Advanced Materials Research Vols. 610-613

Abstract: Recent rapid urban growth in major cities highlights the role of public squares, where their success can be gauged by its frequency of use and the outdoor thermal conditions. Despite the growing number of studies on outdoor thermal comfort in temperate and dry climate, those done in the Middle East are still limited. This paper examines the effects of landscape attributes on microclimatic conditions and outdoor thermal comfort based on the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) index in Esfahan, Iran. The thermal comfort prediction and correlation between thermal environment and the use of urban space were also explored. Two fieldwork studies were conducted through simultaneous environmental measurement and questionnaire survey in winter and summer at a public square in Esfahan. The obtained data became the basis for Tmrt (mean radiant temperature) and PET estimations, supported by RayMan model. The thermal environment was investigated with different landscape attributes. The derived thermal acceptable range was found to be considerably wider that those reported in previous studies. A strong correlation was confirmed between the thermal conditions and the use of outdoor spaces. The findings demonstrated the strong positive influence of air velocity and evaporative effect of water on thermal comfort. The findings contribute toward suitable design of public squares in climates similar to Esfahan.

Abstract: With the continuous acceleration of urbanization process in our country, the conflict between demand of urban-rural construction land and limitation of land resources in area with rapid economic development is becoming sharper. Therefore, the research for planning and layout of urban-rural construction land is particular important. This paper takes Foshan City, Guangdong Province as an example. With GIS spatial analysis, divide the researched area into grids of some standard dimensions (20 m×20 m) through setting a group of construction permission elements; calculate the construction permission index of each grid (evaluation unit) and determine the proper land construction degree of different grids (evaluation unit) according to size of construction permission index; define areas with different construction degrees and strengths hierarchically; establish the guide rules of construction permission for each area to realize the reasonable spatial layout of construction land, so as to arrange reasonable space for newly increased urban-rural construction land in general planning of land use, achieving economical and intensive land use.

Abstract: The paper, with the rural tourist destination as study object, selects 216 distinctive tourist towns (villages) in China as the study sample, explores their spatial relationship with the cities and then sums up the characteristics and regular patterns. Firstly, the paper makes classification of all the tourist towns (villages) based on differences in their tourism resources, divides all the tourist towns (villages) into three types: natural type, cultural type and the integrated type. Secondly, it selects large cities whose population is over 500 thousand as urban samples. By means of GIS mapping analysis tools, quantitative analysis method and other methods, the author makes an analysis of the spatial relationship between distinctive tourist towns (villages) and large cities in the combination of qualitative and quantitative. The result shows that the average Euclidean distance of cultural type tourist towns (villages) to the large urban centers is minimum , the average Euclidean distance of natural type tourist towns (villages) to the large urban centers is maximum ,while the integrated type tourist towns (villages) is the middle between the first two. 93.06% distinctive tourist towns (villages) are scattered within 300 kilometers in Euclidean distance from large urban centers. They are concentrated within 20-40 kilometers (peri-urban areas) and 100-200 kilometers (big cities outlying areas) in Euclidean distance from large city centers. The larger the city is, the more surrounding distinctive tourist towns (villages) the city has.

Abstract: This paper determined Hg and Cd contents through collecting the surface soil samples in Nanjing Liuhe Chemical Industry Park and its surrounding areas, analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of Hg and Cd in the study area by means of ordinary Kriging, and carried out quantitative analysis for the impact of chemical industry park on the accumulation of soil heavy metals through introducing contribution rate. The results show that the chemical industry park is one of the important causes of the accumulation of Hg and Cd in the surrounding soils. In space, the closer the site is to the industrial park, the higher the accumulative content is. Wind direction has a significant effect on the diffusion of Hg, affected most greatly on the northwest, which is located downwind, with a contribution rate of 85.47%, while wind direction has no significant effect on the diffusion of Cd, affected most greatly on the north, with a contribution rate of 29.37%.

