Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 142

Abstract: Cadmium sulfide has been the subject of considerable interest because of its potential applications in many fields. In this paper, the synthesis of Cadmium sulfide nanostructures is described. The Morphologies of as prepared Cadmium sulfide nanostructures are summarized. And the applications and prospects of Cadmium sulfide in this field also are analyzed.

Abstract: Zirconia-mullite nanocomoposites were prepared from Si-Al-Zr-O amorphous bulk with diffrent content of CaO and MgO by two-step thermal treatment between 900 and 1200°C. The effects of the additives on the phase and microsturcture were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the addition of CaO promotes cristobalite phase formation and the anisotropic growth of mullite grains. An indention micro-crack method was used to measure the fracture toughness of zirconia-mullite nanocomoposites. The results demonstrate that the fracture toughness increases with higher concentration of CaO. The improvement of fracture toughness is attributed to the anisotropic growth of grains.

Abstract: The supercritical material F92 steel is regarded as the research object, and the influence law of heat treatment process on its tissue and properties is analyzed. The results show that when the temperature of heat treatment quenching and tempering is too low, a large number of alloying elements cannot be fully integrated into the austenite, and the optimal obdurability of F92 steel is still not fully exploited; while too high temperature of heat treatment quenching and tempering will weaken the strength, plasticity and toughness. When F92 steel is processed by heating quenching at 1050 °C and tempering at 680 °C, its tissue is the smaller tempered lath martensite. The carbide is precipitated, generating precipitation strengthening, which gives it a high rupture strength and toughness. F92 steel is with high mechanical properties when heating quenched at 1050 °C and tempered 680 °C.

Abstract: This system realizes the function of automatic tire assembly which not only took PLC as control center but also synthetically applied with converter, servomotor and hydraulic. Firstly, it completes the carry of tire with converter by the way of different frequency. Secondly, PLC is used to control servomotor to finish assembling of tire. Thirdly, exact position control is designed through the use of the electro hydraulic servo control. Farther more, mathematics model is established. At the end of this paper, we compare machine efficiency with the manual operation and present the application foreground of this system.

Abstract: This paper discusses the brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency of a diesel engine using cottonseed biodiesel blended with diesel fuel. A series of experiments were conducted for the various blends under varying load conditions at a speed of 1500 rpm and 2500 rpm and the results were compared with the neat diesel. From the results, it is found that the brake specific fuel consumption of cottonseed biodiesel is slightly higher than that of diesel fuel at different engine loads and speeds, with this increase being higher the higher the percentage of the biodiesel in the blend. And the brake thermal efficiency of cottonseed biodiesel is nearly similar to that of diesel fuel at different engine loads and speeds. From the investigation, it is concluded that cottonseed biodiesl can be directly used in diesel engines without any modifications, at least in small blending ratios.

Abstract: The nonlinear dynamical equations are established by using the method of quasi-shells for three-dimensional shallow spherical shells with circular bottom. Displacement mode that meets the boundary conditions of fixed edges is given by using the method of the separate variable, A nonlinear forced vibration equation containing the second and the third order is derived by using the method of Galerkin. The stability of the equilibrium point is studied by using the Floquet exponent.

Abstract: Effect of calcium nutrient on calcium distribution and ultrastructure of cell and chloroplast in Bunching Onion (Allium fistulosum L. var. caespitosum Makino) leaf was studied in sands with 4 Ca2+ treatments (0, 40, 80 and 160 mg/L ), in which the solution was Hoagland's. Localization and distribution of calc^{Superscript text}ium and the influence of calcium nutrition on cell ultrastructure were observed by transmission electron microscopy combined with in situ precipitation of calcium with potassium pyroantimonate technique. The results showed that Ca2+ were mainly located in cell membrane, vacuoles, envelope of chloroplast and intercellular space in normal cells of bunching onion, however, Ca2+ was found to compartment in cytosol in large quantity, and the release of membrane-associated Ca2+ to cytosol and wall-associated Ca2+ to the intercellular spaces was observed in Ca-deficient leaves. In serious Ca-deficient leaves, Ca2+ quantities in cell decreased. Under Ca-deficiency, chloroplast membranes, plasma membranes and nuclear membranes were damaged, and cell walls disassociated, an enlarged space could be found between cells. In serious Ca-deficient leaves, cell compartmentation was destroyed, chloroplast deformed, plasma separated from cell wall, then whole cell constricted.

Abstract: The effect of water stress on growth and quality of bunching onion（Allium fistulosum L. var. caespitosum Makino）was studied in hydroponics by PEG treatments (10%, 15%, 20%). The results showed that the growth of bunching onion was significantly affected by water stress induced by PEG. Plant height, pseudo-stem weight, total plant weight decreased with PEG concentration increased, the inhibitions in 10% PEG and 20% PEG were greater than in 15% PEG. The root/shoot ratio increased in PEG treatments. Concentrations of allicin and pyruvic acid significantly increased at 10, 17 days after PEG treatments. With PEG concentration increased, concentrations of soluble protein increased.

Abstract: The physical and chemical properties of nanofluorocarbon-based magnetic fluids are deeply affected by the introduction of fluorinated base liquid. In this paper, firstly we introduce the concept, composition and classification of nanofluorocarbon-based magnetic fluids, then we discuss the properties, preparation and structure of perfluoro polyethers (PFPE); afterwards we analyze the NMR spectrum to infer the structure contained in the polymer in detail and systematically, further verify the functional group of PFPE.

Abstract: This study developed an electrically conductive XLA fiber, which can sense strain variation under extension. The conductive XLA fiber was prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) after plasma surface treatment. The strain sensing behavior of the PPy-coated XLA fibers was studied under tensile loading. It is found that the sensitivity of XLA fiber bases is over 145, and its working range is from 10% to 110%, showing it excellent in strain sensing behavior.