixture can be calculated from the weighted average of mass fractions of the constituent materials[3].
Then the thermodynamic and transferring properties of the inner chamber gas can be determined by the weighted average of mass fractions of the constituent materials.
Journal of Gun Launch & Control, 2008(1), p.65-68

Improvement of LEACH Based on Wireless Communication Model and Ant Colony Algorithm Wangsheng Fang1, a, Zhen Liu1,b 1Faculty of Information Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China afangwangsheng@163.com , bsdnuliuzhen@163.com Keywords: Wireless sensor network; LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy); Formula of clustering cost; Pheromone Abstract: Cluster structure is irrational and communication between cluster-head and sink node is single-hop in LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) for wireless sensor network.
Other ants can sense the consistency of this material and move to the place where the consistency is highest.
Montana: IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society. p.1125-1130(2002) [2] Huazhong Zhang, Zhijie Liu, et al:Researchment on LEACH communication protoclo.Journal of Computer.
Vol.34(13), p.174-177(2008) [7] Bo Shen, Shiyong Zhang, et al:Clustering routing protocol on wireless sensor network.Journal of Software.

Construction Site Measurement Since there are differences in material deterioration after tunover such as steel pipe and fastener, management level and technical level, the measurement were conduct in three different construction sites.
Acknowledgements The research reported in the paper was supported by the Development and Reform Commission's Technology project of Fujian Province ([2007]877) and the Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province 2007J0142(E0710001).
China civil Engineering journal. 2009, 42(3):67-71
Journal of zhejian G University of technology. 2007, 35(1):78-81.

The quality of the component of the control system is changing in different mode in the long storage time, because of the difference of structure, material, and the environment.
Vol. 19(2005) of Journal of Changsha University, P. 19 [4] Liu Hui, Zhou Zhiying: Malfunction diagnosis of diesel engine based on dynamic fuzzy diagnosis matrix［J］, Vol. 26(2007) of Coal Technology, P. 114 [5] Peng Fei, Wang Xuezhi, Liu Jianjun: Study on fault diagnosis of equipment hydraulic system based on fuzzy theory, Vol. 2009(2009) of Machinery Design ＆ Manufacture, P. 102 [6] Li Haicheng: Simulation-based fuzzy approach to transformer fault diagnosis, Vol. 14(1007) of Journal of Liaodong University(Natural Sciences), P. 94

The increasing of real estate investments will lead to rising prices of raw material for construction and service for buyers.
Chinese soil science. 2009(23) [6] Su Yu, Wan Yuyan.
Finance treatise. 2010(2) [7] Alchian , A. and Klein , B. , On a Correct Measure of Inflation [J ] , Journal of Money , Credit and Banking .1973 , 5 (1) [8] Myer, Chaudhry, and Webb,Stationarity and Cointegration in Systems with Real Estate and FinancialAssets,The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics.1999, 18 (3) [9] Ludwig Alexander, Slok Torsten.