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Modeling and Investigation of 3D Printing Parameters on the Melt Flow Behavior of Polylactic Acid

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Abstract:

3D printing parameters such as printing temperatures and speeds play a vital role in the melt flow and printability of thermoplastic filaments in fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. Inappropriate print settings mainly induce incomplete and poor printing quality due to melt flow instability. This research work focused on modeling the melt flow behavior of polylactic acid (PLA) at different printing temperatures and speeds using computer fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The shear stress and viscosity of PLA were investigated by a melt flow indexer (MFI) and rheometer in temperature ranges of 200 - 240 °C. A model of a capillary tube in MFI was set up with an initial condition of rheological properties from the experiment to simulate the hot melt extrusion relating to the melt flowability of PLA filaments. The high shear stress and low viscosity presented at the edge of filaments at every printing condition. Additionally, the shear stress and viscosity decreased linearly when the printing temperature increased, while the shear stress increased when the printing speed increased. The increase in shear stress caused high surface roughness of PLA specimens after printing. The findings can guide the optimization of the FFF 3D printing process to improve surface finish quality.

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Periodical:

Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 935)

Pages:

229-234

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-K45jQ9

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Online since:

April 2026

Authors:

Peeraphat Suttipong, Chuanchom Aumnate, Jitrawee Suk-Em, Jennarong Tungtrongpairoj*

Keywords:

3D Printing, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Melt Flow Behavior, Numerical Simulation, Polylactic Acid

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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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* - Corresponding Author

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