Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 195-196

Abstract: The distinct characteristics in the dry upper valley of Minjiang River were the complication of natural environment, the frangibility of ecosystem, dryland farming systems, and the transition of culture. Drought is a many faceted natural disaster that leads to serious socio-economic impacts particularly affecting agricultural production of the dry valley. The basic objective of drought prevention and mitigation is to minimize possible adverse outcomes within the constraints of the costs involved. The paper elaborates the specific vulnerability contexts and situation of dryland mountain agricultural systems, highlights the importance of stabilizing dryland agriculture by evolving contingent crop production strategies, economies diversify to include agro-industry or various tertiary products, agricultural extension etc. in dry valley area of upper Minjiang River.

Abstract: This paper collected energy input-output data of Hainan Province agriculture sector in 21 years (1988-2008).All the direct and indirect inputs of energy for the production of main crops in Hainan were evaluated.The inputs and outputs were calculated by multiplying the amounts of inputs and outputs by their energy equivalents.The results showed that total energy input increased from 16.06 in 1988 to 38.39GJha^-1 in 2008, total output energy increased from 83.92 in 1988 to 149.06GJha^-1 in 2008. The net energy gain was a positive value,but a majority of the input energy emanates from non-renewable sources of energy.The energy ratio was estimated to be 5.04 and showed a declining trend during the period.This indicates that increased use of inputs ha^-1 in production was accompanied by a much less increase in the output levels.Improvements in fertilizer application can significantly affect the energy efficiency of Hainan agriculture sector.

Abstract: The authors selected GDP and forest carbon storage time series of forest industrial state-owned region in Heilongjiang Province and established carbon sequestration EKC model based on unit root test and co-integration theory. Through regression analysis, the paper reveals the inverted N-shaped curve characteristic between the two variables, and made a conclusion that forest industrial state-owned region in Heilongjiang Province is in a critical condition of the coordination between forest resource preservation and economic growth.

Abstract: Under the framework of soil-wheat system, the sampling area was selected in the Lingxian country of Shandong province, based on the DGPS localization data, a total of 849 sampling sites of Ji wheat 22 yield which was cultivated by Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science were involved in the study, combination with grid sampling and random sampling. the spatial estimation comparison study of wheat yield was developed on the precision scale, with the support of Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method. The main objective of the study analyzed the spatial estimation on basis of sampling sites with the help of two methods. The results showed that IDW method is more accurate on basis of the sampling sites data than Kriging method, under less than 40m interval between sites for Ji wheat 22 yield, though the major advantage of kriging in comparison with IDW is estimating weights for locations based not only on the distance between separated locations but also on the global semivariogram model fitted to the collected data. The results also indicated that the estimation accuracy depended on the threshold of sampling numbers, if the numbers are less than the threshold, the sampling density is in contact with the spatial estimation accuracy, if the numbers are more than the threshold, the density of the sampling numbers is improved, but the estimation results are not proportional to the density.

Abstract: The research on the damage banana quality with loaded mechanical energy has significance to its storage, but there are few researches at present. This paper investigated 3 indexes of the energy and substance transformation in the damage banana by loading, including the change of the respiration rate CO₂, the maximum impact stress intensity of fruit re-enduring and the maximum mechanical energy etc. during the storage. The results showed that there existed a significant association between the energy conversion and quality characteristics for the damaged banana, and the energy transformation affected the individuals physiological and biochemical process. There presented a significant trend on the intensity of the loading mechanical energy against the quality characteristics on above 3 indexes during the storage, but the difference between the individual had little effects on it. Decreasing the energy and substance transformation in damage area are the important means of extending the physiology life of fruits, which is an urgent problem to be solved in their field of processing and storage at present.

Abstract: With the change of global climate in the current world, there is a huge impact on the agricultural development. In the background of the more scarce water resources and the poor land, for central and western regions of Inner Mongolia, how to create the value of greatest ecological, economic and social becomes the priority. This paper introduces that the Inhabitable Environment and Landscape Design for the theoretical guidance, the regional landscape ecological planning and design for the base, trying to find a set of planning and design patterns of sustainable agricultural park between people and land, between land and environment by Landscape Architecture Planning and Design Studies.

Abstract: In order to reveal the effect of disturbance on species composition and detect indicator species for disturbance gradients, we conducted an investigation of urban forest communities along a disturbance gradient in Guangzhou, China. Species richness in the tree layer and understory had no significant difference among disturbance gradients, but Simpson index, Shannon-Weiner index and Evenness index varied significantly.species diversity index decreased with disturbance gradient. Multi-Response Permutation Procedures (MRPP) revealed high significance in species composition of both tree and understory layer among different disturbance gradients. Twelve species from the tree layer and 25 from the understory were detected to characterize the forest communities with a certain disturbance regime by Indicator Species Analysis (ISA). Indicator species help enhance our understanding of species-environment relationship, and the ecological response of indicator species to disturbance can be used for monitoring forest environmental change.

Abstract: According to the investment charge, number of year for using, regulation effect of environmental factors and controlling costs, the concept of largest photosynthesis of unit costs on seedling production was mentioned. The photosynthesis of unit costs on six typical kinds of greenhouse in the South area of Guangxi Province were calculated and compared. The optimum combination of greenhouse equipments for eucalyptus seedling production showed that the greenhouse with highest quality-price ratio was the plastic greenhouse equipped with the fan pad, followed with that equipped with the mist fog device. In South area of Guangxi Province, due to high temperatures throughout the year, April to October, the average daytime temperature exceeded 25 ,which is above the optimum seedling growth temperature, so cooling effect of greenhouse in cost-effective environmental regulation has became a major factor.

Abstract: In a laboratory incubation study, two soils were treated with distilled water, and flooded for a period of 0 (contr-ol), 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 weeks. P adsorption desorption characteristics of two soils were measured at the end of the incubation period. P a-dsorption increased with increasing levels of added P in two soi-ls. P adsorption of Paddy soil was comparatively lower than that of upland red soil. P adsorption data was found to fit Langmuir isotherms for two soils. Soil P adsorption maxima obtained from Langmuir isotherm varied from 1190 to 672 mg/kg for upland r-ed soil, and varied from 708 to 530 mg/kg for paddy soil. Floodi-ng decreased P adsorption capacity of upland red soil,increased soluble P (in 0.01M CaCl₂) and equilibrium P concentration. For paddy soil, there was a large increase in the P sorption capacity after one week flooding, and then P sorption capacity decreased. The more adsorption maxima is, and the more desorption maxi-ma (Dm) is. Desorption rate constant (Kd) and bonding energy (b) varied inconsistently in two soils.

Abstract: In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of anthocyanin extract from Lonicera caerulea var. edulis (LCA) on UVC-induced lipid and protein peroxidation using lecithin and Bull Serum Albumin (BSA) in vitro model. We also investigated the protective effect of anthocyanin on UVC induced cell injury in Spleen lymphocytes of mouse via MTT and comet assays. Peroxidation of lecithin and BSA generated by exposure to UVC radiation was significantly decreased by addition with various concentrations of LCA. Moreover, LCA exhibited an inhibitory effect on DNA damage induced by UVC radiation when compared with the control group, the DNA damage decrease at the LCA concentration of 50-200ug/ml, in comet assay. These results indicate that LCA has certain protective effect to ultraviolet radiation damage.