Effect of Reaction Temperature on the Morphology of Carbon Nanofibers

Abstract:

Carbon nanofibers with various morphologies were synthesized by the catalytic pyrolysis of acetylene using nickel catalyst nanoparticles at different reaction temperatures. Experimental results demonstrate that temperature is a critical parameter for controlling the size and morphology of carbon fibers. Twin coiled fibers and linearly bifurcating fibers emanating from nickel particles were formed at 400 °C; whereas, only linear carbon nanofibers were obtained at reaction temperatures of 450 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C. At low temperatures, nickel nanoparticles remain in the middle of two fibers, while nickel particles are positioned at one end of the linear fibers at high temperatures.

References

[1] S. Iijima: Nature Vol. 354 (1991), p.56.

[2] S. Motojima, S. Hoshiya and Y. Hishikawa: Carbon Vol. 41 (2003), p.2658.

[3] C.J. Lee, T.J. Lee and J. Park: Chem. Phys. Lett. Vol. 340 (2001), p.413.

[4] E.S. Steigerwalt, G.A. Deluga, D.E. Cliffel and C.M. Lukehart: J. Phys. Chem. B Vol. 105 (2001), p.8097.

[5] J. Koehne, H. Chen, J. Li, A.M. Cassell, Q. Ye, H.T. Ng, J. Han and M. Meyyappan: Nanotechnolology Vol. 14 (2003), p.1239.

[6] L. Zhang, A.V. Melechko, V.I. Merkulov, M.A. Guillorn, M.L. Simpson, D.H. Lowndes and M.J. Doktycz: Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 81 (2002), p.135.

[7] W.E. Alvarez, F. Pompeo, J.E. Herrera, L. Balzano and D.E. Resasco: Chem. Mater. Vol. 14 (2002), p.1853.

[8] H. Ogihara, M. Sadakane, Y. Nodasaka and W. Ueda: Chem. Mater. Vol. 18 (2006), p.4981.

[9] D. Chen, K.O. Christensen, E. Ochoa-Fernández, Z.X. Yu, B. Tøtdal, N. Latorre, A. Monzón and A. Holmen: J. Catal. Vol. 229 (2005), p.82.

[10] L.Y. Yu, L.N. Sui, Y. Qin, F.L. Du and Zuolin Cui: Mater. Lett. Vol. 63 (2009), p.1677.

[11] S. Takenaka, M. Ishida, M. Serizawa, E. Tanabe and K. Otsuka: J. Phys. Chem. B Vol. 108 (2004), p.11464.

[12] A. Tanaka, S. Yoon and I. Mochida: Carbon Vol. 42 (2004), p.1291.

[13] G.B. Zheng, K. Kouda, H. Sano, Y. Uchiyama, Y.F. Shi and H.J. Quan: Carbon Vol. 42 (2004), p.635.

[14] P. Sampedro-Tejedor, A. Maroto-Valiente, D.M. Nevskaia, V. Múñoz, I. Rodríguez-Ramos and A. Guerrero-Ruíz: Diam. Relat. Mater. Vol. 16 (2007), p.542.

[15] L. F. Dong, Z. L. Cui and Z. K. Zhang: Nanostructured Materials Vol. 8 (1997), p.815.

[16] Z.L. Cui and Z.K. Zhang: Nanostructured Materials Vol. 7 (1996), p.355.

[17] L.Y. Yu, L.N. Sui, Y. Qin and Z.L. Cui: Chem. Eng. J. Vol. 144 (2008), p.514.

[18] P.L. Hansen, J.B. Wagner, S. Helveg, J.R. Rostrup-Nielsen, B.S. Clausen and H. Topsøe: Science Vol. 295 (2002), p. (2053).