Exploring the Impact of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts on Biodiesel Production: A Review

Abstract:

The amount of energy consumed is rising daily, which is swiftly depleting the availability of fossil fuels. Because fossil fuels release warming gases into the environment, they have several negative environmental consequences and contribute to global warming. To fulfill the growing demand for high-quality biodiesel, one practical solution is to employ metal: oxide nano-catalysts in transesterification of animal or vegetable oils. this review outlines into the prevalence of various metal oxide nanocatalysts, such as magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, and titanium dioxide, which have recently gained popularity as a means to accelerate the production of sustainable biodiesel. Converting typical metal oxide heterogeneous catalysts into nanoparticles enhances their surface configuration, porosity, crystallinity, chemical and thermal stability, and porosity. Metallic oxide nanocatalysts help make more biodiesel by lowering the reaction temperature and length and speeding up the transesterification reaction. Metal oxide nanoparticles assist in the production of biodiesel, which meets international standards and is of exceptional quality. As a result, the metal oxide nanocatalyst may be further optimized as a promising contender for the global energy business in the future.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 1184)
• Pages: 71-86
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-Ux0kve
• Online since: November 2025
• Authors: Zain A. Sayhood, Ziad T. Alismaeel*
• Keywords: Biodiesel, Heterogeneous Catalyst, Metal Oxide, Nanocatalyst, Transesterification

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