Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 195-196

Abstract: During spring and summer of 2009, the universal drought broke out around the world. This has a great influence on agricultural output value. Different degrees of drought appeared in 15 provinces and municipalities, mainly in winter wheat-producing areas. MODIS data and geographic information data were used in this paper. MPDI index was used to monitoring agricultural drought in winter wheat-producing areas of Henan.

Abstract: In order to resolve problem of integration of SAP(super absorbent polymer) and fertilizer, in this paper, controlled-release SAP was applied to research the rule of apparent uptake on the nitrogen, phosphorus and kalium nutrient elements by method of nutrient standardization which can provide for theory basis. The result showed that all different treatments on annual lolium perenne had a positive in absorbing nitrogen elements; between kalium and phosphorus nutrition elements had significant negative correlation, correlation coefficient above-0.90.Treatments of FER and YFISJ greatly improved content of nitrogen, phosphorus nutrition elements in lolium perenne, but also were greatly reduce to kalium element absorption. Meanwhile, treatments of different particle sizes of SAP improved obviously absorption of nitrogen and kalium element, phosphorus element of absorption was inhibited. Compound SAP improve nitrogen element apparent top utilization rate of 197%, improve phosphorus element apparent top utilization rate reaches 183% hydration, but reduces the kalium element absorption topped - 187%. The conclusions show that nutrients standardization method cans effective to compare and analysis with nutrients uptake among different treatments. Homemade controlled-release SAP can dramatically improve part of nutrition utilization.

Abstract: Biomass and quality index of Chinese cabbage were investigated under the following treatment, control (CK), 25% biogas slurry + 75% fertilizer (Z-25%), 50% biogas slurry + 50% fertilizer (Z-50%), 75% biogas slurry + 25% fertilizer (Z-75%), and 100% biogas slurry (Z-100%). The results indicated that Z-25% significantly increased shoot height and fresh weight. But shoot height and fresh weight significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner when the concentration of the biogas slurry was greater than 50%. Vitamin C, soluble sugar, protein, and nitrite were measured to evaluate the effect of biogas slurry on the quality of Chinese cabbage. Z-25% treatment could remarkably increased the content of dehydroascorbate (DHA) and total Vc, whereas did not significantly affect reduced ascorbate (AsA) content compared to the CK for 60 d. The content soluble sugar and protein were significantly enhanced under Z-25% treatment. In addition, Z-25% effectively reduced nitrite content in Chinese cabbage. Biogas slurry with concentration more than 50% could not promote quality index of Chinese cabbage. To sum up, biogas slurry of water hyacinth could improve the growth and quality of Chinese cabbage under the optimal applied concentration.

Abstract: According to the results of the Seventh Forest Industry Region inventory of forest resources, adopting the model of estimating the forest biomass and productivity which is established by Fang Jingyun, estimating the biomass and productivity of arbor forest in Heilongjiang Forest Industry Region is 96699.68×10⁴t and 8436.20×10⁴t/a respectively. Among them, the biomass and productivity of broadleaved mixed forest accounts for 63.62% and 52.3% of the total in maximum respectively. Based on the total biomass and total productivity of arbor forest in different original ages, the total biomass and total productivity of natural arbor forest is 92718.24×10⁴t and 7824.46×10⁴t/a, in which, the young forest and middle aged forest accounts for 67.2%, the total biomass and total productivity of artificial arbor forest is 3979.01×10⁴t and 611.74×10⁴t/a, therein, the young forest accounts for 30.91%. The average biomass of Forest Industry Region is 83.35t/hm^2, which is lower than the national average level, 86.07t/hm². The biomass and productivity of forest in Heilongjiang Forest Industry Region is 103722×10⁴t and 9334.16×10⁴t/a respectively. Among them, broadleaved mixed forest accounts for 59.44% of the total biomass, productivity accounts for 47.41% of total forest productivity, with absolute advantage.

Abstract: Topsoil porosity (TSP) is an important parameter for the research of soil physics, agriculture and environmental protection. However, the traditional method for measuring porosity is time consuming. Conversely, a series of new methods measuring soil surface roughness (SSR) are increased and become more and more quickly. Some researchers propose to predict TSP by SSR. In this study, two fields cultivated by different tillage type were investigated under natural condition during four years (2006-2009). The results of this study show that (i) both of soil roughness and porosity are decreased over time; (ii) there are strong correlation between soil porosity and roughness effected by rainfall; (iii) after introduce the index of accumulative mean rainfall (AMR), a model of multiple linear regression for presenting the correlation among SSR, TSP and rainfall was built using sampling data of 2006-2009 with R²>0.7.

Abstract: The comprehensive diagnosis method can avoid the unreasonable of single analysis method and inconsistency of various analysis methods. This paper used the method to diagnosis the change-point of Kuyehe flood series. The result is consistent with the hydrological investigated results, which can provide the basis of quantifying the impact of changes of underlying surface conditions on the watershed runoff.

Abstract: Research of soil salt and water movement rules is the premise and foundation of the construction of vegetation in seashore saline-alkali land. 20cm slag was set as salt isolated layer in the bottom of plant pit to study the rule of seasonal variation of soil profile salt and water. The result indicates that:(1) salt isolated layer not only can reduce the changes of soil moisture content at different depth significantly, and make it to be stable, but also has obvious effect to maintain the consistency of soil moisture, this is beneficial to the survival and growth of saline-alkali plants (2) salt isolated layer makes the changes of electrical conductivity relative alleviation at different soil depths, slowly increase, lesser range, even it inhibit the salt movement in dry season. This paper shows that the setting of salt isolated layer can adjust water and salt in saline-alkali soil, improve the survival rate and growth of saline-alkali plants.

Abstract: For developing demands of e-commerce on logistics response speed, the business connotation and development characters of quick response logistics were analyzed in this paper. It also put forward a time-based competition quick response mode of Agricultural Products E-commerce Logistics (APEL). On this basis, the business model on APEL was constructed taking Wuhan city circle as an object, and discussed its implementation of APEL mode and operation of business model in Wuhan city circle.

Abstract: By setting up the reference values and the normalized transformation forms for multiple indexes of the surface water, the TOPSIS evaluation model of surface water quality based on normalized indexes was proposed. It was used in water quality evaluation cases about 6 monitoring sections of Li River form 2008 to 2009, and the results show that the model is practical and universal.

Abstract: Northern Shaanxi is one of the pilot zones for implementating of Grain for Green Project. Monitoring the net primary production (NPP) change before and after the project would help understand the spatial patterns and the accomplishment of the Grain for Green project, and also be propitious to calibrate the projects benefits. Using the improved Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) modeling, the terrestrial NPP was estimated. Meanwhile, the carbon (C) stock benefits of Grain for Green Project were analyzed through the different land cover types and slope gradients. The results are as follows: (1) There was an apparently increase of average NPP in Northern Shaanxi from 2000 to 2007. Based on the trend analysis, the areas with high NPP growth rate (more than 20%) account for about 75% area of the whole Northern Shaanxi. (2) The C stock increased significantly from 2000 to 2007 in Northern Shaanxi. The total C stock of vegetation was 7169.4 t and the C stock per unit area was 121.2 t Ckm^-2a^-1. The total C stock of sloping farmland was more than 2000 t, which account for 31.3% of the whole C stock in Northern Shaanxi. (3) The main districts of the Grain for Green Project, such as the sloping farmland, open forest and lands with slope 15° to 35°, gained better C stock benefits than other areas. The results in this study indicated that the Grain for Green project resulted in good C stock benefits.