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Online since: March 2006
Authors: Gi Sung Park, Deok Hyun Lee, Myung Sik Choi, Do Haeng Hur, Jung Ho Han, Seon Jin Kim, Gyung Guk Kim, Seung Dae Noh
Thus research on the sliding wear behavior and extensive library of the sliding wear data are crucially needed.
In addition, one of the reasons for the decrease of the wear rate is the reduction of contact stress caused by the increased contact area.
However, as stated in the previous studies [6, 7], the contact area of the present specimens did not increase further due to the reduction of wear rate caused by the formation of glaze layers with sliding distance.
In other words, the reduction of contact stress had significant effects on the decrease of wear rate only at the beginning of sliding wear.
Even though it is difficult to pinpoint which is the main mechanism for the parabolic wear behavior at the present time, it is likely that both the formation of glaze layers and the reduction of contact stress contributed the parabolic wear behavior in 300 ℃ water environment.
Online since: December 2023
Authors: Masato Ueda, Masahiko Ikeda, Yusuke Yamanishi
In Japan, Suzuki et al.[5] developed a direct reduction process of TiO2 of oxide material using electrochemical methods and Okabe et al.[6] developed a method for reducing chloride feedstock (TiCl4) using the metal thermal reduction process.
In this paper we are focusing on alloy design in order to decrease the cost of beta type titanium alloys as a method of cost reduction for titanium alloys products.
At present, the available data suggests that the Ti-3.84Mn-1.24Fe-3.00Al alloy is an alternative to Ti-10-2-3 alloy. 4.
Farthing: Direct electrochemical reduction of titanium dioxide to titanium in molten calcium chloride, Nature, 407 (2000) 361-364
Kikuchi: Chapter 12 - OS process: Calciothermic reduction of TiO2 via CaO electrolysis in molten CaCl2, Extractive Metallurgy of Titanium Conventional and Recent Advances in Extraction and Production of Titanium Metal, ed. by Z.Z.Fang, F.H.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Ming Xia Jing
This paper predicted HuangShui River carrying capacity level of environmental resources at the end of the "twelfth five-year" period and even longer, based on the economic and social development in the base year 2011 data, to provide reference for the development of various government related department reference.
In order to predict the total discharge of major industrial and domestic sewage pollutants at the end of the "twelfth five-year" plan period to ensure the pollutants discharge to meet the water quality standard and to provide the decision-making basis for the government, this study analysis the present situation of water environment quality in HuangShui River basin according to official data, water quality monitoring data and the social and economic development.
For after 17 monitoring sections HuangShui River and a tributary of the years of monitoring data set analysis results : In recent years, the overall water quality is getting better HuangShui River , local pollution is still serious. 2006-2010 , the overall water quality changes HuangShui trend of light pollution→severe pollution→ moderately polluted →moderately polluted → light pollution.
According to experience, come to the following formula: (2.4) This formula expresses the 2010 industrial added value increment low COD emission industries , basic and GDP growth in 2010 is estimated to increase the value of the incremental adoption of low COD emissions in 2009 and 2009 the industrial sector GDP increment of data .
Agricultural sources of livestock and poultry breeding water pollutant emissions continue to use data in 2010. 2.2.3 Rambling paragraph HuangShui total segment HuangShui Xining and Haidong segment HuangShui major water pollutant prediction to Haibei , Xining , Haidong Prefecture based on census data sources , taking into account the realization of " three-wide " basis Haibei , Xining , Haidong Prefecture population and economic development of the situation and " eastern Qinghai cities Development Master Plan" and other related content , predicted results are shown in Table 2.2.
Online since: March 2010
Authors: Wen Bo Han, Xing Hong Zhang, Bao Xia Ma
Examination of SEM showed that the microstructure of the composites consisted of the equiaxed ZrB2, ZrC and SiC grains, and there was a slight tendency of reduction for grain size in ZrC with increasing ZrB2 content.
