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Amongst other works, his projects integrating kinetic structures e.g. include 'Ernsting Warehouse and Distribution Centre' (1985) and the 'Planetarium of the Valencia Science Centre' (1991).
This principle allows the reduction of input energy activating spring-back effects through bend-stiffening of the material.
The co-produced cavities for functional integrations of structural and sandwich materials, piping, smart sensing/wiring and mechanically responsive components are chances for the production of multivalent building envelopes.
Furthermore, activation of such smart elements may be optimized through additional introduction of ducts, cuttings, perforations and layering developing composite material characteristics.
Müller: Formation of ultrafine-grained microstructure in HSLA steel profiles by linear flow splitting, in: Journal of Material Sciences 43, (2008) pp. 7307-7312 [13] C.

This approach, however, requires sound modeling techniques, analysis tools, engineering judgement and adequate material models for the explosive, casing and shield materials.
Table 3 Ignition and Growth Model Input for H-6 Explosive in LS-DYNA Col. 1 - 5 Col. 6 - 11 Col. 11 - 20 Col. 21 - 25 Card 1 Material No. 10 1.76 7 Card 2 Cast H-6 Elastic-Plastic Material Col. 1 - 10 Col. 11 - 20 Col. 21 - 30 Col. 31 - 40 Card 3 0.0423 0.002 0.0 -0.01 Card 4 - 8 Blank Card 9 H-6 Reactive Flow Parameters Col. 1 - 10 Col. 11 - 20 Col. 21 - 30 Col. 31 - 40 Col. 41 - 50 Col. 51 - 60 Card 10 7.5807 0.08513 4.9 1.0 0.667 Card 11 2.0E-6 152.7 -0.0517 2.8805E-5 9.5 Card 12 0.95 0.02 4.0E+8 6.0 1.0 Card 13 0.667 0.667 1.0E-5 2.9513E-5 7.0 Card 14 0.0 0.103 298.0 Card 15 5500.0 1.0 0.333 3.0 0.5 0.0 1 10 100 1 10 Shock Pressure - GPa Run Distance to Detonation - mm M easured Wedge Test Results Ignition and Growth Calculated Results The various parameters in equation (3) are evaluated by calculating all of the existing experimental data for the explosive and adjusting parameters to get the optimum overall agreement
Erickson; Journal of Energetic Materials, 1, 213, 1983. 4.
Straub edited, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., 1984, p. 609. 5.
Straub edited, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., 1984, p. 593. 6.

Electrical Transport Properties of Perovskite La0.7Sr0.2Ba0.1Mn1-xNixO3 ( x = 0 and 0.1) Manganite Dicky Rezky Munazat1,a, Budhy Kurniawan1,b*, and Agung Imaduddin2,c 1Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia 2Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Gedung 470, Puspiptek, South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia adicky.rezky@sci.ui.ac.id, b*bkuru@fisika.ui.ac.id, cagun001@lipi.go.id Keywords: Transport Properties, Metal-Insulator Transition, Nickel Substitution, Percolation model Abstract.
Altering the Mn3+/Mn4+ ratio will affect the FM coupling which in turn affects the electrical conductivity of these types of materials [2].
La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 is one of the candidates for a good CMR material.
As stated by Feng et al., nickel substitution in La0.7Sr0.3Mn1-xNixO3 material decrease the metal-insulator transitions temperature and increases the overall resistivity [11].
Khan,Electrical resistivity behavior of sodium substituted manganites: electron-phonon, electron-electron, and electron-magnon interactions, The European Physical Journal B 76 (2010) 327–338

Materials and Methods Synthesis of VACNTs by CVD Process.
Acknowledgment The project is financed by Tokyo Government and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST).
Wong, “Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes on Copper Substrates for Applications as Thermal Interface Materials: from Synthesis to Assembly”, Electronic Components and Technology Conference, 2009, ISSN: 978-1-4244-4476-2/09 [5] H.
Iijima, “Support materials based on converted aluminium films for chemical vapor deposition growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes”, Chem.
Journal, ID: 15-00567, doi.org/10.1299/mej.15-00567 [8] Y.

Enhanced Performance of the Non-Polar Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes with Lattice-Matched Quaternary Quantum Barriers Qian Dai1,a,*, Xiong Zhang2,b, Zili Wu2,c and Xianghua Zeng3,d 1School of Network and Communication Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 3College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China adaiqian@jit.edu.cn, bxzhang62@aliyun.com, c230189117@seu.edu.cn, dxhzeng@yzu.edu.cn Keywords: non-polar AlGaN-based UV-LED, AlInGaN quaternary barriers, lattice match, internal quantum efficiency Abstract.
In recent years, although many studies have been reported on the growth and characterization of the non-polar AlGaN materials [6, 7], the non-polar AlGaN epi-layers grown on sapphire substrates still suffer from a high density of threading dislocations (TDs) and basal stacking faults (BSFs) owing to the large lattice mismatch between AlGaN epi-layer and the sapphire substrate [8, 9].
is the band gap energy at 0 K. α and β are related constants for the semiconductor material.
Considering the anisotropy of the non-polar material, the strain between the quantum wells and barriers along the (1-100) m-direction and the (0001) c-direction could be respectively defined as:
Chen, et al.: Journal of Electro.

