Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 295-298

Abstract: A synthetic assessment method and systematic procedure are developed in this paper based on cloud theory. The calibration results work well in one building site of Bohai Bay. This shows the presented method has advantages of concision and easy-operation, and the randomness and ambiguity can reacted in the assessment procedure, so the assessment results are practical significance.

Abstract: Many natural, environmental, ecological and social economical indexes are involved for urban water ecological security assessment. The index system is built with the pressure-state-response model put forward by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. The comprehensive index weights are determined with improved analytic hierarchy process and entropy value method. The model based on fuzzy optimum selection theory is used. The application of this model in Jinan is given as an example. The results correspond basically with the reality.

Abstract: According to the increasing degradation of Shuangtai Estuary Wetland, The paper makes an analysis and research on the pressure indexes of Shuangtai Estuary Wetland influenced and broken by human activities, in order to provide theoretical basis for future researches and management. The method of PSR was used to decide factor weights. The results indicated that the index of wetlands ecological frangibility evaluation is 0.15. According to the classification grade of wetlands ecological frangibility, the wetlands ecological frangibility is potential frangibility.

Abstract: Study on ecological compensation ability of urban green space is the premise and foundation of scientific and reasonable urban ecological green space system planning. Taking Jinan as an example, the paper studies the ecological compensation ability of ecological green space system by applying RS and GIS technology, based on the principle of balance of carbon and oxygen and by using the green equivalent method. The results show: except Lixia District’s per-capita two-dimensional green biomass does not reach minimal standard(25m² per person), the other four districts (Licheng, Tianqiao, Huaiyin and Shizhong) reach the underline of green equivalent which meets the needs of the normal life of residents. However, there exist some problems, such as scarcity of green space types and disproportion of ratio between trees and shrubs.

Abstract: Beginning from basic meaning of the influence of the ecological environment, this paper discusses the characteristics of the influence of the ecological environment, and the importance of the ecological environment evaluation. What's more, this paper puts an emphasis on the analyses of the analogy analysis , biodiversity and landscape ecological method of the influence of the ecological environmental. The last part is the conclusion of this paper.

Abstract: This study examined the hourly monitoring data from 2006 to 2009 collected by the Aerosol Supersite of the Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan. The OC/EC primary ratio method has been applied to estimate the content of secondary organic carbon (SOC). Results of this study indicated that the monthly concentrations of PM2.5, OC, and EC all remained low in summer but went up in winter. Possible factors were climate-related and influences from continental high pressure systems. The content (24–36%) of SOC in summer was significantly higher than in other seasons, indicating that a great formation of organic carbon in summer. When considering the hourly trend, apparent peaks can be consistently observed in the morning, which may be due to an increase of mobile pollution source and photochemical reactions. (OC/EC)min ratio values were calculated based on both hourly and daily concentrations of OC and EC, then annual values (2006~2009) were 0.20~1.11 and 0.68~2.72 for hourly and daily data base respectively. Content of SOC in PM2.5 and OC were estimated to be 16~23 % and 75~93 % based on (OC/EC)min ratio from hourly data set, and were 11~18 % and 42~77 % based on (OC/EC)min ratio from daily data set. Results from this study, as well as those from other studies, demonstrated that the OC/EC ratio is dependent upon the sampling method as well as the method of analysis. Furthermore, the daily OC/EC ratio may change, and significant variations may be found even within 24 hours. Taken together, when conducting estimation of SOC, it is important to eliminate the consideration on background concentrations but to take a good advantage of the high temporal resolution of hourly monitoring data in order to estimate SOC using a corrective approach.

Abstract: The spatio-temporal variations of extreme temperature in North China during 1954-2008 are analyzed based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method. The results show that the interannual-to-interdecadal variabilities of extreme temperature in North China. 3-4 years and 7-8 years interannual variabilities as well as a decreasing trend are dominant while 15 years oscillation takes second place in the extreme low temperature variation. Meanwhile, 3-4 year interannual variabilities are dominant while 6-7 years, 14-15 years 40 years oscillation as well as an increasing trend takes second place in the extreme high temperature variation. 3-4 years interannual variabilities of both extreme low and high temperature are closely related to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), while interdecadal variabilities and trend of extreme temperature are obviously associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Besides, PDO plays an important role on interdecadal modulation of interannual to decadal variabilities of extreme temperature in North China.

Abstract: The mercury emission characteristics of coal-fired power plant boilers, industrial boilers, cement kilns, and sintering of iron and steel industry were studied in this paper. The reducing effect of mercury emissions by pollution control technology was analyzed. The EPA standard method was used to measure the mercury concentration of the pollution sources. For coal-fired boilers, the mercury removal efficiency of the existing electrostatic precipitator and wet FGD is up to 60%-70%, and the mercury concentration in the flue gas is below the standard 30μg/Nm3. The main mercury emissions of cement industries are at the kiln outlet, the mercury concentration of which is 2.5 to 5.4 times that of the kiln inlet. For the iron and steel industry, the mercury concentration of the exhausting gas after dust removal and desulfurization can not meet the emission limits and need to be further controlled. The research did in the paper made a scientific basis for the improvement of atmospheric mercury emission inventory and the mercury control.

Abstract: This study has been conducted to evaluate the ongoing issue of carbon footprints, and to identify sustainable carbon reduction strategies at the UTM main campus in Skudai, Southern Malaysia. The study focuses on the main contributors to carbon footprint from three emission, categories, specifically transportation, electricity consumed and waste generated. The study will look at the strategies for carbon emission mitigation, using data collected from several units in UTM, namely the Asset and Built Office, Security Office and Residential College, in order to estimate the carbon emissions. The study will also provide some suggestions on strategies for energy management systems to reduce the amount of CO2 emission in UTM.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to establish a kind of geological disaster monitoring system,The system proposed in this paper has a good scalability and unified data interface in which change monitoring parameters can be changed according to the different types of disasters conveniently.The system can be widely used in monitoring of debris flow, landslide, collapse, mine tailings and other disaster.The electricity of the system is supplied by solar energy ,and it uses the wireless network through the GPRS remote communication. It can realize the remote automation monitoring of disaster and the system has been widely used in the landslide demonstrational site.