Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1041

Abstract: Daylighting is one of the important factors in the internal environment of buildings. The quality and quantity of daylighting depends on many factors including distances, heights, shapes and reflectance of surrounding external obstacles and ground reflectance. The quantity of daylighting is evaluated using the Daylight Factor. The case study carried out on a lighting simulation software and presented in this article demonstrates the influence of the light reflectance of external surfaces on the Daylight Factor. The aim of the article is the comparison and evaluation of the impact of the light reflectance of the external surfaces on the Daylight Factor.

Abstract: Examination, design and control of internal light conditions belong to important actual architectural issues. In most cases the reason is increasingly growing interest in non-visual response of human on the ambient light properties. Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) is assumed to be caused by complex of inappropriate indoor environment circumstances. Unsuitable light conditions are regarded to be one of them. This paper deals with comparison of internal light parameters such as photopic illuminance level E_V, Spectral Power Distribution (SPD) and definition of peak wavelength value recorded in tested office rooms, which were scaled down to models for easier handling. Models are equipped with different selected colored wallpapers and flooring materials, whereby one model remains with all surfaces in neutral colors. The outputs of measured parameters are compared with each other and also with outdoor levels of the same light properties. There is also defined filtration efficacy of blue light component assumed to be most effective for controlling of non-visual sensoring system of human body. This observation may provide more complex overview on selection of internal surfaces colors in long-term occupied spaces, taking health and wellbeing into consideration.

Abstract: The study capability of pupils depends on many factors. One of the factors is the level and the quality of daylighting in classrooms. The daylighting quality is particularly important for very young pupils in primary schools and nurseries. This article deals with natural light in classrooms with different school equipment and furniture and various parameters of window constructions.

Abstract: This paper discusses tube transmission efficiency of two straight hollow light guides. Two samples with diameter of 530 mm and length 1170 mm were investigated under the artificial sky in the laboratory at ICA SAS in Bratislava. The entering luminous flux was calculated from measured illuminance in the point located on the top of light guide. Below the bottom of the light guide was located a set of measuring points on the special construction in the shape of a cross. In these points, one by one, the elementary illuminances were measured and the luminous fluxes leaving the light guide were calculated. Paper presents methodology for laboratory light transmission measurements and discusses effects of two various coating materials on light transmission efficiency of hollow light guides.

Abstract: The article addresses the problem of noise from the perspective of protected building space near the construction. If they are near a building already populated, the residents should not be exposed to elevated noise burden, and according to Government Regulation No. 272/2011 of 24 August 2011 on health protection before adverse effects of noise and vibrations, which are set noise limits. In the process optimization production planning is therefore necessary to address the areas of in-situ noise, its creation, modeling, design methodologies to assess the overall noise at the site. The Article analyzed the issue introduction of new approaches when optimizing for the site and the necessity aspects of noise pollution site in construction technological preparations for the construction. The article defines in detail the sources of noise during construction, dealing with modeling of site noise sources and the value of the protected space structures. It presents examples of noise studies, where captured effect of noise on the nearest places protected sites and residential areas. Presents the methodology of work with the values of the inputs and outputs when working with software support.

Abstract: This article seeks to highlight the problem regarding noise emitted by chain saws and then solves the limitation of noise, but also try out the various elements that should prevent the spread of noise from those tools. The issue is solved in terms of the applicable standard requirements. It describes elements that were used as to prevent spreading noise. Finally, results from measurements demonstrate applicability of proposed elements in terms of reduction of sound power level. This article deals with the construction noise and builds on ongoing research in this area. For this research can then make some other experiments, follow up on the results.

Abstract: Noise in residential buildings should be assessed not only in terms of impact on health, safety and performance of inhabitants, but also for the “value” of the building (apartment) in a certain environment. Building energetic certification implementation is one of the first compulsory legislative evaluation criteria. This paper wants to draw the attention to the need for vibro-accoustic building (apartment) certification. Presented tabular evaluation is an objective evaluation. The reason for that are the tendencies related to noise in environment: increased number and levels of noise sources in buildings’ exterior and interior, increasing demands for sound insulation of building structures and growing number of “noise” complaints.

Abstract: The paper discusses measures to reduce the negative effects of tram traffic on residential house in Ostrava, where the tram line passes through the street area located under the structure of the house see Figure 1.Fig. 1 House No. 1340 in Ostrava affected by vibrations from rail transportThe lines of urban railways are often kept at densely built-up areas, often in close proximity to the buildings. It is necessary to put a high emphasis on protection against noise and vibration. In case of structures for residential buildings it has a negative effect on residents. An efficient way to reduce the vibration levels of the protected structure and thus the secondary noise is elastic foundation structure as a whole to its support structure. But in practice, we need to solve the problem of the ex post, i.e. when the structure of a residential building already exists.To reduce the transmission of vibrations to the structure was carried out technical measures for vibration attenuation along the route of the spread it is the path from the source to the protected structure. Railway track was imposed on rubber anti-vibration mats under gravel bed of tram line. Furthermore, the test sections were established in order to test the application of different materials used as a grout space between the rails and the surrounding environment and the reference section to compare the resulting data.Subsequently was held the measurement of noise and vibration. Vibrations were measured on the own construction of the house, also on the communication - vertical vibration near the track (30 cm far from the running rail track), these data present the transmission of vibration from the rail and sleepers in the immediate surroundings, measuring the vertical vibrations of the road (150 cm far from the running rail track in place that was not affected by reconstruction), these data present the transmission of vibration to the subsoil neighborhood.

Abstract: Natural eco-friendly materials are widely discussed topic nowadays, especially in the context of the implementation of European legislation into national legislation and with the increasing demands on the energy efficiency of buildings. The majority of builders still prefer the classical artificial materials. One of the reasons is the lack of technical information, particularly in the field of building acoustics and fire safety, which would be demonstrated by appropriate research. The aim of this study is to compare the acoustic properties of selected structures based on natural materials which are based on research results and a series of measurements with conventional materials to demonstrate their competitiveness.