Advanced Materials Research Vols. 726-731

Abstract: Surface flow wetland with Reed planted in it was employed to treat micro-polluted water in Xinkai river, and effects of temperature, hydraulic retention time and growth of plants on the performance of surface flow wetland were studied. The results showed that COD removal of surface flow wetland was influenced by growth of plants and temperature, hydraulic retention time affected the performance of surface flow wetland obviously. NH₄⁺-N removal of surface flow wetland was excellent and stable. Most of the area of the wetland system was under anaerobic or anoxic, Concentration of NO₂^--N and NO₃^--N in effluent stayed low. The denitrification was fully conducted but nitrification became a constraining factor. TP removal performance of surface flow wetland was ordinary. When Temperature was greater than 16°C, the hydraulic retention time was greater than the 3d and plants grew well, removal efficiencies of CODNH₄⁺-N and TP were 22.45%,70.10% and 55.80% with concentration below 30.21mg/L1.82mg/L and 0.36mg/L, and the standards of Surface Water Grade V were satisfied.

Abstract: Zhangweinan basin is a typical area where has the most serious water resource shortage and water environmental deterioration problems in north of China. To improve the increasingly deteriorated water eco-environment, studies on the integrated management of water resources and water environment in the basin were carried out with focus on the prevention and control of water pollution, and based on which, an integrated management platform on water environment was developed. This paper introduces the platform architecture and elaborates the construction process of the total pollutant load control model and pollution incident early warning model. This platform provides technical supports for weakening the total pollutant load in the basin, reducing the pollutant load flowing into the Bohai Sea, and increasing the eco-flow of river channel and flow into the Bohai Sea.

Abstract: In order to maintain habitats status and prevent the degradation of ecosystems, the ecological water requirement should be considered in the plannings, especially for the arid and semi-arid regions. In this paper the effect of the Planning for Protection and Utilization of Luyanghu Wetland on the ecological water requirement of Luyanghu wetland was analyzed. The results indicated that the ecological water requirement in the planning was far more than the actual quantity which will intensify the severity of the local water shortage without suspicion. At last it was advised to apply the method of ecological benefit evaluation to deciding the best feasible scheme for the best ecological benefit.

Abstract: Tianjin, due to its severe shortage and inefficient use of water resource, is now facing many problems such as land substance, pollutions of wastewater irrigation etc., which will restrict its sustainable development of social economy. As a newly, useful, and potential unconventional water resource, reclaimed water can be used broadly to improve the unsatisfied situation of water utilization in Tianjin. In this paper, based on an analysis of the status of present reclaimed water use project and associated plans of future reclaimed water utilization, the authors gave a detailed discuss on the existed problem of reclaimed water use, and then put forward some relative suggestions and recommendations about the sustainable management of reclaimed water utilization in Tianjin, such as management mechanism, reclaimed water price and economic stimulating mechanism, constructions of infrastructure, supporting of science and technology, laws and policies, and supervision system and public participation.

Abstract: Jing-Jin-Ji region of China is facing a contradiction between economic development and water resource shortage. The basic work to strengthen water resource management is finding out what the relation between industrial structure and water resource consumption is. The article measures the correlation by the grey relational analysis. The result is that Hebei province has a lowest grey relational grade in primary industry. Tianjin and Beijing has a relatively weak correlation in secondary industry and tertiary industry separately. The conclusion provides a direction for water resource optimization and cooperation within the region.

Abstract: Geothermal resources are abundantly available, low-cost, renewable, and clean. Therefore, the exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources would exert a great influence on society and economy. Fuzhou geothermal, which is on behalf of the medium and low temperature magmatite rock fissure type geothermal, is often with surface thermal manifestations and distributes zonally along the tectonic fissures. Aiming to investigate the origin of the Fuzhou geothermal field, this paper takes Fuzhou Guihu geothermal field as the research object, analyzing its geothermal background of regional tectonic characteristics. Special analyses of the geothermal water chemical and isotopic characteristics (including the formation and origin mode of ground water constants and trace elements, D/¹⁸O isotopes) revealed that the underground hot water of Guihu was originated from precipitation and formed by the heating effect of the deep geothermal circulation. Based on isotopic fractionation, the calculated precipitation infiltration recharge elevation for the Guihu geothermal water is 536.3m. In the light of the surrounding topography, it is reasonably inferred that the Jialiang Mountain is the recharge source of the Guihu geothermal water.

Abstract: This study assessed the potential for the use of satellite derived rainfall in a data-scarce basin like the Black Volta in West Africa. Using a point to pixel approach, accumulations of ground measurements on daily, monthly and annual time scales were compared with accumulations derived from 0.1° resolution daily gridded satellite Rainfall Estimates (RFE). The results from the analysis of the RFE data showed monthly correlations ranged from 0.76 to 0.92 when compared with the rain gauge measurements. These results obtained, indicate “good” to “very good” in terms of correlation (r) for the monthly and annual datasets. The study found that the use of satellite derived rainfall, like the RFE from FEWSNET, in the basin would be of great benefit considering the difficulties in accessing data both locally and from the other riparian countries; but its analysis and use should be on the monthly and annual scales.

Abstract: In order to research the groundwater quality of the Taikang Formation in Tertiary in west of Daqing Oilfield, resistivity logging data of 140 wells in the study area were analyzed to forecast the groundwater total dissolved solids (TDS) distribution of the plane. When the resistivity logging value (R_t) of the Taikang Formation in Tertiary is above 45Ω.m and its corresponding value of Formation water TDS is below 1000 mg/L, the quality of groundwater accords with life standards for drinking. The south area of Hongweixing well area and the east of Xishuiyuan well area, including Ranghulu, Qianjincun, Dulitun and Nanshuiyuan well area are favorable for high quality groundwater. The research provides the evidences to evaluate the groundwater quality in west Daqing Oilfield and determine specific well location, improving the efficiency of exploring the underground drinking water.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper was to validate the rainfall data of Climate Research Unit high resolution Time-Series version 3.1 (CRU TS 3.1) with meteorological ground-based Rain Gauge (RG) measurements and determine the possibility of its integration with ground-measured rainfall. The research primarily advocates on the need for complementing ground-based datasets with CRU TS 3.1global datasets for sustainable studies in protecting the environment. The Source Region of the Yellow, Yangtse and Lancang Rivers (SRYYLR), China was taken as the study area. The data was validated by using the data from seventeen meteorological RG stations at SRYYLR. Statistical technique based on Linear Regression (LR), Cumulative Residual Series Analysis (CRSA) and Geo-Spatial techniques based on batch processing, cell statistics, map algebra, re-sampling, extraction by mask, geo-statistical interpolation and profiling along transects by interpolation of a line were used. The study revealed that although CRU TS 3.1 datasets are underestimated compared to the RG datasets, they can be efficiently and effectively be used for rainfall trend analysis with 90% level of confidence because of the analyses by different techniques revealed similar profile trends.

Abstract: In the process of monitoring water quality, as the transient variable data lead to unsound prediction models and the traditional parameter optimization method based on signal factor experiments is not only time-consuming but also can not ensure the most optimal parameters. We propose to combine wavelet transformation with data translation to reduce the influence of transient variations on prediction models, and use genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the parameters of support vector machine (SVM). The new prediction model is applied to predict water quality time series, which is compared with the traditional modeling methods based on SVM and BP neural network. The results show that the new model is superior to traditional modeling methods.