Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1065-1069

Abstract: For the purpose of encouraging enterprises to save energy and reduce emissions from the internal demand and providing insight and inspiration to future study,this article not only describes the carbon finance coefficient model based on factors related to carbon finance but also establishes cost estimation model of carbon emissions according to the factors affecting the cost of carbon emissions and carbon finance coefficient.The resulted shows that carbon emissions currency cost namely the monetary costs of carbon emissions is the market value and the currency value of carbon emissions cost based on the financial market conditions.The result of the present work introduces that the cost of carbon emission has a correlation with prevention costs,cost control,carbon content,industrial added value,carbon finance index and so on so that governments and enterprises should take some measures such as perfecting carbon finance system and setting up the cost control of system consciousness to reduce the cost of carbon emissions and protect our environment.

Abstract: The performance of the electrode is the core technology of the electrolytic process of seawater pretreatment, and has the decisive influence on the systematic technological process and water quality. In the initial stage of electrolytic technology being applied in seawater pretreatment, soluble anodes, which use the aluminum, ferrum or other metal elements as the main ingredient, are chosen for most cases. And this method can effectively reduce the turbidity of raw seawater and sludge density index (SDI). While applying a variety of methods, the proportion of electrolytic aluminum, ferrum and other metal elements in the water can be effectively controlled. And this can increase the ratio of hydrolysate, but will also introduce the composition of soluble electrode into the seawater inevitably. At the same time, the use of soluble electrode will be consumed continuously with the production process, which is likely to add the cost of production. This study uses electrodes which contain a variety of precious metal (such as Ti, Ru, and Ir) oxide in the seawater pretreatment process, which is different from traditional chlor-alkali industry.

Abstract: This paper presents a newly developed riparian physical environment assessment method for evaluating of stream health. 10 indices and the level of the stream health by the scores were determined. 60 sites in the Han River Basin were monitored. The average level was 3, fair status. The stream sites at higher classes were distributed in the upper reach of the river basin. More than 70% of the surveyed riparian sites do not reach the ecological “good status” and have to be restored. The results of this study can be used as an evidence for the utility of this method to other stream sites for the following reasons, i.e., smaller number of indices and their intuitive expressions to increase the speed and accuracy of the monitoring, small variations between different monitoring results at the same sites, and minimum necessary information that should be examined.

Abstract: Ecological farm, as an organic combination of the first and third industry, has become the new favorite leisure of the citizens. This article introduces the definitions, functions and design points of ecological farm. Taking the vegetable technological and ecological farm at Dangwu town of Gui’an new area in Guizhou province as an example, the paper analyzes its base situations, program content and characteristics specifically. Then it summarizes the specific indexes and methods of eco-design and provides reference for planning ecological farms in future.

Abstract: For unstable high water ammonia shortcomings of soil infiltration system for rural sewage, one kind of new soil infiltration systems-two-stages soil aquifer treatment (SAT) system with pre-denitrification process was designed. The results show that when the hydraulic loading is within 0.06-0.08 m³/(m²·d), the effluent COD_Cr and NH₄⁺-N concentration reach GB18918-2002 level A standard, the removal rate is 91%-94% for COD_Cr and 95%-98% for NH₄⁺-N. The TN concentration is below 20 mg/L, meeting GB18918-2002 level B standard, and the removal rate is 71%-75%. The TN removal is dramatically affected by reflux ratio.

Abstract: In the present study, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) toxicity of lignite burning was investigated. Results showed the emissions of benzo [a] pyrene, benzo [a] anthracene, Fluoranthene, and dibenz [ah] anthracene were the dominant substances contributing to the PAHs potential human toxicity impact. By contrast, the substances of Naphthalene, Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene had the most important contributing to the overall PAHs emissions. These results indicate that high PAHs emissions are not necessarily results to high health impact. The health toxicity generated from lignite burning are significantly affected by the air input volume and the diameter of used lignite. The lowest PAHs emissions and highest health impact caused by PAHs were observed when air input is 2 m3/kg-lignite and 2.5m3/kg-lignite, respectively. In addition, an increasing tendency of PAHs toxicity with an increase in diameter of lignite for both emission and impact were observed.

Abstract: Because of the rapidly development of the tourism, the wetland has become the key resource for exploitation, which would result in variation of the factors and the wetland ecosystem. Among many ecological factors, herbaceous plant communities seem to be sensitive. Field investigation is an effective way to research the problems of the wetland. We analyzed the impacts on the herbaceous plant communities of the tourism exploitation in the Yellow River Wetland of Zhengzhou City based on the sample survey. It turns out: (1) Tourism activities affect the height of the herbaceous plant communities. The greater impact, the nearer the tourist route; (2) Tourism influence the coverage of the herbaceous plants; (3) It also effects the types and compositions of the herbaceous plant communities; (4) Tourism could promote the diversity of the herbaceous plant communities.

Abstract: The objective of our work is to test the performance of activated carbon on the elimination of humic substances by adsorption before chlorination in order to reduce the trihalomethane precursor of humic substances for two types of surface waters of Biskra region (South East of Algeria). During the chlorination, the results showed that the potential of consumption chlorine is very high for raw surface water tested and accompanied by a rather significant quantity of the trihalomethanes. The adsorption of humic substances on powder activated carbon showed that the activated carbon whatever its form effectively removes humic substances and the yield could reach 98%. For coupling adsorption / chlorination, the results showed that adsorption induced a significant and even a remarkable reduction in both of potential of chlorine consumption and the training potential of organochlorine compounds especially trihalomethanes.

Abstract: In this artical, we chose three key heavy mental pollutants from all kinds of pharmaceutical wastewaters: zinc, cadmium and mercury to study their effects on three antioxidant enzymes of Paramecium caudatum: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT). Results show that three pollutants can cause activity of three antioxidant enzymes significant changing. But the trends of POD are different from that of SOD and CAT. This result shows that there maybe a different protect mechanism between CAT, SOD and POD.

Abstract: Algicidal bacteria as part of the microbial populations in natural waters, is possible toinhibit the growth of algae or kill algae, dissolve algal cells in a direct or indirect way. In this study,four algicidal bacteria were isolated from cyanobacteria bloom water of Lake Dianchi, designated asDCJ-1, DCJ-2, DCJ-3, DCJ-4 respectively. The algicidal range and algicidal activity assay of the fouralgicidal bacteria showed that they have different algicidal range on the 10 tested algal species, whichstrain DCJ-2 has the best algicidal activity. The results indicated that bacterial strain DCJ-2 has highalgicidal activity against the Plectonema boryanum and exhibited algicidal activity through directattack. The lytic effect of strain DCJ-2 against Plectonema boryanum was time-dependent. It could be a potential bio-agent to control the blooms of cyanobacteria.