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The aim is to fit experimental data by an appropriate choice of these parameters.
This is done e.g. by identifying cohesive zone parameters based on experimental data.
In this specific case, crack extension is accompanied by severe thickness reduction from 15 to approximately 11 mm.
The thickness reduction in the simulations was also influenced by the cohesive parameters.

In order to provide the necessary data and the theoretical support to the insulation coordination design of the disk insulator in engineering, the electric field and the potential distribution on the disc insulator surface of 126 kV GIS isolation grounding module are carried out numerical simulation by using the finite element method.
Three position isolation switch makes GIS equipment overall structure simplified, reduced in size, and it reduces the cost due to the reduction of an actuating mechanism.
Through the analysis of the calculation results and combining with the existing theoretical discharge，Providing some data and theoretical support for the actual insulation structure design.
(a) (b) Fig.1: The overrall layout of isolation ground module:1-Grounding switch moving contact.2-GIS shell.3-Isolating switch moving contact.4 -Disk insulator.5-Connecting conductor.6-Folder fork .7 -Crank arm. 8-Metal shield.9-Isolating switch static contact .10-Grounding switch static contact.11 -Insulation tension bar.12-Manipulation mechanism.13-Seal axis.14-Locking rod Because GIS the isolating switch and the grounding switch are integrated into a module（shown in Fig.2）, saving the material of the shell, reducing the occupied space of the shell, SF6 gas usage are reduced, sealing surface and the joint surface are reduced leading to reduction of the leakage probability.

Instrumentation is composed of sensory device and data acquisition systems.
Figure 2 sensor layout of the intelligent monitoring system Real-Time Monitoring System The real-time monitoring system consists of data acquisition system (DAQ) and remote data transmission and control system.
Distributed data acquisition System [2] is adopted for acquiring data from the onsite point distributed sensors, storing or transmitting these acquired data.
The relayed and digitized signal data in the distributed data acquisition systems are then sent to a remote computer in maintenance office using fiber optic multiplexer or aiding by the Internet.
Advanced Digital Signal Processing and Noise Reduction [M].

A further time-reduction can be got representing the denominator in the explicit expression of the integrand of the Eshelby integral by finite series, leading to known library integrals.
As universal (any symmetries) parameter, in order to classify the degree of anisotropy of a given C-data set, the variance σ0 of the normalized determinant D0(C,r) of the Christoffel matrix is suggested. σ0 can exactly be determined without great effort.
Its eigenvalues λ1 , λ2 , λ3 are directly proportional to the squares of the sound velocities v1(C,r), v2(C,r), v 3(C,r), and therefore (for a physically reasonable set of C-data) it follows : λ1(C,r) , λ2(C,r) , λ3(C,r) > 0 ; D(C,r) ≡ λ1 ⋅ λ2 ⋅ λ3 > 0
For the dominant number of C-data sets σ0 ≤ 0.5 , and about 40% of the sets had a σ0 ≤ 0.1 .
Fig. 1 shows them for the above mentioned C-data sets.

The mechanism of action of the low carbon building management base on structural equation modeling Chenpingping, Chenyiqi Southwest petroleum university, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500 447136594@qq.com 604568593@qq.om Keywords: structural equation model; low carbon building; factors influencing Abstract: The empirical research on the mechanism of the low carbon building management by using the method of structural equation modeling.Firstly, analyze and summarize the affecting factors of the low carbon building management, and constructed the theoretical model, and then designed the questionnaire to collect data, and explored factor structure by analyzing the survey recovery results through reliability analysis and validity analysis.
Introduction With the accelerated pace of urbanization, the current demand for energy saving and emissions reduction become more and more high, while the construction industry is a big energy consumer,  energy conservation and emission reduction is the focus of the industry, so the low carbon building has become a research and development trend ofconstruction industry.The core oflow-carbon buildingsis to reducecarbon emissions.
Figure 1 Low carbon construction management theory model diagram 3 Questionnaire design and data analysis 3.1 The questionnaire design Evaluation index should be set according to the evaluation purpose, and reflect the evaluation objects accurately.

By definition, data is an item which has not yet been performed.
Only the contextualization of data shall deliver added value for the creation of information, provide support for data interpretation.
In particular, the information makes connections between different data to define a fact.
The information thus involves some understanding of the relationship that exists between data.
Therefore, information can be comes from the link that exist between more data.

The results of this study contribute to extraction of an eco-friendly machining method and reduction of running cost as well as the excellent surface integrity.
And the experiment was conducted three times on the same conditions, and each item was measured three times, and the average was dealt with as data.
Scince the synthetic soluble was long life coolant, it will contribute to waste oil reduction and eco-friendly machining greatly.
[4] Japan Society for the Promotion of Machine Industry, Machining Data File 1994, 2262. (1994)

Ultrasonic treatment of a preliminary deformed TiNi alloy in a fixed state promotes reduction of strain recovery at subsequent heating through the temperature interval of the reverse martensite transformation, i. e. some locking of the induced strain occurs during the ultrasonic treatment of material in a fixed state.
There is not enough published data correlating the ultrasonic influence on functional properties of shape memory materials.
Conclusion The following conclusions can be made from the obtained experimental data: – the ultrasonic treatment influences on shape recovery parameters of TiNi shape memory alloys: recovery strain increases after preliminary UST with the amplitude of mechanical stress ~ 25 МPа; – the sample heating dynamics has a non-monotonic nature during the ultrasonic processing: there is an abrupt increase in temperature for the first few seconds of switching ultrasound on, then the decrease follows to some value and stays practically constant till the moment of switching ultrasound off; – the ultrasonic influence on shape recovery parameters of TiNi shape memory alloys after preliminary martensitic deformation and ultrasonic treatment in a fixed state was determined: the strain recovery is reduced with an increase in the applied USVs amplitude; – the extension of shape recovery temperature range for the first thermal cycle, as well as the dependence of strain recovery temperature dynamics on
the power of ultrasonic influence were observed after ultrasonic treatment of TiNi alloy; – the ultrasonic treatment of TiNi alloy in a fixed state after preliminary martensitic deformation causes reduction of the phase yield stress with increase in capacity of ultrasonic influence and also contributes to increase of recovery strain upon the subsequent heating.

It has been found that the inadequacy of concrete cover ply is quite common and leading to severe reduction for structural durability.
The FICK's second law is thought best for simulating the chloride-induced corrosion of concrete: (5) In this study, the data of chloride-induced corrosion have been collected are relatively disperse, and there is no obvious other discipline found.
(a) Take samples (b) Analysis of data Fig.1 Change of chloride ion concentration along with the increase of the surface's distance Statistic analysis for the abrasion, bioerosion and chemical erosion The surface damage is mostly found in sluice pier, wich is frequently experience long-term abrasive erosion by water-borne sand, or(and) chemical corrosion by polluted water.
The inadequacy of concrete cover ply is quite common and leading to severe reduction for structural durability, so the construction quality is urgently needs to improve. 6.

A comparison with measurement data gained by Photon Doppler Velocimetry is performed.
Main sources of errors are the stability of the laser beam on the one hand and the analysis of the recorded data on the other hand.
The analysis is commonly performed by a short-time Fourier transform, determining the spectrogram of frequency versus time for every data point.
It can be seen that the velocities calculated with the analytic model describe the courses of the measured data with an acceptable accuracy.
The accordance with experimental data recorded by the help of a PDV system is sufficient.