Point Sources Pollution of Nutrient Situation and Prediction of Gan River Basin Ming Li1,a, Chunhua Hu1,2,b,*, Man Zhao1, Shuanglei Huang1, Pei Zhang1, c 1Key Lab of Lake Ecology and Bio-resource Utilization of Poyang Lake, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Nanchang, China 2Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Water Sciences, Jiangxi Nanchang, China amingli10716@163.com, b,*corresponding author: chhu@ncu.edu.cn, chcogyh@163.com Keywords: Nutrient of nitrogen and phosphorus; Point source pollution; Gan River; Prediction Abstract.
Materials and Methods Distribution and data sources After a comprehensive survey, subranges are determined accord to the distribution of point source pollution, local economy and population.
Acknowledges The author would like to thank supports of Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (2008zx07526-008-03), the International Science and Technological Cooperation Projects of China (2006DFB91920), the National 11th Five-Year Technology Based Plan Top of China (2007BAB23CO2), National Natural Science Foundation of China (40672159;41040032) and China Economic Reform Implementation Project (TCC5) (jxspyhzxh09-03).
Jiezhong Guo: Journal of Southwest Forestry College Vol.28, No. 4, 91-94, 2008 (In Chinese) [14] Shuyin Wang: Henan Fisheries, 28-29, 2005 (In Chinese) [15] Weijin Yan: Geographical Research Vol.25, No. 5, 825-835, 2006 (In Chinese) [16] G.V.
Liu, Jared Diamond: Nature Vol.435, 1179-1186, 2005 [19] Ganghua Peng and Hengyun Wu: Jiangxi Hydraulic Science & technology Vol. 27, No. 4, 250-252, 2001 (In Chinese) [20] Information on http:// www.hydroinfo.gov.cn [21] Information on http:// www.civ.gov.cn

Material and methods Raw material.
South China Sea Fisheries Science.
[2] Linli Cheng, Laihao Li,Haixia Ma.Research progress on preservation ofTilapia.Science and Technology of Food Industry.Vol.11(2013) P.372-375.
Science and Technology of Food Industry.Vol.33(2012)P. 343-347+351.
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 5(2009)P.692-701.

High Efficiency Cooling and Heating Channels for Injection Moulding FREITAS Paulo1,2,a, SANTOS Cyril1,3,b, CARREIRA Pedro1,3,c and MATEUS Artur1,2,d 1CDRsp – Centre for rapid and sustainable product development, Rua de Portugal – Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal 2ESTG – Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Campus 2 – Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apt 4163, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal 3CEMMPRE – Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, Paço das Escolas, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal apaulo.freitas@ipleiria.pt, bcyril.santos@ipleiria.pt, cpedro.s.carreira@ipleiria.pt, dartur.mateus@ipleiria.pt Keywords: Mould conformal cooling, Channel fins; High aspect ratio; Topological optimization; Mould design methodology.
If the cooling achieved is sufficiently fast the crystallographic growth of the material can be manipulated to obtain specific properties observable in the mesoscale.
This early crystallization dictates the growth orientation of the spherulites which isn’t always favorable [5, 6], because engineers often project a part envisioning an orthotropic behavior from the material or design with a higher safety coefficient, this makes for either unpredictable or heavier parts.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the following project: UID/Multi/04044/2013 and PAMI - ROTEIRO/0328/2013 (Nº 022158).
Nishiwaki, "A topology optimization method for a coupled thermal–fluid problem using level set boundary expressions," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 81, pp. 878-888, 2015

Alloy Design and Practice of High Carbon Alloy Steels with Ultra-fine Carbide Yongqing Ma 1, a, Yang Zhang 2,b, Yumei Dai 3,c 1 Department of Materials Science,Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning116026, China 2 ZhouShan PuTuo Marine Hi-Tech Zone,ZhouShan, Zhejiang 316000, China 3 College of Science, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China amyq_dlmu@163.com, bsyzhang@newmail.dlmu.edu.cn, cdaiyumei66@126.com Keywords: High carbon alloy steel; Ultra-fine caebide; Alloy design; Microstructure; Properties; Phase-equilibrium thermodynamics; Calculation at atomic scale Abstract.
The yield strength of a steel is correlative to cohesive energy owing to direct ratio of the elasticity module and cohesive energy of material, and then the mechanical properties of the steels are guesstimated[6].
Transactions of materials and heat treatment Vol. 25 n.5 (2004), p.117-121 [2] Ma Yong-qing, Zhang Yang, Dai Yumei, Application of phase equilibrium thermodynamic method in alloy design for high carbon alloy steel with ultra fine carbides[J].
[5] Dai Yumei, Wang Xun, Dai Yujie, Ma Yongqing The theoretical calculation of the contents of Si and Ni in multi-composition alloy steel[J], Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience.

The material used for two test specimens including beams, columns, continuity flange stiffeners, was in accordance with Q235 steel.
Finite element analysis Establishment of finite element model and material parameters.
The stress-strain relation curve of steel is decided by actual testing result of materials.
Other material parameters are listed as following: the elastic modulus of steel is 1.9793×105Mpa, and the Poisson’s ratio of steel is 0.27.
International Journal of Solids and Structures [J], V41,(18-19) 2004,pp: 5003-5022.