Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 271-272

Abstract: Ceramic coatings containing graphite were prepared on Q235 carbon steel by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in aluminate electrolyte with graphite dispersed in electrolyte. The microstructure and properties of the coatings including phase composition, surface and cross section morphology, thickness and bonding strength were characterized. The results showed that the coating consisted of FeAl2O4, Fe3O4 and a certain amount of graphite. The coating was typically characterized by micro pores and ball-shaped round grains distributed on the surface. With increasing the treating current density, the pores became bigger and the ball-shaped round grains became more. Coatings obtained with various current densities showed a good interface between the coating and substrate. The bonding strength of the coatings decreased a little when increasing the current densities, the values of which were all above 20MPa. The coating grew both inwards and outwards to the substrate surface. With increasing the treating current density, the consumption of substrate gradually increased but the whole thickness was not strongly affected by the current density and the value was about 115 μm.

Abstract: In the paper, the mechanical shock abilities of the three potting materials of hard material, silicone and paraffin wax for the ceramic packaging capacitors and metal packaging capacitors are investigated by mechanical shock tests. Results show that the mechanical shock resistance ability of the hard epoxy resin potting material is the strongest, and the mechanical shock resistance ability of the metal packaging component is more than the ceramic packaging. The mechanical shock resistance value of the epoxy resin potting material for metal packaging capacitors is in 20000g above.

Abstract: Nine europium complexes with 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid (Hpyca) and butanedioic acid (HBDA) were synthesized and characterized by elemental, IR, EDTA titration, ICP, and TG-DSC analyses. The results show that the complexes have the compositions of Eu(Pyca)(BDA)•2H2O, Eu0.7La0.3(Pyca)(BDA)•2H2O, Eu0.6La0.4(pyca)(BDA)•3H2O, Eu0.5La0.5(pyca)(BDA)•4H2O, Eu0.7Y0.3(Pyca)(BDA)•3H2O, Eu0.6Y0.4 (Pyca)(BDA)•2H2O, Eu0.5Y0.5(Pyca)(BDA)•3H2O, Eu0.7Gd0.3(Pyca)(BDA)•2H2O and Eu0.5Gd0.5(Pyca)(BDA)•2H2O. IR spectra indicate that lanthanide ions coordinate with the carboxylic oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms of Hpyca and oxygen atoms of HBDA. Luminescence spectra show that the introduction of La3+, Y3+ or Gd3+ in the complexes does not change the luminescence peak position, but remarkably increases luminescent intensity of the europium complexes. The quantum yields of the complexes doped with inert lanthanide ions (La3+, Y3+ or Gd3+) are higher than that of the undoped europium complex. Furthermore, doping the inert lanthanide ions in right proportion can increase the luminescence lifetimes of complexes. Those complexes are of strong luminescence, low cost and practical value.

Abstract: Nowadays, “green and environmental protection” is the theme of the social development. Therefore, packaging waste has become a prominent environmental problem that should be solved as quickly as possible. In such background condition, the research and application of environmentally and friendly packaging materials gets more and more important and urgent. Corn plastic, oilseed plastic, straw container, renewable foam plastic, foaming plant fiber and other environmentally friendly packaging materials are in line with the requirements of the times. But what we cannot forget is that when catering to the trends of times, our packaging design has to also inherit the essential traditional culture in the use of the material. Only in this way can we stand among the nations of the world.

Abstract: GH3230 is a new type of superalloy,it is the first study about it. This paper studied the high temperature mechanical properties of the GH3230 base metal and argon-arc welding joints by high temperature tensile test,high temperature creep test and SEM analyses. The results showed thatthe ultimate tensile strength of GH3230 argon-arc welding joints is about 85.6% of that of base metal under the same conditions. In the high temperature creep test, GH3230 argon-arc welding joints had a longer creep life than that of base metal. Both GH3230 base metal and argon-arc welding joints showed a ductile fracture. High temperature tensile fracture is cavities fracture and high temperature creep fracture is intergranular fracture. The deformation of GH3230 argon-arc welding joints is much more uniformited and smaller than that of base material, and GH3230 argon-arc welding joints has less cracks.

Abstract: In this modern time with rapidly developing science and technology, packing materials have taken an important role in packing design, and glass packing container takes a huger proportion all the time. Glass’s main raw materials include quartz sand, sodium carbonate, feldspar and limestone and so on. At times, a little bit clarifier, colorant, or opacifier will be blended into the glass. With the procedures of blending, melting, clarifying and homogenizing, the glass will be processed successfully after annealing treatment. Glass packing materials’ workmanship is simple with various forms, and they are apt to clean whilst can be used repeatedly. In modern packing design, glass packing materials have a higher utilization rate, so they have become a kind of indispensable packing materials.

Abstract: Metal packing materials belong to one of traditional packing materials. Metal container has brought huge changes and progresses to people’s work and life. With its outstanding characteristics, metal container plays an important role among packing materials. Metal packing materials have developed from its temporary storing built-in items function to today’s canned food, drink container, transport package and so on, and from production to delivery and consumption by forming a series of flow containers. It has been the main method of storing built-in items for a long time.

Abstract: With the development of the world economy, there is a growing emphasis on coordination with the surrounding environment and sustainability. The protection of the ecological environment and sustainable development has become the most pressing issues facing countries around the world when we has into the 21st century. Based on this situation, various fields are more and more emphasis on energy conservation and protection of nature, the traditional packaging materials and design obviously can not meet this requirement. So it is spurred to take full account of environmental design packaging with select packaging materials, explore a new model and method. Therefore spending on between the environmental pollution and market conflict. The designers and engineers must work toward the long-term development goals of protecting the environment and resources, it also requires a new environmentally friendly packaging design with new environmentally friendly materials match, both as an important integral part of packaging is dispensable not give up on the design considerations, to fully consider the aesthetic psychology of buyers can not only consider the functional, and also can not give up too much to satisfy consumer aesthetic of functional and environmentally friendly standards. Therefore, we need to fully study the basic demands of the modern green packaging materials and modern packaging design, give full consideration to the practical application of the environmentally friendly materials in the design.

Abstract: Natural fibre has become the subject of interest for research and development by various organizations due to its biodegradable and competitive mechanical properties. However most of the researchers are focusing on random orientation and compressed mat with only little researches concerned with woven or textile structure. This research work involved with mechanical analysis of woven natural fibres composite specifically coir and kenaf natural fibres. Plain woven coir and kenaf were produced from their yarns using self designed weaving device. The woven fibres were then converted as reinforcement in composite. Woven composite was prepared using manual hand lay up technique couple with vacuum bagging. Impact penetration and flexural (three point bending) test were conducted on composite sample. Morphological analysis was performed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). From the results obtained, dry woven coir composite displayed better mechanical properties for both impact and flexural properties compared to kenaf composite. Warp direction of coir composite and kenaf composite showed a better flexural strength compared to weft composite direction. Coir yarn with slight lower fineness value than kenaf yarn had contributed to the higher fibre density in woven structure. The structure used as composite reinforcement in turn produced better mechanical properties.

Abstract: In this paper, an optimization experiment was designed to get the optimal performance of supersonic sprayed coating. Response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design has been used in this experimental design. Input factors were designed with four representative spraying parameters: powder feed rate, spraying power, argon flow rate and hydrogen flow rate. Porosity of NiCrBSi coating, as the only measured response, was applied to estimate the influence of spraying process on the coating performance. Results indicate that porosity is the most sensitive to change powder feed rate, followed by argon flow rate, hydrogen flow rate and spraying power. A minimum porosity of 1.8% was obtained under the optimization spraying parameters.