Effect of Solid Reaction Temperature on the Cation Mixing and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi_0.4Co_0.2Mn_0.4O₂ Catode Materials in High Energy Li-Ion Batteries

Abstract:

A LiNi_0.4Co_0.2Mn_0.4O₂ material was prepared via the co-precipitation in solution and ensuing solid reaction of the prepared precursors with LiOH.H₂O, investigating the influence of solid reaction temperature on the cation mixing and electrochemical performance of the materials as a cathode. The results show that Li⁺/Ni²⁺ cation mixing decreases with the increase of calcination temperature in the range of 700-900°C, and the lower degree of cation mixing can improve 2D layered structure and make the material more stable. The discharge capacity and the capacity retention rate of the material is strongly impacted by the reaction temperature.The powders calcined at 900°C show the best electrochemical performance and the initial discharge capacity is 163.1mA·h/g, after 40 cycles, the capacity retention rate is 93.9%.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 1058)
• Pages: 312-316
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1058.312
• Online since: November 2014
• Authors: Lin Zhang, Fei Luo, Xing Shuai Zhang, Yu Zhong Guo*
• Keywords: Calcination Temperature, Cation Mixing, Cycleability, LiNi_xCo_1-2xMn_xO₂

References

[1] Cha J, Kim TJ, Park B. J Electrochem Soc, 2002, 149(3): A288-A292.

[2] Sun YK, Yoon CS, Lee YS. Electrochimica Acta, 2003, 48: 2589-2592.

[3] Bok JS, Lee JH, Lee BK. Solid State Ionics, 2004, 169: 139-144.

[4] Politaev VV, Petrenko AA, Nalbandyan VB, J. Solid State Chemistry, 2007, 180: 1045-1050.

[5] Y.M. Todorov, K. Numata, Electrochim. Acta 50 (2004) 495-501.

[6] He Yu-shi, PEi Li, Liao Xiao-zhen, MA Zi-feng. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 2007, 128: 139-143.

[7] Liu DT, Wang ZX, Chen LQ. Electrochimica Acta, 2006, 51: 4199-4203.

[8] Youngsik K, Hyljn SK, Steve WM. Electrochimica Acta, 2006. 52: 1316-1322.

[9] C.X. Ding, Q.S. Meng, L. Wang, C.H. Chen, Mater. Res. Bull. 44 (2009) 492-498.

[10] Y. Ding, P. Zhang, Y. Jiang, Solid State Ionics 178 (2007) 967971-967976.

[11] Y. Gao, M.V. Yakovleva, W.B. Ebner, Electrochem. Solid State Lett. 1 (1998)117-119.

[12] P. Samarasingha, D. Hang, T. Nguyen, A. Wijayasinghe, Electrochim. Acta 53 (2008)7995-8000.

[13] R. Santhanam, B. Rambabu, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 4 (2009) 1770-1778.

[14] Y.M. Todorov, K. Numata, Electrochim. Acta 50 (2004) 495-499.

[15] Q. Liu, H. Liu, X. Zhou, C. Cong, Solid State Ionics 176 (2005) 1549-1556.

[16] C. Deng, S. Zhang, B. Wu, S.Y. Yang, H.Q. Li, J. Solid State Electrochem. 14 (2010).