Advanced Materials Research Vols. 518-523

Abstract: Through the pavement runoff monitoring of USST（the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology） courtyard pavement runoff and JunGong road runoff, the analysis of main influence factors and pollution degree, this article indicate that underling surface, rainfall duration, rainfall intensity and rainfall are important influencing factors of initial runoff water quality. Organic and suspended solid are the main pollutants of urban runoff. COD, SS and turbidity are the main pollution index, and they present exponential change law and finally achieved stability along with the delay of rainfall. The more heavily it rains, the more quickly water quality become stabilization. Stable water quality are influenced by rainfall character and pavement character. The more heavily it rains, the better stable water quality is. The more dust pavement contain, the worse stable water quality is. Stable water quality of courtyard pavement runoff are better than street runoff.

Abstract: SCR is the main denitrification technology in thermal power plant at moment. The catalysts whose performance directly influences the effect of the De- NO_X are the key to SCR flue gas De-NO_X system. The principle of SCR system, the effect factors of process, the types of SCR catalysts and their characteristics in reaction are introduced. The characteristics and application of different SCR catalysts are compared and analyzed.

Abstract: Abstract. The research investigated the performance of two different surface water treatment methods: conventional and combined process (immobilized microorganisms pretreatment - ultrafiltration).The two sytems were carried out in a water supply plant in Guangzhou city, south China. In order to remove ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) efficiently, fluidized biofilm process with entrapped microorganisms pellets was applied to the combined process. NH4+-N concentration in the produced water was less than 0.5mg/l at the overall combined process. CODMn, UV254 and turbidity removals of 34.2%, 32.7% and 99.8% were also achieved in combined process and better than the traditional process. The results showed that the combined process was highly competitive in comparison to conventional treatment for surface water.

Abstract: Luffa cylindrical sponge and plastic sponge were used as carriers in sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) for sewage treatment in this paper. The removals of suspended solid (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH3-N in sewage were studied. The average removal efficiencies of SS, COD and NH3-N with luffa cylindrical sponge were 96%, 89% and 90%, respectively, while these with plastic sponge were 94%, 83% and 80%, respectively. As a natural, cheap and environment friendly biocarrier, luffa cylindrical sponge was easy to get a biofilm with enriched microbes during the first few days of sewage treatment. It was much more suitable as a carrier than the plastic sponge for SBBR.

Abstract: The present paper mainly studies the adsorption properties of red mud on ammonian and phosphate as well as the control on sediment resuspension. The results show that, after acidfication, the removal rate of phosphate rose from 34.0% to 83.1% with the red mud concentration of 1g/L. Furthermore, red mud can be quickly settled to the bottom, and calcium sulfate(CaS04) generated by acidification react with tricalcium aluminate(3CaO•Al2O3) or activated calcium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide in the red mud and generate cement bacillus(3CaO•Al2O3•3CaS04), which can grow on the surface of red mud particles forming an isolation layer to inhibit sediment suspension.

Abstract: Tightness, dynamic back pressure and air to liquid volume ratio (A/L) of vapor recovery system of gasoline filling stations were detected, VOCs was analyzed by GC, in-station diagnostic operation status was inspected by site investigation. The results denoted that the modification of gasoline filling stations was not complete and the installed vapor recovery systems didn’t operate under normal state. Insufficient understanding on vapor recovery control, poor management and unsuitable regulations resulted in these problems. Some solutions such as enhancing the propaganda, making preferential policies, holding training for the connected staffs, maintenance in time, and revising the unsuitable regulations were proposed. This study has positive significance in promoting vapor recovery control developed in China.

Abstract: In this study, 701 weak base epoxy anion-exchange resin was used as a low-cost adsorbent to remove Cr(V) from the light polluted water. To optimize its usage, the influences of pH, contact time, resin dosage and coexisting ions were investigated. Adsorption process was found to be highly pH dependent. The optimum pH range for adsorption of Cr(VI) was found to be between 6 and 8. The necessary time to reach adsorption equilibrium is about 20min. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were applicable to the adsorption process and their constants were evaluated. It was found that the Langmuir model yields a much better fit to the data compared with that of the Freundlich model.

Abstract: CuO/TiO₂, CuO/Ti_0.9Ce_0.1O₂ and CuO/CeO₂/TiO₂ composite catalysts were prepared and tested for their application in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with C₃H₆. The effect of CeO₂ species on the catalytic performance was further evaluated. Catalyst characterization including BET surface area, XRD and temperature-programmed reduction of H₂ (H₂-TPR) suggested that the addition of CeO₂ species changed the physicochemical properties of the catalysts obtained. Compared to the impregnation method, the homogeneous precipitation method was an effective approach to preparing the CeO₂ doped catalyst, which could promote the activation of C₃H₆ to react with NO.

Abstract: Wastewater in mining and concentration operations is of high acidity, and contains a vast array of heavy metal ions, and some organic compounds. Biological treatment of the wastewater in some metallic-ore mines and concentrators are reviewed. There is a fast development of biological process from fundamental research to large scale commercial application in the past 20 years. Compared with other processes, biological process has an excellent performance without secondary pollution, including its wide pH application range, small investment and low operational cost. Biological process is still a promising process in treating wastewater for mining industry.

Abstract: High-effective decolorization microbial consortium was isolated and selected by enrichment and optimizing combination decolorization experiments. The optimal microbial consortium consisting of a fungus P6 and a bacterium H5 could use Direct Fast Scarlet 4BS as sole source of carbon and energy. The microbial consortium showed a significant improvement on dye decolorization rate under shaking culture that might be attributed to the synergetic reaction of single strains. This study also examined the kinetics of 4BS decolorization by immobilized microbial consortium. The results demonstrated that the activity of microorganisms inside the immobilized beads can be increased remarkably and the dependence of specific decolorization rate on 4BS concentration could be described as a typical first-order reaction kinetic model. The changes of proliferation and distribution of microbial consortium in gel beads were microscopically observed, which could be used for analysis of decolorization mechanism of 4BS.