Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 824

Abstract: It is necessary to stabilize individual layers of flat roofs, mainly because of wind suction. Apart from anchoring and surcharge, these layers can be secured by bonding. At present gluing is an indispensable and widely used stabilization method. Bonding of the individual layers can be done using many types of quality adhesives and certainly also using available alternatives in the form of cheaper products, but with the problem of functional warranty. Designing a proper amount of adhesive is another matter. Manufactures of adhesives recommend adequate amounts that should be used, but they do not define the necessary strength of the connection. There are many adhesives usable for this purpose, which can be divided by material, price or quality. This paper focuses on polyurethane glue that is commonly used in the industry. We have created a set of experimental models using this adhesive and measured the strength of the connection

Abstract: The construction of the Royal Corpus Christi College-Seminary in Valencia was begun in the late sixteenth century. The building was designed in accordance with the principles laid down by the Council of Trent and explained in detail in a treatise by Saint Charles Borromeo. In the present study a laser scanner was used to achieve a high degree of accuracy in tracing the building's outer walls and internal floor plan. The two most important of the outer walls, the south and west, were given special attention as regards regulating lines and different proportional relationships.

Abstract: Use of clay plasters in the exterior forces owners to conduct frequent maintenance of the plaster’s surface, which may be damaged by the weather. This paper describes partial results of the research, which strives to develop cost-efficient hydrophobic additives to increase service life of exterior clay plasters. We have chosen 7 hydrophobic materials and added them to the reference prefabricated plaster mixture. Samples of the enhanced plaster were tested to evaluate the additives’ impact on the overall mechanical, thermal and moisture characteristics of the plaster. Long-term testing of the best hydrophobic additives will follow to verify their properties in real buildings. Clay plasters play a significant role for the healthy indoor climate due to the influence on the stability of the indoor temperature and humidity.

Abstract: Bulk density and moisture content are factors that significantly affect the physical properties of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) including thermal conductivity and other thermo-technical characteristics. This article shows the results of measurements of compressive strength, capillary absorption, water absorption and porosity of AAC (ash on fluidized fly ash) at different bulk density and also the results of thermal conductivity of AAC at different bulk density and variable moisture content of the material. The thermo-technical properties were measured using the Isomet 2104, a portable measuring device. Acquired results demonstrate dependence of physical properties including thermal conductivity of AAC on bulk density and moisture content. The reliability and accuracy of the method of measuring was also shown.

Abstract: Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary, cross-cutting technology and incorporates a number of other areas. There are several definitions for it. Nanomaterials are now used for many purposes and in almost all industries, healthcare, engineering, construction, chemical industry, automobile industry to the aerospace industry. Construction is one of the industrial sectors that among the first identified nanotechnology as a promising technology. Nanotechnology, Department of the 21st century, has already become almost a normal part of construction.

Abstract: Under the concept of sustainable construction it is necessary to establish harmonized indicators, standards and methods for assessing the impact of building products and technological processes of the construction industry on the environment. One of the basic commodity that have a significant impact on the environment is construction waste and his recycling options. Concrete aggregate (RCA), which can be made from concrete elements, has a great potential in reducing the volume of landfills and full re-using of concrete rubble. It can also fulfill sustainability criteria for construction by the re-use of this stony concrete components. The study takes into account local characteristics RCA, but the aim is to globalize outcomes and evaluate them, especially for parameterization used in the design phase of building information modeling.

Abstract: The article is focused on stucco elements. Contemporary process of shaping stucco elements has not been considerably changed from traditional methods nevertheless, due to new materials and new technologies, we can achieve new shapes and new possibilities of applications. The most important material for stucco forms today is silicon. The crucial quality of silicon is its hardness. The silicon forms made from silicon with lower hardness are suitable for stucco elements with more complicated details than what was possible in past. The article presents selected samples of work and solutions of contemporary stucco elements, and discusses the ways how they are currently made.

Abstract: Like the foundation structure, their proper design and good execution plays an important role in the issue of durability of structures, it is also very important to properly design and implement the base layer of foundation structures. Usually, the base layer formed viable subsoil, which are located in the subsoil. Substructure then form the base layer interaction system. The subsoil is not always such a layer that would allow the establishment directly to solid ground. Also, the material (mass concrete, reinforced concrete) foundation structures determines whether it is possible to establish a building directly on the hard soil or underlayer is necessary. Often such a base layer performs building materials arising as waste during mining (eg. coal) or as waste generated in blast furnaces (slag). Often the buildings are well established on the embankments. Individual types of base layers (subsoil) will be evaluated by a team of experts. The team consisted of 43 experts. These experts conducted an evaluation of each type of subsoil individually using the universal matrix of risk analysis - Umra. Umra method is based on the principle of comparative logical and numerical analysis assessing the degree (severity) of a danger to the the project or its component parts. A team of experts assesses the identified part of the problem (the project), which is subject to a certain risk. Number of parts of the problem evaluated by a team of experts is arbitrary, with different (or identical) parts can be handled independently by different expert teams with different number of experts.

Abstract: Over the centuries, stone as the elementary building material has not only been the substance used for constructing buildings but also the subject of arts and crafts. Aesthetics of stone has come into use in the Middle Ages, Renaissance and Baroque as well as architectural works implemented in the 19^th and 20^th century. The diversity of use but mostly the range of stone masonry and elements in the whole volume of our architectural heritage is forcing us to look for effective protection methods. The deterioration of stone structures most frequently encountered include undoubtedly the undesired water intrusion and dampness which ultimately precludes habitability of interiors, causes the loss of thermo-physical properties as well as static distortion of the object. There are multiple methods of excessive dampness rehabilitation, which are, however, in case of valuable and protected works of architecture, limited to technological procedures in compliance with the principles of heritage protection. On the case studies of redevelopment of the burgher house in Banská Štiavnica and the Prónay manor house in Lučenec, we will present the available methods of rehabilitation and determinants for utilisation of the selected method.

Abstract: To full utilization of crushed straw in civil engineering industry is necessary to know its technical parameters. During previous projects on VŠB – TUO, Faculty of Civil Engineering have found parameters like settlement, thermal conductivity or airborne sound insulation. The research on these parameters have had favorable results, therefore the research is going on and other characteristics of crushed straw are finding out. These days the research team deals with determination of important fire characteristics of crushed straw. Fire characteristics play substantial character by building materials and their design in buildings. Nature materials are generally regarded as flammable. If some material is pressed, the same rule as in the phonebook – if you ignite one sheet of paper, it burns. But if you try to ignite the whole phonebook, it will be not so easy. This article is reported the first step of research on the reaction to fire. This is the preliminary classification of crushed straw into reaction to fire. The test was made according to methods which are described below. There are some changes in methods due to different structures of crushed straw.