It can be seen that there is a slight tendency of reduction for grain size in ZrC with increasing ZrB2 contents.
The fracture toughness data are compared to the best results of the ZrC-ZrB2-SiC composites with the similar composition reported previously and prepared by SPS methods[11] and the ZrC-ZrO2 system [13], although the fracture toughness values show little variation with increasing ZrB2 contents and are statistically identical to each other, considering the standard deviation of the data.
Based on previous studies [7,19], the more tortuous crack path is a qualitative indication that more energy was absorbed during crack propagation and a reduction of crack driving force, which led to the higher measured toughness value.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Fusahito Yoshida, Hiroshi Hamasaki, Ryutaro Hino, Komgrit Lawanwong
To investigate the mechanism of the reduction of springback in the above three-step U-bending process, FE simulation of the bending with PAM-STAMP 2G was also conducted where the advanced kinematic hardening Yoshida-Uemori model was employed.
To investigate the mechanism of the reduction of springback in the above this process, FE simulation of the bending with PAM-STAMP 2G was also conducted where the advanced kinematic hardening Yoshida-Uemori model [7-9] was employed.
Material models To investigate the mechanism of springback reduction in this process, numerical simulation was conducted with PAM STAMP V.2011, where a 1/4 model was used.
Figure 4 shows the comparison of the calculated results of springback angles of 780G sheet with the corresponding experimental data for the present three-step U-bending process for various combinations of the clamping forces F1 and the bottom pushing-up forces F2.
Springback angle [Degree] Experiment Y-U model IH model F2 = 0 F2 = 3kN F2 = 5kN F2 = 10kN F2 = 20kN Fig. 4 Comparison of the springback angles calculated by Y-U model and the IH model for 780G sheet with the corresponding experimental data in the three-step U-bending process for various bottom pushing-up forces F2 under a constant clamping force F1 = 1.5kN.
Online since: December 2024
Authors: Naphat Albutt, Panakamon Thonglor, Tanayt Sinprachim, Somchai Sonsupup
In addition, the electrochemical reduction of flawed graphene sheets has greatly limited the oxygen groups, making the material more conductive or enhancing signal.
Furthermore, we attributed the EIS mode to a reduction in the charge transfer resistance, which was caused by the application of a susceptible pre-treatment on the electrode surface.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of AuSCPE, MNPs and MNP_BSA (a), (b) linear fitting data, and (c) Randles circuit model.
The data recorded by the oxidation current peaks to a linear model using the equation I = 0.6965x+9.925, with R2 = 0.8712, can be found in Fig. 3(b).
The current peak results were 12.592 µA, 8.737 µA, and 7.346 µA for AuSCPE, MNPs, and MNP_BSA, respectively, indicating that the data decreased continuously as shown in Fig. 4 (b).
Online since: November 2020
Authors: Karna Wijaya, Akhmad Syoufian, Mohamad Mirzan
To create nano Ni/ZrO2-bentonite catalyst, ZrO2 pillared bentonite was impregnated using Ni(NO3)2•6H2O precursor first, then followed by calcination and reduction.
Calcination stage subsequently ensued with N2 gas flow at 500 °C and reduction with H2 gas flow at 400 °C to obtain nano Ni/ZrO2-bentonite-3 catalyst.
This data denotes an increase in the number of acid sites after impregnation with nickel.
Based upon the pore size distribution data of bentonite and nano ZrO2-bentonite the materials obtained mesoporous pore size.
Similar phenomenon was also shown in the observation of specific surface area which increased significantly after the bentonite pillarization stage as shown by the BET data [9,17].
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Ioan Tenu, Radu Rosca, Petru Cârlescu, Ionuţ Dumitru Veleşcu
The continuous monitoring of the working parameters is performed by the means of a specialized industrial computer, which allows the data aquision and transfer to a PC.
The experimental data are recorded and can be transferred to a PC for further analysis and interpretation.
As far as plums are concerned, it was concluded that the reduction of the product humidity depends on the temperature and speed of the drying agent.
