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Comprehensively considering the lateral force, axial force, bending moment and other factors of the spring section, .
Then define the spring material according to the physical and chemical properties of the given 17/7PH steels under the status of ASTM A313-631 CH-900, and load it in the finite element model.
According to the characteristics of the spring and its shear stress, the regression model consisted of the third-order polynomial expression should be able to reflect the regression properties of the maximum shear stress.
Figure 3 The predictive error interval when the confidence is 99% (the model with the maximum shear stress) It has been observed from this model that the most active factor affecting the inner stress of the spring is the spring wire diameter, while the pitch plays only a small role in the shear stress of the spring.
Wahl, “Mechanical Springs 2nd Edition”.

Silica and carbon black have been widely used as the main reinforcing fillers for improving the properties of natural rubber (NR).
In a silica-filled rubber compound, it is known that the low compatibility between NR and silica affects the mechanical properties of rubber products.
The functionalization can be carried out by adding a kind of functional group onto rubber chains for improving its properties or resolve a problem of NR following to the target applications.
Properties measurement [4] Bound rubber was investigated in order to study rubber-filler interaction using solubility measurement.
Sakdapipanich, Influence of gel content on the physical properties of unfilled and carbon black filled natural rubber vulcanizates, Polymer Testing. 32 (2013) 1135–1144.

When these structures are exposed to a hydrogen atmosphere and applied with acidic substances and stress, hydrogen embrittlement occurs, in which the mechanical properties are degraded due to the hydrogen attack on the microstructures.
The results of this study show that the fatigue limit was small by HAC affect in a corrosive environment of strong acid.
The fatigue limit of the crack specimen is highly dependent on the material properties, the threshold stress intensity factor of the long crack and the fatigue limit of the smooth specimen.
Nam, “Threshold stress intensity factor of ultra-high strength steel (HV670) containing surface crack by hydrogen assisted cracking and cumulative elastic wave“, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 35 (2021) 2441-2447
Nam, “Evaluation of fatigue limit and harmless crack size of needle peened offshore structure steel F690“, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 35(9) (2021) 3855-3862.

It is greatly influenced by the geometric nonlinearity effects due to its mechanical properties of flexibility[4-6].
Geometric nonlinearity effects are usually caused by three factors as follow: (1) Large displacement The geometric deformation of large span cable-stayed bridge is large under the load, and increases as the increase of load.
Line endpoint relative displacement is affected by three factors of cable itself: (a) Elastic strain produced after load is applied on the cable is controlled by the cable material elastic modulus.
Additional bending moment caused by axial force makes greater bending deformation and affects the axial stiffness of the beam.
(3) Under constant loads,cable sag is a major factor in nonlinear effects.

About the year 1759 the Tower was repaired, probably affected by the Earthquake of year 1746 (Silgado 1978), where it details to works of lime and brick, work of wood, cost of bells, raising them and putting this work perfect.
The 20 of November of the year a 1790 new seismic movement affects the Tower, causing the fall of two bells affecting to the church (Barriga 1944).
Mechanical Properties of Materials The walls that form the Tower are composed by units of bricks of clay joined by mortar of lime, for the present study there took the properties of the material found in other similar studies (Proaño et al, 2007) and whose results we adopt to give major accuracy to our analyses, these are: density of 1.7 gr/cm3, compression strengthen of 2.2 MPa (22 kg/cm2) and module of Elasticity of 1,110 Mpa.
Has used a pseudo accelerations spectrum according to the Peruvian Seismic Standard, the following parameters: Factor of Zone (Z=0.4), Factor of use (U=1.5), seismic Amplification factor, (C=2.5, Tp/T< 2.5), Elastic Reduction factor (R=1).
The analysis of walls needs to do a more accurate calculation of the seismic reduction factor R, taking into account the energy dissipations product of the progressive crackings in the structure.

Table 1 represents the important physical properties of PLA.
Table 2 represents the important physical properties of ABS.
The differences in impact resistance among the three tested 3D-printed polymers—PLA-WM, PLA, and ABS—can be attributed to their distinct chemical compositions and mechanical properties.
Mechanical Properties: ABS is regarded as extremely tough and strongly resistant to impact energy without breaking.
Environmental Factors: Determining how 3D-printed polymers would perform over time and the resistance to the environment in terms of humidity, temperature fluctuations, and UV lights.

The changing of material directly affects the design and manufacturing process.
At last, thermal stress and thermal deformation analysis are presented by taking nonlinear material properties into account, which provide some reference to evaluate the cooling capacity and structure design of exhaust manifold.
The main influence factors of the nodal temperatures are gas temperature and heat transfer coefficient.
Thermal Deformation and Thermal Stress Analysis Considering temperature variation, strain of elastomer is caused by two combined effect factors.
For the shortage of the mechanical properties of the material under high temperature, a fatigue analysis should be proceeded to verify whether the exhaust manifold meets the design requirements.

Since hydrogen dissolves easily in titanium to form titanium hydrides which have a strong influence on the microstructure coarsening and mechanical properties, the study of the porous compacts hydrogenation was carried out by hydrogenation at different temperatures (870 K up to 1070 K) in a hot filament reactor.
Titanium exhibits good properties of hydrogen absorption and storage.
Because the sintering temperature slightly affects the densification [10] in this process, the initial powder size and shape have verified to be a dominant factor governing the porosity level.
All these factors became evident that the hydrogen has a significant influence in the mechanical properties of the 3D porous titanium samples contributing for its fragilization.
Titanium hydrogenation promotes significant changes in the microstructure and mechanical properties of the titanium compacts.

Welding sticks H05MnNiMo and H06H1 are developed to improve the corrosion resisting property of the X80 pipeline in submerged arc welding.
And the characteristic and mechanical of the welding seam was discussed.
Since non-equilibrium complicated chemical and physical changes is conducted on the pipeline steel in the process of pipeline welding, deficiencies as the inhomogeneous chemical constituent, the existence of quenched structure, non-uniform mechanical properties, and the different electrochemical corrosion characteristic in the welded joint exist and tend to cause corrosion in the welding joint [6].Thus the corrosion of the joints is the key factors affecting the reliability of the pipeline system, mainly caused by the sulfur medium in crude oil.
It can be deduced from the anti-corrosive alloying principle that the more positive natural corrosion potential of the rare earth, copper and nickel decreases the cathodic polarizability, makes the base mental passivated and finally increases the anti-corrosion property of the alloy [9].
The more positive the potential is, the better the anti-corrosion property is.

Therefore, microscopic models of asphalt mixture can include most of the important factors that govern the performance of asphalt mixture.
Damage and anisotropy are important micro-structural factors that influence the macroscopic behavior of granular materials (e.g.
To account for these two factors, it was necessary to multiply the measured binder stiffness by a factor to obtain the stiffness of the mastic.
Dai [4] presented 2D and 3D micromechanical finite element (FE) models to predict the viscoelastic properties.
Micromechanical analysis of viscoelastic properties of asphalt concretes.