Advanced Materials Research Vols. 616-618

Abstract: In recent years the buried hill exploration was a main power for increasing reserve& production in the Liaohe oil field. By the research and analysis on the buried hill reservoir exploration in the Liaohe oil field in the paper, It point out that the previously mistake cognition was broken through in the buried hill reservoir exploration with the seismic, logging etc. technology development. The achievement list as: 1. The conclusion is drawn about the depth of the buried hill reservoir determined by the depth of the source rock which clarified the mistake about the buried hill reservoir formed only in the shallow formation. 2. The inner of the buried hill reservoir of the metamorphic rock is a fissure-cave system formed by the various and layered rocks which served as an oil accumulation place which broke through the cognition on no pore in the deep inner of the buried hill reservoir. 3.The reservoir-formed pattern is built on the study of the controlled factor in the buried hill reservoir which denied the barrier of the basalt layer for oil and gas translation over the buried hill reservoir .In this paper by the summary of the cognition breakthrough and achievement, it shows the next exploration direction in buried hill reservoir in the Liaohe depression.

Abstract: With the continuous and deepening development of oil field, reseach of sedimentary microfacies is more and more important on the basis of energy facies. The study area is the thin oil thermal recovery experimental zone of Daqing Oilfield. A variety of microfacies boundary has strong resistant and limiting effect for the filterring flow characteristics of underground fluid. This study is based on the fine contrast to reservoir, establish high resolution sequence stratigraphic framework, set up the logging facies mode of different levels of the energy levels on the basis, make the logging facies identification and combination of space for 17 sedimentary time units of SⅡ reservoir group by well to well and layer to layer, portray fine 17 sedimentary time units of the spatial distribution characteristics of sedimentary microfacies, and provid the scient geology-orientation for subsequent thermal recovery program and development effectiveness evaluation.

Abstract: In order to reveal in middle fault depression belt of Hailer-Tamtsag Basin buried hill oil and gas migration and accumulation characteristics, we summarize controlling effect of fault on oil and gas migration and accumulation of buried hill, which by analysing genetic mechanism of buried hills based on fault systems formation and evolution. Research shows that three types of fault system in Hailer-Tamtsag Basin: early stretched fault system(Type I), early stretched middle tensile shearing fault system(Type I-II), early stretched middle tensile shearing reverse late fault system(Type I-II-III). Type I-II and I-II-III are stretching by NW tensional stress in Nantun group ,which afford tectonic framework for syngenesis buried hill and epigenetic buried hill. Type I make buried hills complicated .It is also favorable to ancient geomorphological buried hill in the fault less affected zones. Although they formed cracks dense zone easier, Type I-II and I-II-III fault system damage the reservoir which is not conducive to " hydrocarbon-supplying window " formation; Type I fault system have less promotion on the development of the buried hill reservoir, while it is conducive to hydrocarbon accumulation as the block boundary in buried hill hydrocarbon. Fault formed source rocks two kinds for hydrocarbon mode: unidirectional and bidirectional, which formed two reservoir-forming pattern: Unidirectional transportation hydrocarbon of weathering crust or hydrocarbon of fracture damage zones and bidirectional transportation hydrocarbon of weathering crust or hydrocarbon of fracture damage zones.

Abstract: The iron belt of northern Hebei and Shanxi provinces to western Liaoning province locates in great geological conditions and hosts various types iron mines, so the prospecting potential is huge. The found iron ore with industrial value have sedimentary metamorphic mines with large scale, and followed by magmatic, sedimentary, and contact-metasomatic ore deposits, etc. The iron mineralization of different types is great affiliated with the geotectonic environment of different geological periods, sedimentation, magmatic conditions, that behaviors different mineralization types corresponding to different geological periods in time, behaviors different iron mining area corresponding to different structural location in the space, consists of the iron metallogenic series coupled to the different time and the different genetic types in North China. Based on the analysis to the distribution regularity, ore-controlling factors and metallogenic series of iron mine, we deeped the regional ore-controlling geological condition and metallogenic regularity of iron ore, provided important reference information for regional exploration.

Abstract: A large number of laboratory experiments on the gas seepage characteristics by the self-developed gas-bearing coal triaxial compression experimental system and conducts the comparative analysis of the similarities and differences of the permeability among CO₂, CH₄ and N₂. The results show that given the condition of constant gas pressure, the permeability of the coal sample decreases with the increase of the confining pressure; under the constant confining pressure, the permeability of the coal sample decreases with the increase of the gas pressure; gases of different adsorbabilities have different permeabilities. The stronger the gas adsorption is, the worse its permeability will be; in the axial loading case, the permeabilities of different gases all reduce firstly and increase afterward, showing the generally V-shaped variation law. The results are of certain theoretical values on the in-depth understanding of the migration law of the gas in coal seams.

