Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1041

Abstract: The balcony is one of the main reasons of the increased heat loss. The presence of thermal bridge in constructions of balcony envelopes influences the energy consumption, durability of the building envelopes, and also the thermal comfort of occupants. If the balcony construction is performed of a metal back slab it would be hardly possible to avoid the formation of a powerful thermal bridge that will go along the whole balcony length. This problem could be solved by using of thermal insulating element for connecting cantilevered steel components to wall. An investigation into the various performance criteria concerning the effectiveness of steel balcony connections to reinforced concrete wall, has been carried out in our article.

Abstract: Energy savings led to design requirements for buildings with thermally insulated envelopes. Window glazing with better thermal insulation properties have in many cases reduced transmittance of solar radiation. They decrease solar thermal gains and daylight level in buildings. A study of influence of selected windows on solar gains and daylighting in a reference room is presented in the paper.

Abstract: Moisture is a major source of damage in historic solid masonry. Rising damp is a well-known phenomenon around the world and occurs when groundwater flows into the base of a construction and is allowed to rise through the pore structure. From practical experience it is known that many factors may play a role regarding permeability problems in masonry. The amount of possible causes of moisture problems in historic masonry underlines the complexity of this phenomenon. Evaporation is an important factor in rising damp. The surface of an affected wall contains moisture that has risen from the ground and this moisture is then subject to evaporation. The factors controlling evaporation include: temperature, humidity, air movement and surface.

Abstract: Renewal windows and doors in residential buildings is a big trend at present. On windows, as products, a number of strict requirements that are fulfilled during laboratory testing are placed. What is the real condition after installation in the construction The subject of this paper is the assessment of the tightness of replaced windows and doors in apartment situated in a prefabricated apartment building. For the diagnosis measuring devices Blower Door was used. At the same time scanning by infrared thermocamera was done. Critical points of leakage were detected. In the conclusion possibilities of solving leading to ensuring the required tightness are described.

Abstract: One of the current issues in the Czech building industry is the revitalization of buildings, or their outer shells, that were constructed before 1990. Vented facades are a suitable option. At present, the vast majority of such facades utilise mechanical joints; however, facades with bonded joints are also a suitable alternative. The following article, where the potential use of bonded joints in practice is verified via experimental measurements, deals with this technology in great detail. This article focuses on the preparation and subsequent production of test specimens, and also on the experimental verification of the bonding of substructure to cladding and the determination of shear strength under tensile stress at a temperature of (20 ± 3)°C and a relative humidity of (55 ± 10) %. For the tests, Cetris cement-bonded particleboard was chosen for the cladding and aluminium profiles for the supporting substructure. In order to find the most suitable connecting material, five types of industrial adhesives intended for structural bonding were selected. At the same time, emphasis was placed on featuring adhesives from various price categories. The test procedures verified the suitability of the selected adhesives for the chosen combination of materials, and the method also suggested that the use of the most expensive adhesive doesn ́t always provide the best results.

Abstract: Improving properties of materials is an integral part of almost of all remedial interventions; one of the most challenging remediation is the remediation of damp masonry. With the development of advanced technologies in the field of remedial chemicals there is one of the increasingly used methods – the method of high-pressure chemical grouting. Its use, however, raises the question how to control the quality of the design. This article deals with the possibility of mathematical modeling of grouting design of damp masonry and using the indirect method based on infrared radiation for subsequent checks.

Abstract: Underfloor air cavities are commonly used in connection with remedial treatments of damp masonry, especially in historic buildings, but in new buildings respectively, and further also by the realization of foundation boards, and as a protection against radon. The materials used can be original, but it is also possible to use modern special shaped units. To assessment the airflow in the air cavity the recently often used CFD simulations can be employed. The application of simple geometric models can accurately confirm or refute the appropriateness of a proposed solution. Of the two completed simulations, the first overall geometry of a modeled house, ascertains the actual pressure on the walls due to wind effects. Results from the first simulation are applied as boundary conditions, where the geometric model represents the underfloor air cavity created from special shaped units. The overall geometric models are simulated by a different intensity of outdoor wind flow.

Abstract: Not only in Austria but also in EU and worldwide is the problem concerning restoration of old buildings very present. In the soaked massive brick walls are very often, moist caused, low thermal resistance and very low surface temperature, especially in the walls corner. At the Research Centre of Building Physics, TU Vienna, was an investigation carried out, which should act solution to this problem. To compensate thermal deficits of a cold wall corner (thermal bridge) area a linear heating component has been studied in the form of a pipe-in-pipe system, which raises the temperature of the wall corner and prevents the condensation. Through a targeted local heat supply, the necessary heating power is registered, within the temperature doesn’t fall below the critical value, at which it can come to building of condense water or to formation of mould. The calculations performed with a COMSOL program were carried out using tests on a real object. Thus, the calculated and the measured values could be compared. The first results can be seen as promising in terms of heating power saving, where you don’t need to heat the whole room to a high temperature. Through the selective heat power supply in the corner area thermal bridge effect will be eliminated.

Abstract: Industry since its origin gradually takes typical characteristics which interfere into the economics of a country, it has a specific localisation and its own identity. Nowadays a problematic old industry on one hand creates a potential of lucrative areas in the cities and on the other hand it is itself a carrier of culture and historic values. That is why it is necessary so that the values which it represents are presented to the wide public and not only to a relatively narrow circle of specialists. From the nowadays view, industrial has got a new dimension of equivalence with architectonic sights of modern. The content of article is aimed at methodology of concept creation of changing the objects from potentials of usage of objects, level of adaptability of construction and innovation of original details to determination of alternative procedures.

Abstract: This paper shows partial results of IEA ECBCS Annex 56 which deals with energy-, economically-and environmentally-efficient renovations of buildings. It describes one of the assessed case studies - renovation of elementary school Kamínky 5 in Brno-Nový Lískovec, Czech Republic into low-energy standard. The school was built in 1959 and renovated in 2009 and 2010. The renovation significantly reduced energy consumption of the school. The energy consumption (heat, electricity) as well as environmental performance (represented by CO₂ emissions, non-renewable and cumulative energy demand) of the school, both before and after the renovation, is described in detail in the paper. Data about the energy consumption are based on audits and financial reports that has been provided by the Borough Office Brno – Nový Lískovec. Data for the environmental assessment are taken from renovation‘s designs (provided by design office Menhir project s. r. o.) and in-situ inspection.