Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 295-298

Abstract: The calculation methods of the city emergy yield ratio (EYR), environmental load rate (ELR) and city environmental efficiency index (CEI) are defined based on the emergy analysis of city social- economic- environment complex systems. The change trends of environmental efficiency indexes are studied which is from 2003 to 2009 year of Jiaxing city. The results show that the EYR takes on a slow growth trend, from 1.17 to 1.23. The ELR takes on a growth trend also, from 5.14 to 6.99. But, the EYR average annual growth rate is only 0.66 percent which is much lower than the inflation of ELR, whose rate is 5.13 percent. In general, the CEI has a downward trend, from 0.23 to 0.18. Industrial restructuring in Jiaxing has achieved a considerable success. The study results show that, however, the environment has a high pressure still from the social economic development. The task of industrial restructuring has a long road to walk.

Abstract: Eight major pollution indicators are selected，which are nitrate, chloride, sulfate, hardness and other indicators through comprehensive monitoring and analysis of shallow groundwater in Jiaozuo area. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to determine the water quality level of shallow groundwater. Multiple statistical analysis method is used to take advantage of qualitative and quantitative analysis of pollution sources to identify the main sources of pollution. The results indicate that the shallow groundwater quality is poor and the contaminated area is up to 81.82% in research area. There are three kinds of pollution characteristics of the sources which are the chemical industrial source, mechanical processing source and agricultural source. Their contribution rates to the shallow groundwater pollution of the whole area are 53.81%, 30.34% and 15.85% respectively.

Abstract: The losses incurred by traffic congestion are an important part of the external costs of highway transportation. In this paper, traffic congestion index was proposed to estimate external costs of highway congestion. On basis of analyzing the composition and type of the external costs of traffic congestion, estimation methods about each type external costs were presented. By virtue of presented traffic congestion index and estimation methods, an application case was conducted on external time costs estimation about 2010 annual Beijing expressway congestion. Finally, some strategies to improve highway congestion were proposed according to the calculation results, which provided a reference for promoting the sustainable development of road transportation.

Abstract: An index system of low-carbon Industrial Transfer Park has been constructed form six aspects, which are planning, management, infrastructure, industry ecosystem, human life and carbon sinks. The park is evaluated by using the analytic hierarchy process and the extension method. The evaluation model is more comprehensive and objective than others to assess the degree of carbon emissions of the industrial park.

Abstract: In this study,sixteen sediment samples on Tuohe River were chemically analyzed in order to determine the concentration,origin and pollution intensity of heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd). The concentration of these elements was determined by using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Then a cluster analysis has conducted using Minitab software. The obtained results showed that the concentration of heavy elements are transitive as compared with the average concentration of these elements in ground surface and global sediments and they controlled by geological units. Lime units play the most important role to control the concentration of elements. Based on Muller geochemical index, the sediments in Tuohe River are not polluted.

Abstract: Equipped with type AAQ171 multi parameter water quality sensor, red tide buoy for on-site rapid monitoring of red tide provide effective technical platform. Seven items such as depth, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, chlorophyll, DO and pH are mounted in AAQ171. Performance index and usage in the red tide buoy of each item were introduced. Water quality data can serve for the marine environmental protection and marine resource exploitation.

Abstract: As an ideal place of residence, eco-city makes a very important role in human life. The residents' production and life and eco-city’s construction and development are closely linked. Research on the main parts and their functions of an eco-city system is very essential to the study of eco-city. In this paper, we propose a four-dimensional model of eco-city that includes non-governmental organizations, government, business and residents. Based on this model, we analyze the importance and functions of the four main parts, and describe the evolution of the model in eco-city’s every stage of development.

Abstract: Lingjian creek is an important branch of the Li-river.It has been badly polluted because of lacking of controlling the waste water emissions in recent years.This paper provides some countermeasure and advice about how to control the waste water emissions strictly through monitoring each section of Lingjian creek, analyzing the comprehensive pollution condition, the pollution characteristics and pollution regularity. The results show that:TN and TP are the most serious problems. The average value of TP is 4.5mg/L which is as much as five-times higher and TN is even as much as seventy-times higher. The comprehensive pollution index from high to low is: TN, TP, COD and TOC. Nitrogen and phosphorus sources are the main pollution sources.The author hopes to provide some suggestions not only for protecting Lingjian creek and Lijiang river, but also for keeping the sustainable development of Guiling tourism.

Abstract: Soil corrosion is the main reason of corrosion failure for substation grounding grids. To explore electrochemical evaluation method for soil corrosion of substation grounding grids would effectively ensure the safe operation of power grids. This paper discussed the main several kinds of soil corrosive electrochemical research methods and application. These methods played an important role on researching soil corrosion mechanism, soil corrosivity and corrosion behavior.

Abstract: By means of analysising the characteristics of oily-sewage, the treatment process, the sewage stability characteristic of each device, It is evaluated of the stability of treatment process and pointed out the problem in the systemsof water treatment process. The results show that through the method of reducing the particle size of the filter media, optimizing the pharmaceutical system, as well as strengthen the management of the processing system. The suspended solids content, oil content, total iron content of sewage station effluent quality has reduced form 40mg/L~60mg/L、150~170mg/L,15.56mg/L~17.44mg/L to 0.7~0.9mg/L (≤ 1.0mg/L), 2.0~4.3mg/L (≤ 5mg/L), 0.09~0.32mg/L (≤ 0.5mg/L) fromexceed standard before improvement, reaching the reinjection standard.