Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1065-1069

Abstract: The sewage diffusion is an environmental material for protecting marine environment. It plays an important role in port engineering. Its effect under deep water was carried out between different diffuser design parameters based on the hydraulic model test, and YangKou port sewage marine disposal project phase I was taken as an example. For this project, jet angle was controlled to be 0 degree, and horizontal angle was controlled to be 0 degree. It not only can ensure that sewage fully diluted mixed, also can avoid the premature convergence and sewage lifting. It is feasible for selecting large angle nozzle under deep water and there are some technical bases have been provided for other sewage marine disposal project.

Abstract: There are many methods of municipal solid waste disposal, among them, one of the most convenient methods is landfill. However, leachate and landfill gas produced in the process of landfill cause secondary pollution and endanger human health. As landfill site working, there are some problems, such as fire and explosion, collapse of garbage body and other safety hidden trouble. In order to solve the safety problems during the process of landfill, the manuscript analyzed the reasons of the safety accidents from people’s unsafe behavior, unsafe status of machinery, material or environment, defect in safety management, also proposed the management strategies from landfill design and management .

Abstract: Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), a sensor with all weather and day and night working capacity, has been considered one of the most powerful tools for sea surface oil spill detection. However, lookalikes frequently appear in SAR images, limiting the operational use of SAR to detect oil spilled at sea. 20 scenes of Envisat ASAR images, which were acquired during the oil spill accident in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, are utilized, with the objective to study how to better differentiate oil spills from lookalikes. 145 and 134 samples for oil spill and lookalike, respectively, are extracted, and their object-based geometric, physical and textural features are analyzed, in order to find the most effective features for oil spill classification. Based on the results of feature analysis, fuzzy logic (FL) is employed to construct a classifier for oil spill detection. One advantage of the proposed method is that it can produce the crisp probability of a dark segment being oil spill. The experiment shows that our method can derive promising result.

Abstract: Effects of additives WEC on strength properties of second fiber were investigated in this study. For single use of WEC02A, the improvement of ring crush index was most remarkable, which increased by 21% for bottom pulp and 31% for surface pulp. Significant increase was also achieved in burst index while the improvement of tightness and folding endurance was not obvious. Besides, combined use of 0.2% WEC02 and 0.3% WEC03S improved folding endurance, burst index and ring crush index of pulp by remarkable 105%, 23% and 52%, respectively, showing a great performance for pulp strength enhancement, being beneficial to broadening the utilization of second fiber.

Abstract: A 3D model is used to simulate free burning arc, and the influence of external environment to arc channel are discussed. The commercial CFD code FLUENT is used to model the plasma and the solid anode part. The cross-flow (2m/s, 5m/s, and 10m/s) and external magnetic fields (2mT, 5mT, and 10 mT) are applied to deflect arc. And then the condition they work together have also be discussed. Because the mechanisms of the influence are different, they only influences are reflect on the arc root displacement. The influence of arc root displacement to potential drop has been explained.

Abstract: In the present investigation, the distribution features of particulate matter in residential environment is researched. Using computational fluid dynamics technique, we have considered lots of different conditions such as wind speed, direction and diameter of particulate. It can be concluded that both the wind speed and direction have a significant influence on the spreading process of the particulate. And lots of experimental data are given to reflect the influence by different conditions, also the detailed analysis be.

Abstract: The distribution of particulate matters is now receiving significant attention given their role in human health and respiratory related diseases. The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 were measured in different test points near the road. Two sampling campaigns were conducted in this study. The results indicated that a gradual decrease in the concentrations of particulate matters with distance from the edge of the road. The concentrations of these particulates decreased with the increase of height when the sites were under trees or other vegetations, while the concentrations of these particulates increased with the increase of height when the sites were higher than the height of trees or other vegetations.

Abstract: High-salt organic liquid waste treatment was a worldwide problem. It troubled many chemical industries such as medicine, pesticide, metallurgy, papermaking and dyeing. In this article, high temperature incineration technology, a new kind of process route was introduced. That’s especially suitable for organic liquid waste disposal while it divided into a variety of segmentation techniques routes. According to the types and amount of salt or different process routes, the incineration technology can turn organic waste liquid into harmless substances effectively. Meanwhile, salt resources and generate steam also be recycled in this processing as well as the gas emission was on standard. This article will contrast the different treatment methods of process routes for the route selection. By the summary of process optimization, these studies can provide strong support for decision-making in liquid waste incineration technology innovation and for applications planning.

Abstract: The flow regime is a critical factor in the sustained ecological integrity of flowing water systems. The Yangtze River is the most important river in China. The Three Gorges Reservoir greatly changed the flow regime of the Yangtze River, resulting in effects on fish populations, particularly those of the four major Chinese carp (FMCC): black carp, grass carp, silver carp, and bighead carp. Spawning has dramatically decreased since the Three Gorges Reservoir was established in 2003.. Flow re-operation which raising duration time over 3 days and daily discharge change over 1000 m³/s/d were executed in 2012 for 2 times, This study investigated the impacts of flow regulation and re-operation on fish spawning, particularly for the FMCC, and validated the environmental factors that promote spawning of the FMCC. A significant difference in FMCC egg density was observed among five floods, and the FMCC mean egg density after the re-operation was nearly four times that of the regulation flood. A difference in community composition was observed between re-operation and regulation, indicating that the re-operation schedule was sufficient to change the egg community composition. The egg community was significantly correlated with water transparency, change in daily water discharge, and change in daily water level. The better regulation schedule we suggest was the mean daily discharge increase was approximately great than 2000 m³·s^-1·d^-1 but less than 3050 m³·s^-1·d^-1, and daily water level increase greater than 0.46 m·d^-1.

Abstract: A renovated hybrid membrane bioreactor (HMBR) was investigated for its capability of coking wastewater treatment. The HMBR combined biofilm process and membrane filtration process. The system was efficient in degrading COD and phenol in coking wastewater and controlling membrane. It was found that the coking wastewater could be effectively treated with 88.6% of COD removal efficiency and 98.3% of phenol removal efficiency at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 16 h. The removal efficiency of COD and phenol decreased gradually down to 83.2% and 97.7% when HRT decreased to 8 h. The long term experiments indicated that the degree of membrane fouling for HMBR was far lower than that for MBR. The scrubbing effect of suspended carrier in HMBR was observed to be capable of reducing the cake fouling of membrane. The operation time of HMBR was 8.4-fold longer than that with MBR.