Books by Keyword: Microstructure

Description: Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).
This collection of over 500 peer-reviewed papers presents new research results on environment-friendly materials and environmental management. It aims to bring together researchers, developers and users from around the world, working in both industry and academia, in order to share state-of-the-art results, to explore new areas of research and development and to discuss the emerging issues facing environment-friendly materials and environmental management. The work presents important new perspectives on this ever more essential field.

Description: The main theme of this special volume encompasses the major technological advances of recent times, especially with respect to the significance of advanced materials and the associated technology. Young scientists, researchers and engineers working in almost any area of advanced materials science would benefit from reading this special volume.

Description: Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).
Neutron and synchrotron radiation are novel and powerful tools for stress evaluation, and are widely applied to fundamental studies in materials science and engineering, and in various industrial fields. This volume brings together the up-to-date knowledge of scientists from the academic world and industry in order to address specific topics concerning the evaluation of stresses and related phenomena using neutrons, synchrotron radiation and X-rays. Many of the presentations on stress-testing deal with samples of up to 0.5m line-pipe. Many applications of micro-beam X-ray methods are described, ranging from intragranular stress fluctuations within a grain (attributed to dislocations) to stresses in interconnects on chips. Simultaneous evaluation of tomographic and stress measurements of the same sample was shown to provide extremely clear insights into the nature and cause of damage. A major advance in the simulation of stress and strain at the mesoscopic scale has been achieved using the extended elasto-plastic self-consistent model. Such discoveries, and many others, will make this an important reference work for anyone who uses these techniques.

Description: Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).
This collection of papers provides the most up-to-date information available for researchers and engineers who are interested in any aspect of the field of solidification processes. Herein, theoretical analyses are presented, as well as studies of the technological problems which are associated with solidification in various gravitational environments. The topics covered range from fundamental aspects and modelling, to practical engineering applications.

Description: The main theme of this special collection of 60 peer-reviewed papers is Energy and Environmental Materials”. The collection is divided into 4 chapters: Eco-Materials, Energy Materials, Light Metals and Alloys, Low-Dimensional and Amorphous Materials, and provides an up-to-date survey of the topic.
Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).

Description: The main purpose of this special collection was to gather together up-to-date knowledge from scientists, researchers and technologists in order to review the status of processing technologies, materials development, emerging applications and economics/affordability issues.
The resultant scope is necessarily broad: contributors who are involved in titanium production technology, vapor, solid and liquid titanium processing/post-processing, alloy development, microstructure/property enhancement, modeling and simulation, and applications and market development were invited to participate. The diverse mix of papers presented here reflects the breadth of activity aimed at the cost-affordable use of titanium in emerging applications. The editors’ opening overview paper attempts to present the broad sweep of present and projected titanium cost-reduction schemes; in both titanium production and in subsequent processing. What is made particularly clear is that the impetus, in broadening markets, for titanium is very dependent upon cost reduction; particularly in cost-sensitive industries such as automobile production.

Description: Current water-treatment technologies require considerable energy consumption. Thus, closely linked to the problem of water shortage is the impending energy crisis. Therefore, intensive research is being aimed at developing water purification processes that are based upon using renewable energy, such as solar energy, rather than energy generated using fossil fuels. There has been an accumulation of reports on the development of photocatalysts, which enable water purification using solar energy as the only driving force. Such photocatalysts, based upon oxide semiconductors, permit the conversion of solar energy into the chemical energy that is required for the oxidation of toxic organic compounds in water. The most promising photocatalyst is titanium dioxide, TiO2, and its solid solutions. The research on TiO2 photocatalysis is multidisciplinary, and progress in this area requires the application of concepts of catalysis and photocatalysis as well as concepts of solid-state chemistry.

Description: This special volume presents the latest advances in the science and technology of high-performance ceramics. More than 600 excellent contributions were further refined, using a strict peer-review process, to give the more than 243 manuscripts included in this collection.

Description: This book brings together the latest advances in, and applications of, manufacturing science and engineering. It comprises 976 papers, selected from among 3062 papers which were submitted by universities and industrial laboratories all over the world. All of chosen papers were subjected to strict peer-review.

Description: The great majority of solid-state materials – natural as well as man-made ones – have a polycrystalline structure. They consist of crystallites having various sizes, shapes and crystallographic orientations. Because of the anisotropy of crystal properties, the material as a whole may also be anisotropic if the orientation distribution of the crystallites is not random. Furthermore, because of the differently oriented anisotropies of neighbouring crystals, the material is also micro-inhomogeneous. Macroscopic anisotropy and micro-inhomogeneity are thus fundamental properties of all polycrystalline materials. Therefore, the study of preferred crystal orientations, or crystallographic texture, is of major interest in research and industrial applications. Analysis of the crystal texture is now a well-established tool for quality control and failure analysis in industry, as well as in academic research, because of the ready availability of commercial equipment and refined computer programs.