Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 275-277

Abstract: A novel process of solid-oxide-oxygen-ion conducting membrane (SOM) technique has been investigated to produce Ta metal directly from solid Ta2O5 in mixture molten of 55.5MgF2-44.5CaF2 (in wt%). The sintered porous Ta2O5 pellet was employed as the cathode while liquid copper, saturated with graphite powder and encased in a one-end-closed yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) tube, acted as the anode. An electrolysis potential higher than that in Fray–Farthing–Chen (FFC) Cambridge process could be applied to this process because YSZ membrane blocked the electrolysis of the melts and there was no need for flux to dissolve Ta2O5. The results demonstrated that the electrolytic temperature have played important roles in this electrochemical process. Furthermore, this process can be used to efficiently produce Ta metal without the expensive pre-electrolysis and generation of harmful byproducts.

Abstract: In this article, the technology of ultrasound impacting is mentioned. The toe of 16Mn welded joints are treated by the ultrasound impacting, and the fatigue, hardness and residual compressive stress of the 16Mn welded joints are compared after treated by ultrasound impacting. The results shows that, the ultrasound impacting bring high residual compressive stress on the surface of the 16Mn welded joints, besides, the treatment of ultrasound impacting can improve the fatigue and hardness of the 16Mn welded joints, and when the impacting electric current is 1.5A, and the impacting time is 10 min, the fatigue and hardness of the sample is the best.

Abstract: Lu2Ti2O7 powders have been prepared using TiO2 and Lu2O3 oxides as precursors based on molten salt technique and the effects of salt-oxide ratio on the phase transformation is studied. A significant influence of salt-oxide ratio on phase transformation has been observed and the salt-oxide molar ratio of 3:1 is preferred for improved synthesis reaction efficiency. Such an experimental trend is analyzed with the assistant of JMA equation and the possible correlations between salt amount and the nucleation rate is given. After confirming linearly increasing of the crystal size with time, which is an indicative of interface controlled crystal growth kinetics, the investigations on the curves resulting from the logarithm of phase transformation fraction (ln[-ln(1-α)]) plots versus both the annealing time (lnt) and calcinations temperatures ( ) under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions respectively suggest that the enhanced crystallization is derived from the modification of salt amount to the nucleation rate.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the factors affecting the machining accuracy. Specific analysis of the causes of error, and take appropriate precautions to reduce processing errors, improve the machining accuracy.

Abstract: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a new class of air pollutants posing threat to the environment. Newer technologies are being developed for their control among which biofiltration seem to be most attractive. Biofiltration of styrene vapor from air stream was discussed in this study. Experimental investigations were conducted on a laboratory scale biofilter, containing mixture of compost and polystyrene inert particles as the filter materials. Mixed consortium of activated sludge was used as an inoculum. The continuous performance of biofilter for styrene removal was monitored for different concentrations and flow rates. The removal efficiencies decreased at higher concentrations and higher gas flow rates. A maximum elimination capacity of 85g/(m3•h) was achieved. The response of biofilter to upset loading operation showed that the biofilm in the biofilters was quite stable and quickly adapted to adverse operational conditions.

Abstract: Sodium calcium borate glass derived hydroxyapatite (G-HAP) scaffolds were prepared by dipping with polymer foam. The effects of glasses and ethyl-cellulose (EC) content on the porosity and compressive strength of the scaffolds were studied. The effects of different initial pH value and ions concentration on adsorption performance of copper ions in aqueous solutions were also investigated. The results showed that G-HAP scaffolds could immobilize copper ions in solution effectively. The mechanism of G-HAP scaffolds in immobilizing Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions was investigated by the X-ray diffraction, Infrared Spectra and Scanning electron microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectrometer.

Abstract: A new hybrid material of CaF2/ABB6B (CFAB) was developed by the template-free hybridization of acid brilliant blue 6B (ABB6B) with CaF2. The composition and structure of the material were determined and characterized. In contrast to conventional sorbents, the hybrid material contains lots of negative charges as the basis of specific adsorption. The efficient removal of cationic dyes of victoria blue B (VBB), ethyl violet (EV) and basic brilliant blue BO (BBBO) indicates that it has an improved adsorption capacity and selectivity with a short removal time less than 5 min; while the hybrid sorbents fit the Langmuir isotherm model. Instead of using ABB6B reagent, an ABB6B-producing wastewater was reused to prepare the cost-effective sorbent, and the equilibrium adsorption capacities of which reached 46.29 mg•g-1, 24.81 mg•g-1 and 30.40 mg•g-1 for VBB, EV and BBBO, respectively. The sorbent was then used to treat the actual wastewater samples with satisfactory results of over 96% decolonization and 82% COD-decreasing. This work has developed a simple and eco-friendly method for synthesizing a practical and efficient sorbent. The results shown that the hybrid adsorption material has ideal decolorization and COD lowering efficiency and a good application prospect in dye industrial wastewater treatment.

Abstract: Focusing on the demand for green buffer material with increasingly rapid growth of Express packaging market and main discuss the technology of foamed bamboo fiber and pay more attention on producing them. Add 40g bamboo powder and bamboo pulp as the original reaction materials, and then contrast the foamed productions. The results show the bamboo pulp has a better buffer ability. Add different contents of photo starches and contrast the results of the experiments, and then it could conclude that 20g photo starches could bond the bamboo fibers and adhesives well. By selecting different kinds of foamed reagents and researching the suitable ratio of them, it could concludes that organic foamed adhesive AC should be 0.3g, and inorganic foamed adhesive should be (3gNaHCO3:2gNH3HCO3:1g(NH3)2CO3). By adding different contents of CaCO3, it could conclude that 4g is the best value. By contrasting the validity of microwaves oven and high temperature container, it could conclude that put the composites into the microwaves for 7 minutes will not only have a high quality, but also a short time. Finally cut the foamed bamboo fiber productions into small grains. Test the static buffer characteristics of the small grains, and then F-X, σ -ε、C-ε curves could be recorded.

Abstract: In this paper,a recognition method of coal and gangue based on x-ray is studied. With the different density , the coal and gangue on a belt can be detected by x-ray. After penetrated by x-ray, with the acquisition of ray signal and image analysis, the gangue can be accurately distinguished from the coal. As a result, the quality of coal is improved. Proved by experiment, this method is more efficient and accurate than other methods.

Abstract: Use Atomic Force Microscope to analyze surface morphology of the laboratory prepared Mg-doped zinc oxide films and standard gratings. Main measuring method is the use of semi-contact mode of the Atomic Force Microscope (tapping mode). When parameters such as frequencies and gains do not change, we focus on the differences of the results under different feedback speed (FB) working on the specimens, and sum up the relations between the feedback speed (FB) and the definition of the surface morphology of the specimens.