Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 316-317

Abstract: Wenchuan earthquake triggered floods, landslide, collapse and secondary geological disaster,trigger a new soil and water loss, having the significant influence to the local river water quality.According to shaba and jiangyou station 2006 January to 2011 December flow and sediment concentration data for statistical analysis, this paper discusses the disaster area river water and sediment changes on the influence of river water quality before and after the earthquake. Results show that,the monthly average flow change trend does not take place obvious change before and after the earthquake,during the earthquake the monthly average sediment concentration is higher than any other in the same period of monthly average sediment concentration,jiangyou station and shaba station the average daily flow rate on May has no obvious change before and after earthquake, the earthquake for different regional influence is different , different regions of different section of the average sediment coefficient has certain space diversity,in jiangyou station the average sediment coefficient before the earthquake is more than the average sediment coefficient after the earthquake but the change of average sediment coefficient in shaba station was not significant before and after the earthquake.

Abstract: A biologically aerated filter (BAF) is a novel, flexible and effective bioreactor that provides a small footprint process option at various stages of wastewater treatment. Double layers of activated carbon and ceramsite were applied in the biological aerated filter reactor. An experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions to investigate the treatment efficiencies at different air/liquid ratios. The experimental results obtained showed that air/liquid ratio had a greater effect on NH4+–N removal than COD removal. More than 80% ammonia nitrogen was removed at 2 of air/liquid ratio. However, less than 50% COD was removed at 2 of air/liquid ratio.

Abstract: on the basis of the measurement of ecological parameters by using remote sensing technology, combined with ecological method and Landsat–7 ETM +, we made a quantitative measurement of ecological assets of Sanjiang Plain in 2010, got the spatial distribution of ecological assets. The results show that: the value of ecological assets in Sanjiang Plain was 2.35 × 1012 yuan. The value was generally higher in the southern and lower in the northern parts of the study area. Baoqing has the highest sum value and Youyi has the lowest value than other areas. Forestlands have higher value of ecological assets than other land use types. Land use type may be the mainly reason for the spatial difference of ecological assets in Sanjiang Plain.

Abstract: Effects of nitrogen on uptake, accumulation and partitioning of zinc throughout the development of wheat were studied under pot-culture conditions. The results showed that under low zinc application (0.2 mg kg-1) the grain zinc content increased by 140% when nitrogen fertilizer increased from 50 mg kg-1 to 150 mg kg-1. Under high zinc application (5 mg kg-1) the grain zinc content increased by 61%. Increasing nitrogen application under low zinc fertilizer, the grain zinc mainly comes from the root zinc uptake. While increasing nitrogen application under high zinc fertilizer, the grain zinc mainly comes from the straw zinc remobilization.

Abstract: Wind power is an important type of renewable energy sources. In this passage we will apply Life Cycle Assessment to analyze the four stages of wind power generation，which are production of raw materials, transportation, build-operate process of wind plants and demolition stages, calculate the energy consumption and the environmental impact, set a contrastive analysis between coal-fired power plants and wind power plants. We will take WangHaiSi Wind Plant in Faku, Shenyang as an example to show the difference between the two ways of getting power. The analysis shows that: in comparison with coal-fired generation, wind power generation saves more energy and reduces emissions of pollutants markedly; the main energy consumption comes from production of raw materials, which takes 79.3% of the total energy consumption throughout the life cycle. In the meantime, the large amount of ecological resources consumption from construction, operation and maintenance of wind plants leads to mass emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, which respectively take 67.3% and 96.6% of total emissions. Besides, wind generation only accounts for 0.93%, 0.89% and 2.72% of energy consumption, global warming potential (GWP) and acid potential (AP) of coal-fired power generation. Thus, it proved that wind power generation has lesser impacts on environment than coal-fired power generation. However, it is still of great necessity to strengthen the environmental protection measures to reduce the consumption and destroy of ecologic resources.

Abstract: The seawater quality in Tianjin offshore area from 2006a to 2007a was evaluated based on the Grey Clustering Method (GCM). The results showed that pollution was serious in the northern coast of the study area, but other areas had good water quality. After analyzing, we found that both the selected environmental factors and the factor numbers for evaluation affected result of grey clustering, especially when the environmental factors were of great difference in the pollution level. Further study is recommended to improve and perfect the grey clustering method in order to get more unified application, and it is also beneficial for the comparison of different results.

Abstract: Coking wastewater's components are complex, leading to treatment difficulties. Preparing the wastewater to slurries with low-rank bitumite can not only transform the high pollution components to simple and easy-treated inorganic molecules, but also utilize the heat it creates, and at the meanwhile expand the low-rank bitumite's application scope. Three coking wastewater samples of different treating depth, from a coking plant in Tangshan, were prepared slurries with a low-rank bitumite from a mine in Shanxi, and the slurries' rheological and temperature-depended properties were also tested. The results indicated that: preparing slurries with the feed of clean-room can optimize the flow-ability of which is with clean water; the viscosities reduce when heating the slurries, until the temperature increase over a unique value; the change pattern of the viscosity is depended on the properties of the interstitial water, water film and dispersant molecules by heating the slurries.

Abstract: The treatment object of this paper is eutrophic organic wastewater, put forth effort to research a processing mode which is low energy consumption, high efficiency, construction and operation cost less .Due to the eutrophic wastewater not only contains a lot of organic matter ,but also contains rich nitrogen and phosphorus ,the effect not beautiful when using general anaerobic treatment .Based on the step anaerobic reaction and step aerobic reaction processing way, through the experiment proved that this method not only can effectively remove organic matter in water pollution, but also can produce methane to use .

Abstract: The removal effect of simulation waste gas from laboratory, and the removal ability of benzene, toluene, xylene, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and methane were studied in a biofilter tower. During the stable running period, the results showed that the removal efficiency of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) remained above 85%, when the inlet concentrations were 124~380 mg۰m-3. The removal efficiency of hydrophilic pollutants were higher than that of hydrophobic pollutants. The results proved that the biofilter tower was feasible to remove the organic waste gas from laboratory.

Abstract: The paper presents a novel method for the separation/enrichment of trace Co2+ using microcrystalline phenolphthalein modified with 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ) prior to the determination by spectrophotometry. The effects of different parameters,such as the dosages of phenolphthalein and HQ,various salts and acidity on the enrichment yield of Co2+ have been investigated to select the experimental conditions. The possible enrichment mechanism of Co2+ was discussed.The results showed that under the optimum conditions, Co2+ could be quantificationally adsorbed on the surface of microcrystalline phenolphthalein in the form of the chelate precipitate of Co(HQ)2 ,while K+,Na+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Cd2+,Zn2+,Mn2+,Fe2+ and Al3+ could not be adsorbed at all.Therefore,Co2+ was completely separated from the above metal ions in the solution. A new method for the spectrophotometric determination of trace cobalt after separation/enrichment using microcrystalline phenolphthalein modified with 8-hydroxyquinoline was established.The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of Co2+ in various environmental water samples, and the results agreed well with those obtained by FAAS method.