The Effects of Mini Implant and Anterior Arch Hook Heights on En Masse Retraction: A Finite Element Analysis

Abstract:

Introduction: An en-masse retraction with mini implant (MI) anchorage may be associated with unwanted intrusion/extrusion and uncontrolled tipping of anterior teeth. An optimum combination of MIs and hooks heights is required for proper treatment results. Materials and Methods: Maxillary finite element models were constructed from a cone beam CT scan of a patient’s orofacial region. The initial tooth displacement at 200g force with 0.019 × 0.025-in stainless steel working archwires engaged in 0.022 brackets slot was assessed. The three-dimensional displacement was examined at various MI and AAH heights. Results: The lower MI position caused extrusion of the central incisors, but the teeth were intruded at higher (6- and 8-mm) MI heights. While the shorter (2- and 4-mm) hooks extruded the central incisors, the higher (6- and 8-mm) intruded the teeth. The higher MI and hooks reduced the palatal tipping of central incisors. The distobucal cusp of the first molar was intruded, while the mesiobucal cusp was extruded in all models: Nonetheless, the shorter hooks and low MI had small molar tipping effects. Conclusions: The higher MIs caused intrusion and less palatal tipping of the central incisors crowns. The increase in hook height resulted into extrusion and reduction in palatal tipping of the central incisors crowns.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 461)
• Pages: 993-1001
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.461.993
• Online since: November 2013
• Authors: Wen Wen Deng, Fang Wang, Ferdinand M. Machibya, Shang Gao, Xiao Long Wang, Min Hu
• Keywords: En-Masse Retraction, Finite Element Analysis (FEA), Mini-Implant

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