Activated Carbon Based on Pineapple Crown for Heavy Metal Adsorption

Abstract:

The objectives of this study are to investigate the influence of concentration variation of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and to remove a heavy metal in liquid waste of the activated carbon. The raw material of activated carbon was obtained from pineapple crown waste. Pineapple crowns pre-carbonized at 180 ^oC for 1 hour. Chemical activation was carried out using KOH with concentration 2M, 3M, and 4M for 20 hours at 30 ^oC and temperature 60 ^oC for 2 hours. Microwave irradiation was conducted at 630 Watt of output power for 15 minutes. The physical properties of activated carbon were characterized using scanning electron microscopy to determine surface morphology of activated carbon, X-ray diffraction to calculated microstructure (i.e. interlayer spacing and microcrystalline dimension) using Bragg’s and Scherer’s equations, specific surface area was calculated from N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm using BET equation, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) identify the functional groups of activated carbon, and heavy metals absorption was tested using atomic adsorption spectrophotometric. The highest surface area of activated carbon is 300,901 m²/g for activated carbon with concentration 2M corresponding to the highest stack height (L_c) of activated carbon of 10,470 nm. The carbon chain structure shows the functional groups C-H, C≡C, O-H, C-OH, and CH₂ at wavenumbers of 2889,49 cm^-1, 2360,97 cm^-1, 2339,97 cm^-1, and 998,21 cm^-1, respectively.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 1162)
• Pages: 57-64
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1162.57
• Online since: April 2021
• Authors: Awitdrus Awitdrus*, Meylia Susiana Dewi Putri, Romi Fadli Syahputra, Iwantono Iwantono, Saktioto Saktioto
• Keywords: Atomic Adsorption, Microwave Irradiation, Physical Properties, Pineapple Crown, Potassium Hydroxide

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