The analysis of the experimental data led to the following conclusions: · the dehydration process is affected by the temperature and speed of the drying agent; · increasing the temperature of the drying agent from 65 to 80 oC resulted in an accelerated evaporation of the product water; Table 1 Results regarding the dehydration process for plums and apricots Temperature of the drying agent o [C] Dehydration time [h] Product humidity [%] Plums Apricots Speed of the drying agent [m/s] Speed of the drying agent [m/s] 1.5 2,0 2,5 1.5 2,0 2,5 65 1 79,86 79,10 78.51 81,30 80.85 80,05 2 69,80 67,41 66,51 78,50 75,60 75,60 3 61,71 56,81 53,86 70,20 55,62 55,60 4 53,73 49,12 45,81 58,60 40,21 40,21 5 49,62 57,10 36,34 43,81 34,51 34,51 6 37,81 32,00 26,65 37,91 29,62 29,62 7 29,12 25,72 23,85 31,32 24,81 23,80 8 26,35 22,31 21,96 26,71 23,22 22,52 9 22,40 21,06 20,72 23,60 21,23 20,85 70 1 79,61 78,50 78.10 80,91 79,21 79,65 2 68,50 66,50 65.72 77,80
74,60 73,72 3 60,61 55,82 52.96 69,65 54,12 50,60 4 51,75 46,20 43.09 52,70 38,16 36,51 5 47,61 36,12 35.44 41,76 32,70 27,63 6 31,52 28,56 28.23 34,72 23,65 22,01 7 27,56 23.35 22.91 29,91 21,86 21,00 8 23,42 20,60 19,62 24,85 20,63 19,85 9 21,5 19,61 17.50 22,01 19,23 17,90 80 1 78.50 78,25 77,32 80,10 79,10 78,62 2 66.01 65,24 62,75 75,29 72,60 71,60 3 54.79 54,04 51,42 63,68 49,48 46,53 4 46.17 45,27 42,85 50,70 35,47 32,65 5 37.12 34,15 31,20 39,71 28,60 25,42 6 28,90 27,50 24,50 32,81 22,40 21,62 7 24,36 22,20 21,60 28,60 21,22 19,53 8 22,10 19,90 18.80 23,20 20,32 18,71 9 19.60 17,76 16,86 20,50 18,23 16,95 · the same effect was recorded when air speed was increased from 1.5 to 2.5 m/s; · the rate of humidity reduction is uneven, the highest quantity of water evaporating in the first 2-6 hours; · the dehydration process of plums and apricots takes place in the most favorable conditions when air temperature is comprised between 65 and 70 oC and when air speed
Online since: March 2016
Authors: Huan Chun Wu, Ming Xian Zhang, Sheng Long Wang, Bin Yang
However, the data of the 316LN ASS have been not included.
Sources of the data.
The load-displacement data were recorded automatically by the computer control system of the thermal simulator.
After calculating, the true stress-strain data under different test conditions were obtained, as shown in Table 3.
The initial forging temperature is 1000℃, the press speed is 4.5mm/s, and the reduction rate is 60%.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Bo He
As energy is limited in wireless sensor networks, how to effectively manage and use energy of WSNs, and how to maximize the reduction of power consumption in WSNs and extend the lifetime of WSNs become a key problem faced by wireless sensor networks.
Clustering routing typically consists of three phases: cluster head election, select members, stable data transmission[5].
Select members and stable data transmission.
When the clustering process is completed, network enters the stable data transmission.
Assume p is the optimal ratio of cluster head, we improved algorithms for clustering p(i,r)=p*η (i, r), the cluster head selection in low-power algorithms is described as follows: (10) Simulation and analysis We present a simulation scenario: Eo =0.5J, =10pJ/bit/m2, = 0.0013pJ/bit/m4,node number n=100, data fusion energy cost Eda=5nJ/bit/message, data transmission 4000bytes/round.
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