Advanced Materials Research Vols. 479-481

Abstract: Abstract: A novel oligomeric P–N synergistic flame retardant (FR) poly(phenyl O–(2–aminoethyl) phosphonamidoate) (PPAP) was synthesized and characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT–IR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonances (1H NMR). Application of PPAP on cotton fabric was studied, and the results showed that the best dosage of PPAP and coupling agent tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were 350 g/L and100 g/L respectively. Under these conditions, the treated cotton fabric was tested with 10.6 cm of char length. The results of thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) indicated that the fabrics treated with PPAP were more stable in high temperature compared with original fabrics. All the results implied PPAP can be used as a promising FR.

Abstract: By collecting the data of the ground scene and non-destructive detecting of the underground pipe network, using freeform software design of the data collected by the three-dimensional color modeling and rapid prototyping systems will underground complex pipeline modeling, using ground-dimensional graphics and three-dimensional model of underground pipe network combined method, This paper is trying to find out an effective presentation method for the distribution of underground pipe network. Thus, an efficient, realistic, intuitive three-dimensional rapid mapping prototyping service technology corresponds to the ground and underground pipe network scenario is applied to urban planning, municipal infrastructure, scientific management, maintenance and reconstruction.

Abstract: The molecular structure, molecular weight and its distribution, P₀, PRI, Mooney viscosity, processibility of raw natural rubber, curing characteristics of compounds and mechanical properties of vulcanites were studied by hot air aging. The results show that for raw natural rubber after heating at 70°C for 20 days, C = C bond of molecular chains was broken, the numbers of the C = C bond decreased, methyl oxidized, and –OH and –COOH formed. The number-average molecular weight, weight-average molecular weight and viscosity-average molecular weight decreased, the molecular weight distribution became wide. P₀, PRI, Mooney viscosity, rubber elastic torque S ', viscous torque S ", elastic modulus G', viscous modulus G" and complex viscosity η* decreased, loss factor tanδ increased. The curing rate of compound reduced and curing characteristics were inferior. The elongation at break and tensile strength decreased, and tensile stress at 300% modulus and 500% modulus did not change obvious. Anti-aging property became deteriorate.

Abstract: This document explains and demonstrates how to prepare Polyurethane(PU)/Expanded Graphite powder(EGp) composite antistatic sponge by in situ polymerization. The morphology、mechanical、electrical and thermal properties of the PU/EGp composite antistatic sponge have been investigated. PU/ EGp composite sponge have better mechanical properties than that of CB composite. The resistivity of PU/EGp composite antistatic sponge can reach at about 108Ω•cm at the content around 5wt% of the EGp. EGp can stably exist in PU sponge and has little influence to the polymeric matrix while being heated.

Abstract: This paper presents the defuzzification methods which are used in the fuzzy inventory model. The properties of the different defuzzification methods are investigated and derived. The results from the theatrical view are interesting.

Abstract: By using the first-principles calculations within the density functional theory (DFT), we investigate the structure, antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition and half-metallicity of half-Heusler compound Fe_1-XCu_xMnSb. For the ferromagnetic state, the calculated lattice constant follows the Vegard law, and total ferromagnetic moment agrees with Slater-Pauling rule as x<0.5 while suffers large deviation as x>0.5. As x=0.75, a novel magnetic phase transition occurs, which mainly derives from the competition between RKKY and superexchange magnetic coupling. Further analyses on density of states (DOS) reveal that the Fermi level can be adjusted by doped Cu concentration in ferromagnetic state, and d partial DOS of Mn atoms with different spin orientation compensate for each other that results in symmetric spin-up and spin-down band in antiferromagnetic state.

Abstract: In this paper the influence of machining liquid on the processing characteristics, such as the tool electrode wear and the tool actual feed were discussed. Micro EDM drilling was carried out using deionized water and oil dielectric as the machining liquid. It was found that using deionized water reduced the tool electrode wear. Also, occurrence of short-circuits during the processing is one of the reasons for causing large electrode wear. In the case of using oil dielectric, processed depth influences the tool electrode wear greatly and causes the change in the actual feed rate. While using deionized water, processed depth also causes the change in the actual feed rate, but nearly had no influence on the tool electrode wear. Meanwhile, when using deionized water, although the small electrode wear and high machining speed can be obtained, electrolytic dissolution may occur. Therefore, the effective method of decreasing the open voltage and increasing the feed rate to prevent the electrolytic dissolution was mentioned and experimentally verified.

Abstract: Abstract. The strength of a final product of steel is affected by its final austenite grain size.Almost applied models for grain growth based on Beck and Sellars equation , which has the isothermal condition assumption; whilst most of the materials processing take place under non-isothermal condition. The purpose of this research is to find the effect of Nb and cooling rate to the austenite grain growth model of HSLA-Nb steel to predict the Austenite grain size after hot rolling process in non-isothermal condition .The two composition of 0.019 and 0.056% Nb of HSLA-Nb was hot-rolled about 0.3-0.4 deformation at a temperature of 900-1100⁰ C, followed by cooling rate of 7-11 ⁰ C/s, in a time period of 25-40 second, and quenched by using water jetspray. Austenite final grain size was measured . The work shows that the higher Nb content of steel with higher cooling rate will reduce the final austenite grain size . It was also found that the new non-isothermal austenite grain growth after hot-rolled illustrated as a function of cooling rate,which obtained by modifying the previous established model by a cooling rate parameter 1/Cr^m, and it was more precision compared to previous grain growth equation.

Abstract: Fuzzy sub-space, with analysis on generalized uncertainty of damage, is setup in this paper when topological consistency of damage fuzzy and randomness on [0,1] scale being demonstrated deeply. Furthermore, deduced under fuzzy characteristics translation are three fuzzy analytical models of damage functional, namely, half depressed distribution, swing distribution, combined swing distribution, by which, fuzzy extension territory on damage evolution is formulated here. With the representation of damage variable ß probabilistic distribution as well as formulation on stochastic sub-space of damage variable, expended on the basis of extension criterion and fuzzy probability is damage model defined within generalized uncertain space, by which, introduced is fuzzy probabilistic integral algorithm of generalized uncertain damage variable that could be simulated by the forthcoming fuzzy stochastic damage constitution model based on three fuzzy functional models before. Moreover, in order to realize the joint of fuzzy input and output procedure on generalized uncertain damage variable calculation, fuzzy self-adapting stochastic damage reliability algorithm is, with the update on fuzzy stochastic finite element method within standard normal distribution probabilistic space by the help of foregoing fuzzy stochastic damage constitution model, offered in this paper on the basis of equivalent-normalization and orthogonal design theory. 3-dimension fuzzy stochastic damage mechanical status of numerical model of Longtan Rolled-Concrete Dam is researched here by fuzzy stochastic damage finite element method program under property authority. Random field parameters’ statistical dependence and non-normality are considered comprehensively in fuzzy stochastic damage model of this paper, by which, damage uncertainty’s proper development and conception expansion as well as fuzzy and randomness of mechanics are hybridized overall in fuzzy stochastic damage analysis process.

Abstract: The seasonal fluctuation of total exports has significant impact on foreign trade growth. Based on the methods of Directional Statistics, total exports at customs of Shaanxi Province are analyzed from 2007 to 2010. Distribution types are ascertained by using von Mises distribution test, which is submitting to unimodal von Mises distribution. Correspondingly, the result indicated that the total exports in Shaanxi Province has a character of seasonal fluctuation.