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A Dual-System Approach to Enhancing Renewable Energy Capture and Peer-to-Peer Distribution for Residential Communities in Nigeria

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Abstract:

In Nigeria's residential communities, there is an inequity in electricity distribution systems and a lack of transparency in billing practices. Furthermore, traditional solar panels have limited efficiency due to their static positioning, which results in minimal energy capture. This paper proposes a dual-system approach that integrates a smart solar tracking system with a peer-to-peer (P2P) energy-sharing platform to enhance renewable energy capture, ensure fair power distribution, and provide an avenue for income generation. An Arduino Uno microcontroller was used for the solar tracking system, light-dependent resistors (LDRs) were used to measure the intensity of the sun, and servo motors were used to align solar panels for optimal sunlight exposure, thereby improving energy capture efficiency by up to 60%. The P2P energy distribution system, managed by an ESP32 microcontroller, enables equal and monitored energy sharing among tenants through a web dashboard and adaptive energy distribution algorithms. An intrusion detection system, utilizing an ultrasonic sensor, was used to alert the owner in the event of hardware tampering. The system's ability was confirmed through early testing, which supports essential energy needs, such as lighting and device charging, while promoting equitable access to energy. This project demonstrates the potential of combining smart solar tracking with a monitored P2P energy-sharing network to address Nigeria's energy challenges. The plan is to focus on prototype development, field testing, and scaling for broader adoption.

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Periodical:

Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 933)

Pages:

143-154

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-YIrZ8U

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Online since:

February 2026

Authors:

Umar Adetola Abdulganiyy*, Muhammad Tariq Abdulraheem, Ridwan Nasirudeen

Keywords:

Arduino Uno, Energy Efficiency, ESP32, Intrusion Detection, Peer-to-Peer Energy Sharing, Renewable Energy, Solar Tracking

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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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* - Corresponding Author

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