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Optimal Proportional Reinsurance Strategy Using Dynamic Programming El Attar Abderrahim1,a* and EL Hachloufi Mostafa2,b 1&2University Hassan II, Department of Statistics and Mathematics Applied to Economics and Management, Faculty of Juridical Sciences, Economic and Social-Ain Sebaa, Morocco aestimabd@hotmail.com, belhachloufi@yahoo.fr Keywords: Optimal control; Dynamic programming; Reinsurance; Insurance; Hamilton Jacobi Bellman.
References [1] Abderrahim El Attar, Mostafa Elhachloufi et Z.
[2] Abderrahim El Attar, Mostafa Elhachloufi et Z.
[18] Karatzas & al (1991), Martingale and duality methods for utility maximization in in complete markets, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 29, 702-730

Al/CFRP members were manufactured by wrapping CFRP prepreg sheets outside the aluminum members in the autoclave.
The total absorbed energy (EL) is given as below Eq. (2).
And those of Al/CFRP circular and square members whose fiber orientation angle of CFRP is 15˚ were 4.82m/sec.
While in 90˚/0˚ Al/CFRP member, outer 90˚ fibers are broken by shear stress.
Thus 90˚/0˚ Al/CFRP member with (a) [+152/-152]S (b) [+452/-452]S (c) [+902/-902]S (d) [02/902]S (e) [902/02]S Fig. 1 Typical collapse modes of Al/CFRP circular members.

Synthesis of LAuNRs The LAuNRs were synthesized by using a modified seeded growth method described by Murphy et al. recently [31].
Results and discussion Since the seminal reports by Wang et al. [34], Murphy et al. [35], and El-Sayed et al. [36], seeded growth of AuNRs in the presence of cationic surfactant CTAB has been continuously optimized and become the most prevalent growth method for AuNRs.
El-Sayed, W.
El-Sayed, H.
El-Sayed, M.A.

El Dasher, Anthony D.
Measurements of the grain boundary plane distribution in TiO2 and Al polycrystals yield similar results [12].
El Dasher, B.L.
El-Dasher, T.
El Dasher, Y.

According to the analysis by Stejskal et al [17] on the impact of the conditions of an experiment on the size and shape of PANI particle dispersion stabilizing by a number of hydrophilic polymers.
The same results were obtained by Butterworth et al [24] with a polyaniline prepared by in situ with an ultrafine silica.
Al-Daghman, “Optoelectronic Properties of Conducting Polyaniline (PANi-ES/HCl),” Int.
El-Shazly, and M.
El-Kady, “Nanofiber Polyaniline and Polyaniline-Clay Nanocomposite Prepared via Sonochemical and Sol-Gel Techniques,” Mater.

Then, the elastoplastic time-history dynamic analysis is carried on with the story shear model by the finite element method, and the ground motion of El Centro waves are adopted as earthquake input motion.
The El Centro wave (1940, S-N) is used as the input motion, and the peak ground accelerations (PGAs) are adjusted to 110gal, 220gal, 392gal, 620gal.
The interstory drift angle limits of the yielding, ultimate and final failure state are 1/950-1/800, 1/400-1/350 and 1/300-1/250, respectively; which is based on the statistic analysis of the test results by Xia et al (Xia, 1987&1988).
S., et al, "Experimental Study on the seismic performance of masonry building model with tie-column and reinforcement", Report of Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, 1987 [4] Xia J.

Applying this method, Ti2AlN powder could be obtained by the SHS reaction between Ti, Al and N2.
Titanium (Strem Chemicals, <45um, 99% purity), aluminum (Strem Chemicals, <45um, 99.8% purity), and titanium aluminum intermetallic compound Ti3Al powders were used as the starting materials. 37 wt.% Ti3Al was used as additive in Ti and Al metal powders, with the mole ratio of Ti:Al=2:1.
El-Raghy, Scr.
El-Raghy, S.
Zhang, et al: J.

Gepreel1,c 1Materials Science and Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt. 2Nanoscience Department, Institute of Basic and Applied Science, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt. 3Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
Fan et al [9], in 2015 also conducted a reseach about aluminum as an anode for Al-air battery.
Significant portions of the As-cast microstructure display an irregular pattern of α-Al and Al2Cu.
As stated by Ran et al. [5], the white lamella lines represent α-Al, while the black lamella lines represent Al2Cu.
Lu, The effect of grain size on aluminum anodes for Al–air batteries in alkaline electrolytes.

The upstream face of dam is vertical above El. 295.0m, and below El. 295.0m is sloping with gradient 1:0.2.
The design earthquake condition when the reservoir is in normal water level is analyzed for this dam section, under which the upstream water level is EL.352.00m and the corresponding downstream water level is EL.330.08m.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51179062) References [1] Tengjiao Zhang, Zhenzhong Shen, Liang Liang, et al.
(In Chinese) [2] Zhenzhong Shen, Yan Wang, Jin Jia, et al.
(In Chinese) [7] Lei Gan, Zhenzhong Shen, Chunhai Ling, et al.

For example, Al-Ta binary system shows a remarkable gap difference between the melting points of Al (933 K) and Ta (3293 K).
Materials and Methods The powder mixtures for milling were Fe–28 wt. % Al; Fe–26 wt. % Al–2 wt. % Sn and Fe–26 wt. % Al–2 wt. % V.
The bcc Fe (Al) solid solution is formed [10, 17].
This suggests that a Fe (Al,Sn) solid solution is formed by replacement of the separate Fe, Al and Sn phases.
Sherif El-Eskandarany, in Mechanical Alloying, Kinetic processes and mechanisms of mechanical alloying (2001) [6] M.