Abstract: The paper established low-carbon optimization model of regional construction land structure. The model combined with Markov model and Linear Program model can integrate factors related to economic, social, CO₂ emissions and construction land require. This model was validated through a land-renovation case in Guangzhou. Based on its regional development strategy and social-economic situation, we obtained three different levels of low-carbon emissions of construction land optimization scheme, and quantitatively determined land renovation scale. The result of the research shows that the scale of town and industrial land renovation is 751.39 ha, and residential land renovation for 734.67 ha in Guangzhou. The quantitative determination scale of land renovation preliminary research has certain feasibility and reference value based on low-carbon optimization model. Results from this research would help government make wise decisions in the near future to mitigate urban CO₂ emissions and construction land scale while maintain economic social development.

Abstract: The major western cities of China are beginning to suffer the growing traffic congestion problems, which eastern cities of China has experienced. Learn lessons from eastern cities on traffic issues as soon as possible, dealing with the diversified modes of public transportation problem of convergence effectively, providing condition for integration development of urban public transport in the west is the main goal in this paper. This paper takes Subway transit Line 6 in Chongqing as a bus connection example. On the basis of passenger volume forecast, integrated public transport optimization theory and method are used to study Chongqing subway transit Line 6 along the feeder site optimization program , it can provide the theoretical foundation and technical support for the public transport network optimization of Chongqing.

Abstract: Currently, urban development needs more construction land, and food security requires the guarantee of a certain farmland. This causes a sharp contradiction between the lack of urban construction land and the protection of farmland. Meanwhile, rural construction land was extensively used. So, the solution of this contradiction is allocating urban and rural construction land. Taking Xindu district of Chengdu as an example, this paper proposed the implementation method and operation environment of linking the increase in land used for urban construction with the decrease in land used for rural construction (hereinafter referred to as the “link”). It is proven by research that the farmland increased 11.4 mu, the land of farmers centralization residence saved 438.7 mu and the land of urban construction increased 533.2 mu. The link realized the goal of without increasing the total amount of construction land and decreasing the farmland, and improving quality at the same time.

Abstract: Farmers are the direct pusher to ensure the implementation of land consolidation. Therefore, research on the change of farmers’ behavior in land consolidation becomes important. Taking the land consolidation in Gaolong town in Hechuan of Chongqing, China as the example, the objectives of this paper was to analyze technology efficiency, scale efficiency and total factor productivity trend of farmers’ behavior and willingness corresponding to land consolidation using Malmquist-DEA and C2R-DEA model, respectively. The results indicated that technical progress was the main factor to constrain the development, and technologies innovation was still low. Technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency were all greater than 1, which illustrated the relative reasonable management level and resources allocation. The response type was positive for most farmers, and the farmers with weak and negative response were affected by family average quality, the attitude of staffs, efficiency of output compared to input, etc.

Abstract: At present, coastal wetland in China is seriously affected by expansion of coastal cities and industrial areas. Xiangshan Bay of Ningbo, Zhejiang Province is a famous seafood production base, with a title of “Big Fish Pond” in East Sea. However, it have been facing serious problems, such as industrial pollution, marine eutrophication, and biological invasion. Recently, local government approved a number of industrial and tourism projects in order to improve economy. So it is forecasted with a rapid expansion of manufacturing and tourism in next 5~10 years. Combined with the planned projects, scenario analysis was conducted in this paper, so that we can inspect the effects of different scenarios. Potential Class (PC) and Sustainability Class (SC) were constructed based on the data of investigation and remote sensing image of 2009, as a tool to assess scenarios. PC is evaluation criterion of economic benefit and social benefit, while SC is of ecological benefit and environmental benefit. Among all scenarios, combination of agriculture and tourism in coastal wetlands is optimizing for Xiangshan Bay. According to the study, eco-tourism should be promoted and existing wetland agriculture should be ecologically improved. It is also necessary to restrict the secondary industry to ensure ecological protection and tourism growth.

Abstract: By analyzing and studying the features of campus landscape, this paper has discussed how to apply the concept of landscape ecology design to construct an ecological campus in the perspective of goals, principles and conduction of ecological planning which are based on ecological principles. It has also discussed the application of landscape ecology in landscape construction on campus through case study from various aspects to adapt ecological planning of campus landscape to refreshed educational philosophy and situation.