Abstract: In order to further research in porous media tracer mass transfer diffusion rule based on experiment, the conventional displacement experiment of natural long cores were carried out and the effect of the heterogeneity of microscopic pores structure to tracer mass transfer diffusion was compared. The experiment results show that, when injection rate is close, because the heterogeneity of low permeability core pore structure is stronger and small-scale dash is existed, the output time will be earlier, concentration will rise slowly, and mixed coefficient will be bigger. In terms of the same permeability, because injection rate is low, the pressure difference of two ends is small, the start of porosity is wider and its quantity is less. Therefore, if inject less pore volume of multiples displacement fluid, the output will be present tracer, the pore network of so-called "channeling the effect" will be formed, and mixed constant will be bigger. In homogeneous core, when permeability is close, due to the injection rate increases which exacerbate the actually existed part of microscopic heterogeneity features of the internal core, the output time will be earlier, concentration will rise slowly.

Abstract: To better understand the relationship between micro-structures and coalbed methane(CBM), characterisation methods including microscopic photometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption at 77K and methane isothermal adsorption were introduced into investigating the adsorption capability of coal reservoir. The results reveal that the micropores volume has a increasing trend with increased vitrinite reflectance. The most favorable pore type is to have good connectivity, very good micro-pores porosity and good adsorption capability. Statistical analysis shows that endo-microfractures are the main type microfractures of Qinshui basin. Based on the results of coal macerals, coal lithotypes, it is found that the bright coal and telocollinites are favorable for endo-fractures formation. Obviously different from the formation of endo-microfracture, exo-microfracture strongly relates to the coal structure. A good match between the fractures and the pores is needed for a favorable CBM reservoir. Based on the evaluation of pore-fracture system, Yangquan is the second CBM commercial area of Qinshui basin.

Abstract: To solve the qualitative and quantitative problems in safety evaluation, we employ the professional knowledge of extension engineering method, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and relevant iron mine safety evaluation index system, combined with extension engineering method and regional safety assessment to establish the matter-element model of safety evaluation analysis on iron mine safety based on extension theory. Based on the safety data of iron mines, we further analyze the influential factors of the regional safety. Firstly, these influential factors are divided into two levels based on AHP, and then the weights of two layers index are calculated respectively. Secondly, with scores measured by experts, the safety level of the influencing factors is determined based on extension theory. Finally, given the weight and safety level of the influence factors mentioned above, the safety conditions of iron mine is determined accordingly. The results of the study show that this analysis based on AHP-the extension engineering method absorb the essence of the traditional evaluation method, and minimize the defects of the various methods. The method can accurately evaluate safety level of iron mine, measure the distance between the actual safety level and adjacent safety level, and better reflect iron mine safety situation. It is of certain significance for the classification of safety situation. The method also has a broad application prospects in other engineering fields.

Abstract: Refraction static correction and tomographic inversion static correction are commonly used in seismic data processing. It is often believed that the effect of tomographic inversion static correction is better than the effect of refraction static correction. But it is not true. This paper summarized the applicable conditions, advantages and disadvantages of these two methods. In low mountains areas, the effect of tomographic inversion static correction is better than the effect of refraction static correction. However, in loess tableland areas, the effect of refraction static correction is almost the same as the effect of tomographic inversion static correction. It can’t reflect the advantages of tomographic inversion static correction. All of the above is proved from models and sections. So each technique must meet its applicable conditions to reflect its superiorities. Integrated application of static correction methods is effective to solve the complex surface statics problems.

Abstract: The North area of Yunnan Province is one of favorable target areas for prospecting shale gas of marine hydrocarbon reservoirs in South China, with the black rock series developed well at Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation and Lower Silurain Longmaxi Formation. The black rock series can be classified into seven types of lithofacies，including black shale，siliceous shale， calcarleous shale，silty shale，carbonaceous shale，argillaceous siltstoue and carbonatite. The total content of organic carbon is 0.02% to 9.37%.The organic matter is overmature，with 2.05%～3.62% of Ro and dominated by type II-kerogen. The microporosity is dominated by the micropores，with pore size less than 10nm, secondly is foraminules with pore size ranging from 10nm to 100nm. The shale gas content is low overall，only 0.42 stere per ton average，and variety range is relatively large. Our research shows the content of plagioclase, carbonate and clay inflect the content of shale gas in the area of relieved synclines and less fault.