Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1065-1069

Abstract: Benzene derivatives and Ammonia contamination in University Laboratories can cause great harm to the researcher’s health. To investigate the status of air quality in the laboratory, Benzene derivatives and ammonia were monitored in a water analysis laboratory. Besides, the results of monitoring were analyzed to provide reference on the improvement of laboratory.

Abstract: In order to analyze the influence of temperature on evaporation of liquid propellant leaking jet, and to find measures to decrease the evaporation quantity, the mathematical model of the jet evaporation was established, and an example calculation was carried out by use of Fluent. The result shows that the evaporation quantity of propellant jet reduces obviously when the environmental temperature drops down, and it can be also reduced by using propellant with high boiling point.

Abstract: The washing process in batch experiments was conducted to investigate the performance of fermentation solution on removal copper(Cu) from vineyard soil. The effects of solid-liquid ratio, pH value and contact time on the removal capacities of Cu by fermentation solution had been studied. The results showed that the optimum solid-liquid ratio was 1:10 for soil treatment. The fermentation solution showed a better removal efficiency of Cu in alkaline conditions, getting the highest removal efficiency of 34.3%. In addition, with the increase of contact time, higher removal efficiency was obtained.

Abstract: The speciations of lead, zinc, arsenic from the skarn type scheelite flotation tailings of a Hubei Mining Co., Ltd were analysized on the ICP-AES spectroscopy, while the samples were prepared with the BCR three step extraction method proposed by the Standard Bureau of European Union and the improved BCR sequential extraction method proposed by Rauret.The results showed that: (1) The contents of arsenic, lead and zinc existing in Stable residual state, are 66.23%、41.44% and 36.34%, respectively, and the harmful elements in the tailings are basically stable under the normal environment conditions; (2)Lead in the exchangeable speciation with better activity occupies 24.61%,and the exchangeable speciation would be released out through the purification treatment of mineral processing wastewater and the placement clarification of the tailings to improve the rate of the residue state and to ensure the safety of comprehensive utilization of tailings; (3)Zinc in the oxidizable extraction fraction amounts to 40.30%, and the comprehensive utilization of tailings should prevent the release of zinc under the strong oxidizing conditions.

Abstract: The performance of the electrode is the core technology of the electrolytic process of seawater pretreatment, and has the decisive influence on the systematic technological process and water quality. In the initial stage of electrolytic technology being applied in seawater pretreatment, soluble anodes, which use the aluminum, ferrum or other metal elements as the main ingredient, are chosen for most cases. And this method can effectively reduce the turbidity of raw seawater and sludge density index (SDI). While applying a variety of methods, the proportion of electrolytic aluminum, ferrum and other metal elements in the water can be effectively controlled. And this can increase the ratio of hydrolysate, but will also introduce the composition of soluble electrode into the seawater inevitably. This study uses electrodes which contain a variety of precious metal (such as Ti, Ru, and Ir) oxide in the seawater pretreatment process, which is different from traditional chlor-alkali industry.

Abstract: The air pollutants emissions from ships obtained a large proportion in the system. The research of air pollutants from ships has become a hot issue. The paper analyzes the generating mechanism and detriment of air pollution from ships, and summarizes the methods to calculate air pollution emissions in ports, clearly defined the concepts and details the formulas of the method based on fuel consumption and the method based on power, finally propose reasonable methods to calculate the ship air pollutants under different conditions, to improve the convenience and accuracy of calculation.

Abstract: The correction of nitrogen phosphorus nutrients and the Microcystis aeruginosa biomass were studied by setting the different concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus, different nitrogen sources and the ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus. The results shown that the optimal nitrogen source on the growth of Microcytis aeruginosa NaNO₃, Miccrocystis aeruginosa could adapt to a low N environment. Phosphorus is the limiting factor in the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa that can not survive at the absence of P in the environment. The optimal ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus is 50:1. Glycine as the Microcystis aeruginosa nutrient grew slowly at prior period and it grew rapidly later, which is similarity to the water eutrophication and the algae outbreak.

Abstract: In the continuous Spring Maize system in Northeast China,the nitrate accumulation and succession characteristics of different soils and fertility in three locations with five fertilization treatments, which included no fertilizer treatment (CK), farmer conventional treatment (FC), recommendation fertilization (RF), control-released fertilizer (CRF) and single fertilization (SF), was compared by 6 years’ long-term experiment. The results showed that nitrate accumulation was drastically significant in high pH soils; potential nitrate increasing trend of high fertility soil was lower; new type fertilizer, for example controlled release fertilizer (CRF), and recommendation fertilizer rate (RF) could obviously decrease nitrate accumulation in single fertilization and in split fertilization; the nitrate excessive accumulation in soils could be improved by not only controlling fertilization, fertilizer and fertilizer rate, but also considering of soil types and soil fertility; and at present, in Northeast China, nitrate accumulation was in rational and safety level, but still exist potential risk.

Abstract: In this study, sawdust modified by cetyltimethyl ammonium bromide was applied to adsorb conge red in aqueous solutions. The characteristics of modified sawdust were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of factors, such as pH, contact time, temperature, dosage, and salt concentration, were investigated. The results revealed that the addition of modified sawdust can significantly increase the adsorption capacity of dye. The maximum adsorption capacity of dye on modified sawdust was 109 mg·g^-1 at 328K. The adsorption processes were rapid within the first 30 min and reached equilibrium in about 150 min. The adsorption kinetics fitted well with pseudo-second-order model. The pH value of the solution had significant impact on the amount of adsorption. Adsorption isotherm fitted better with the Langmuir model and the adsorption was an endothermic process

Abstract: In order to enhance the catalytic activity of the heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction, the catalyst of Fe₃O₄ composites was synthesized. The Fe₃O₄ was used as catalyst of the heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction to degrade methylene blue in aqueous solution. The influencing factors, such as pH, initial H₂O₂ concentration, dye concentration and catalyst concentration, were investigated. The results showed that the dye was effectively degraded at pH 3-8. The optimal condition was at pH3.5. The degradation efficiency of dye increased with the increase of the initial H₂O₂ concentration and reached maximum when the H₂O₂ concentration was 15 mmol/L. The degradation efficiency of dye increased with the catalyst concentration was 650 mg/L. The coexisted anions decreased the degradation efficiency of dye.