Advanced Materials Research Vols. 594-597

Abstract: The flood risk map is useful to make a regional flood emergency plan and analyze the dam-break flood risk. A three-dimensional mathematical model is applied to simulate the floods evolution with consideration of the dam-break process and the complex boundary condition synthetically, and the finite volume method is used to get a discrete solution. The flood evolution process of Dongwushi reservoir in the instantaneous collapse conditions is taken as a case, and the flood risk map is obtained based on the results of calculation.

Abstract: Vertical-slot fishway is widely used in different shape of fish-way due to the adaptability to water level amplitude, the hydraulic characteristics of the vertical-slot fish-way of different scale has been extensively researched by researcher domestic and overseas, the energy dissipation mechanism and hydraulic characteristics of the fish-way in different scale under different inflow has been acquainted now. In this paper, the hydraulic characteristics of Vertical-slot fish-way of different size under water depth, inflow and slope is analyzed , influence of water depth, flow velocity, dissipation rating per unit volume and turbulent energy etc. On fish swimming ability is discussed, and design of fish-way is evaluated by relevant hydraulic factor of fish swimming characteristics. Finally the research method and experience abroad is summarized in the paper.

Abstract: There are many uncertain factors in the process of reservoir’s operation. For the reasons, the "deterministic theory" must turn to" probability theory", and it becomes necessary to strengthen risk analysis. Summarize the connotation of reservoir risk analysis, progress in research of risk analysis for reservoir inflow forecasting, risk analysis for reservoir operation, risk analysis for flood protection and flood discharge , and reservoir multi-objective risk analysis. There are so much influence factors and much of them uncertainly, not enough research on multiple targets and multiple factors, not much apply on new risk analysis theories and methods. Therefore, it should research more on the fields of risk identification, reducing the impact of human factors, new analysis methods and coupling methods.

Abstract: The problem of sediments on seismic response of arch dams was not solved. Thus pressure wave formula of saturated porous fluid-solid two-phase medium was applied from the Bait’s consolidation theory, and was determined the seismic response magnitude of sediment on arch dam. And the method was applied to analyze the influence of sediments thickness, cohesion and friction angle on dam seismic response. The result shows sediments is relatively obvious on arch dam seismic response.

Abstract: In water diversion project and water delivery project, horseshoe cross-section and circular cross-section are commonly used. The hydraulic elements of nonstandard horseshoe shape and circular shape are difficult to calculate because of their complex section. This article gives the formulas of hydraulic elements and iterative formulas of normal depths and critical depths of horseshoe shape section composed of 6 arcs and 2 kinds of irregular circular shape section by mathematical derivation. And on the basis of the relation with depth, normal depth and critical depth, we can estimate the type of water surface profile. It can be applied in calculation of water surface profile 81.68 km Qinling tunnel of south water to north project. The formulas of normal depth and critical depth and hydraulic elements can be used in other similar water delivery project.

Abstract: River roughness calibration usually is an underdetermined model for lack of hydrological information, and its calibrated results may deviate from the true solution seriously. Using prior information is an effective way to regularize inverse problems, which can make the calibrated results reasonable and improve the stability of numerical calculation. A robust model, which takes account of river roughness smooth matrix and error minimization, is developed on the basis of the prior information that the spatial distribution of river roughness is smooth. In the computing example of a river network, cases are tested about the uniqueness of solution, numerical stability, and reliability. The results show that the present model can calibrate river roughness effectively with high numerical stability and reliable results.

Abstract: Two kinds of nonmetallic pipes, steel skeleton polythene plastic composite pipe and reinforced plastic composite pipe, whose application effect in oilfield are preferable, were chosen as the research objects in this paper. An indoor experiment apparatus was established to measure the on-way resistance of this two kinds of pipes under different flow rates. Then many hydraulic calculation formulas were used to calculate the on-way head loss of tested pipes and the relation curves of pressure drop gradient on flow velocity and Reynolds Number were drawn. According to the comparison of calculated value and measured data, appropriate calculation formulas of on-way head loss for the two nonmetallic pipes were sorted out respectively. The result shows that as for steel skeleton polythene plastic composite pipe and reinforced plastic composite pipe, Panhandle A formula and Drew Et al Formula are recommended respectively to calculate the on-way hydraulic computation.

Abstract: As the great western development, the earthquake resistance analysis of the large project of water had become increasingly important. The paper derived analytical solution of hydrodynamic pressure of circular water-conveyance tunnel for full water in a horizontal incentive of the earthquake action using the coupling vibration theory of elastomer and fluid potential and shallow water wave theory. Hereinto, the inner water was especially incompressible water. For full water water-conveyance tunnel, in horizontal excitation, found only the rigid motion potential, the hydraulic pressure of unbalanced force produced not exist, also the liquid sloshing did not exist; the hydrodynamic pressure of the left or right side the lining was the largest, the hydrodynamic pressure of the up or down of the lining was the smallest. The analytical solution of hydrodynamic pressure provides a theoretic basis for the finite element analysis, experimental study and real seismic observation, and provided the beneficial reference value for practical engineering design and construction.

Abstract: This paper introduced a new type of retaining structure in roadbed of a high-speed railway Station--Three dimensional Drainage Flexible and Ecological Reinforced Earth Retaining Wall. Both side efforts of this structure have taken into account in lope protection and environmental protection, so it can be promoted in high-speed railway construction. Its main advantages included: ecology, environment protection, simple construction method, the better adaptability to differential settlement, the better stability, and so on. This type of retaining structure mainly composed by geogrid, ecological bags, tying belts, connecting buckle, etc. In the construction should pay attention to the technical requirements of the laying of geogrid, the stacking of the eco-bags and placing of connecting buckle and so on. This paper discussed briefly of the type structure from its advantages, its compositions and its construction key points

Abstract: Abstract. A great number of agricultural sheds are used in the China's farmland. With the development of science and technology and water use of tension , nowadays various proposed micro-irrigation techniques for the agricultural shed irrigation have been put forward , but as high-tech product and extremely high cost, the farmers cannot afford it, thus they have no choice but to use the traditional slow methods. To seek for the low cost of water-saving irrigation way, this paper put forward the original canopy stents arch tube after drilling converted into a canopy of the support and the unity of the new irrigation micro-irrigation technique, which has been combined with the new type of irrigation trellis to make complete design planning.