Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1084

Abstract: The method for Lu determination in Yb preparations enriched in 176Yb by atomic and emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (AES-ICP) is reported. The relative determination error from 0.0001 to 0.1% of Lu mass is less than 40%.

Abstract: The atomic lines intensity of carbon and oxygen in low-temperature plasma are shown. Measurements are made at different distances from the electrode depending on the composition of the plasma forming gas mixture and external magnetic field presence.

Abstract: The aim of the study is to demonstrate that separation of solvated ions in solution of mixed salts under the action of external periodic electric field is caused by the formation of clusters consisting of solvent molecules and surrounding the ions. Such clusters have the dimensions of about 0.1 µm. The study includes the theoretical estimation of cluster dimensions and experimental determination of the external electric field frequency that gives rise to the separation of solvated ions. The results testify that placing the volume distributed electric charge of ion into dielectric liquid is accompanied by the formation of supramolecular particles. We called such particles “clusters”. The linear dimensions of clusters significantly exceed the first and the second radii of solvation (approximately 1 Angstrom) and amount to nearly 0.1 µm. At such sizes, inertial properties of clusters and their natural frequencies may allow controlling their movement by applying an external electric field to solution.

Abstract: In order to gain control over hard X-ray (over 30 keV), we have considered the X-ray diffraction in Laue geometry (over 30 keV) from a single crystal of quartz influenced by the temperature gradient. It was experimentally proved that the intensity of the reflected beam can be increased up to 35 times if the X-ray energies are 30 keV and keV for reflecting atomic planes () depending on the value of the temperature gradient. As the temperature gradient increases, the focus moves closer to the crystal and the focal spot shrinks in the diffraction plane.

Abstract: The paper discusses the issue of creating a monochromatic X-ray source based on a small-size electron accelerator to be used for the purposes of medical diagnostics. We carried out the simulation of X-ray spectra generated by an electron beam with the energy of 4-10 MeV in the targets of different materials and thicknesses and determined the optimal parameters of the target. The radiation intensity was estimated and sources based on different accelerators were compared, with due consideration of the simulation results.

Abstract: The results of the study on hydrogen diffusion through the metal membranes in the process of electrolytic hydrogenation and electron irradiation (energy of 40 keV , the current density is from 3 to 30 mA ) have been presented. It has been established that hydrogen release time from the membrane is determined by the parameters of the electron beam and its duration, and depends on the structure and the phase state of the metal membrane. The analysis of the hydrogen release time was done on a mass spectrometer connected to a vacuum chamber containing an electron gun and an electrolytic cell. The hydrogen diffusion coefficients when exposed to an electron beam were 2-3 times higher than under the same conditions without the electron beam irradiation. The results can be used in the technology of manufacturing of new materials with desired properties.

Abstract: In the article the approbation results of the scintillation dosimeter DRG3-04 of the pulsed X-ray beams and the analysis results of the dosimeter DRG3-04 operational integrity beyond its operating modes are presented. The radiation doses results of the pulsed X-ray generator RAP-160-5 obtained by the solid thermoluminescent detectors DTL-02, the dosimeter-radiometer DKS-96 and the scintillation dosimeter DRG3-04 are demonstrated.

Abstract: This paper presents the theoretical and experimental study of the excitation of electromagnetic waves in the TEM-mode in coaxial vircator with radially divergent electron beam. Excitation of electromagnetic oscillations, emission spectrum, instability increment of electromagnetic oscillations, and formation of a virtual cathode are investigated using the kinetic equation and numerical simulation (PIC code KARAT). It was shown that the resonant interaction of the electron beam is most effectively done with the TEM-mode. The possibility of TEM-mode excitation with its subsequent transformation into TE10-mode of a rectangular waveguide has been experimentally demonstrated.

Abstract: The measurements of axial harmonics distribution of the radial component of the electric field have been made for a torch discharge burning in argon and argon-air mixture. The resonant character of the electric field fourth harmonic attenuation has been found. Using the Saha formula for the two-temperature plasma the electrons concentration and the electrons Langmuir frequency of the investigated plasma discharge have been evaluated.

Abstract: The results of ab initio calculations of diffusion barriers for a hydrogen atom in zirconium α phase have been presented. The potential barrier and length of the jumps have been obtained for all possible directions of hydrogen diffusion. Also the influence of local lattice distortion caused by the presence of impurity on the height and shape of the barriers has been studied in this work.