Books by Keyword: Microstructure

Description: The main purpose of this special collection was to gather together up-to-date knowledge from scientists, researchers and technologists in order to review the status of processing technologies, materials development, emerging applications and economics/affordability issues.
The resultant scope is necessarily broad: contributors who are involved in titanium production technology, vapor, solid and liquid titanium processing/post-processing, alloy development, microstructure/property enhancement, modeling and simulation, and applications and market development were invited to participate. The diverse mix of papers presented here reflects the breadth of activity aimed at the cost-affordable use of titanium in emerging applications. The editors’ opening overview paper attempts to present the broad sweep of present and projected titanium cost-reduction schemes; in both titanium production and in subsequent processing. What is made particularly clear is that the impetus, in broadening markets, for titanium is very dependent upon cost reduction; particularly in cost-sensitive industries such as automobile production.

Description: Current water-treatment technologies require considerable energy consumption. Thus, closely linked to the problem of water shortage is the impending energy crisis. Therefore, intensive research is being aimed at developing water purification processes that are based upon using renewable energy, such as solar energy, rather than energy generated using fossil fuels. There has been an accumulation of reports on the development of photocatalysts, which enable water purification using solar energy as the only driving force. Such photocatalysts, based upon oxide semiconductors, permit the conversion of solar energy into the chemical energy that is required for the oxidation of toxic organic compounds in water. The most promising photocatalyst is titanium dioxide, TiO2, and its solid solutions. The research on TiO2 photocatalysis is multidisciplinary, and progress in this area requires the application of concepts of catalysis and photocatalysis as well as concepts of solid-state chemistry.

Description: This special volume presents the latest advances in the science and technology of high-performance ceramics. More than 600 excellent contributions were further refined, using a strict peer-review process, to give the more than 243 manuscripts included in this collection.

Description: This book brings together the latest advances in, and applications of, manufacturing science and engineering. It comprises 976 papers, selected from among 3062 papers which were submitted by universities and industrial laboratories all over the world. All of chosen papers were subjected to strict peer-review.

Description: The great majority of solid-state materials – natural as well as man-made ones – have a polycrystalline structure. They consist of crystallites having various sizes, shapes and crystallographic orientations. Because of the anisotropy of crystal properties, the material as a whole may also be anisotropic if the orientation distribution of the crystallites is not random. Furthermore, because of the differently oriented anisotropies of neighbouring crystals, the material is also micro-inhomogeneous. Macroscopic anisotropy and micro-inhomogeneity are thus fundamental properties of all polycrystalline materials. Therefore, the study of preferred crystal orientations, or crystallographic texture, is of major interest in research and industrial applications. Analysis of the crystal texture is now a well-established tool for quality control and failure analysis in industry, as well as in academic research, because of the ready availability of commercial equipment and refined computer programs.

Description: This special collection of peer-reviewed papers focuses on the technology, characterization and equipment required for handling nanocomposite films and hard and superhard coatings. It also covers subjects related to the development, properties and methods for the characterization of nanostructured materials for: solid-state electronics and energy technologies; nanocomposite films, hard and superhard coatings, tribological / corrosion-resistant coatings; surfaces and interfaces; nano-sensors, nanodevices and nanosystems, Equipment for deposition and characterization of nanocomposite films and industrial application of hard and superhard coatings.

Description: This eleventh volume in the series covering the latest results in the field includes abstracts of papers which have appeared since the publication of Annual Retrospective X (Volumes 280-281). As well as the 589 ceramics abstracts, the issue includes original papers on all of the major material groups, and theory: “Positron Annihilation in Ion-Implanted ZnO” (A.D.Acharya, G.Singh and S.B.Shrivastava), “Optical Characteristics of Tungsten Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Sputtering Technique” (S.A.Aly), “Research on Magnetization Mechanism of Nano-Magnetic Fluid” (J.Li and D.Li), “Clustering of Arsenic Atoms in Silicon during Low-Temperature Annealing” (O.Velichko and O.Burunova), “Effect of Current Density on Composition and Microstructure of Si Diffusion Layer by Electrodeposition” (H.Yang, Y.Zhang, Y.Li, G.Tang and K.Jia), “Positron Annihilation & Micro-Hardness Measurement of 6063 and 6066 with Compromise with Ingot Al” (M.A.Abdel-Rahman, A.Al-deen and E.A.Badawi), “Stress-Induced Migration and Trapping of Hydrogen in AISI403 Steel” (G.P.Tiwari, V.D.Alur and E.Ramadasan), “Electromigration Force on a Proton with a Bound State” (A.Lodder).

Description: Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).
This proceedings supplement contains further selected papers from the 6th International Conference on Processing and Manufacturing of Advanced Materials – THERMEC’2009, held during the period, August 25-29, 2006, in Berlin , Germany under the co-sponsorship of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society ( TMS) ,USA.

Description: This collection comprises 232 peer-reviewed papers, grouped into chapters according to materials-type, applications, characterization or simulation:
Chapter 1: biomaterials and integration of materials into biological systems (14 papers); Chapter 2: ceramics (12 papers); Chapter 3: composite materials (18 papers); Chapter 4: electronic, magnetic and photonic materials (25 papers); Chapter 5: metals and alloys (31 papers); Chapter 6: nanoscaled materials (11 papers); Chapter 7: polymers (17 papers); Chapter 8: materials for energy production, transport and storage (9 papers); Chapter 9: powder materials and powder technology processes (7 papers); Chapter 10: surface modification, thin films, coatings, and corrosion (22 papers); Chapter 11: simulation and modelling of materials and structures (16 papers); Chapter 12: aggregate, petrous and cementitious materials (22 papers); Chapter 13: recycling, eco-friendly materials and processes (12 papers); Chapter 14: fracture, fatigue, creep and wear (12 papers); Chapter 15: sensors and inspection techniques (4 papers).

Description: These are the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Processing and Manufacturing of Advanced Materials – THERMEC’2009; held during the period, August 25-29, 2006, in Berlin , Germany under the co-sponsorship of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) ,USA.
This work reflects the current ensemble knowledge of world-wide researchers and engineers/technologists working on various aspects of the processing, fabrication, structure/property evaluation and applications of both ferrous and non-ferrous materials; including biomaterials and smart/intelligent materials.