A Comparative Analysis of Shipping Emissions Estimation Methodologies and their Applicability

Abstract:

The shipping emissions estimation method is the premise and basis of making shipping emissions inventory, assessing the impact of shipping emissions, and promoting the work of energy saving and emissions reduction in transportation industry. The article analyzed the three main kinds of current representative shipping emissions estimation methods, i.e. simplified methodology and detailed methodology for estimating air pollutant emissions from ships presented by Techne Consulting, Tier1 and Tier2 methods from IPCC, and default approach, technology specific approach and ship movement methodology proposed by EMEP. Based on a comparative analysis of the characteristics of these estimation methods and their applicability, it was shown that: (1) the three kinds of methods from Techne Consulting, IPCC and EMEP are essentially the same, that is the emission equals to the product of the level of activities and emission factors, the difference lies in the level of detail of the activities are broken down; (2) the three shipping emissions calculation methods proposed by EMEP can be considered as the comprehensive and representative method, the default approach is a top-down method, and the technology specific approach and ship movement methodology are bottom-up approaches; (3) different methods have different applicability, the default approach proposed by EMEP is recommended to estimate CO₂, SO₂ emissions from shipping, and the technology specific approach and ship movement methodology are suitable for estimating the emissions of the other pollutants.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 734-737)
• Pages: 3042-3047
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.734-737.3042
• Online since: August 2013
• Authors: Wei Xiao, Qing Qi Wei
• Keywords: Applicability, Atmospheric Pollutants, Emissions Estimation, Methodology, Shipping

References

[1] L. Chapman: Transport and climate change: a review. Journal of transport geography. Vol. 15 (2007), pp.354-367.

[2] D.A. Cooper: Exhaust emissions from ships at berth. Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 37 (2003), pp.3817-3830.

DOI: 10.1016/s1352-2310(03)00446-1

[3] A. Georgakaki, R.A. Coffeya, G. Lock, S.C. Sorenson: Transport and Environment Database System (TRENDS): Maritime air pollutant emission modeling. Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 39 (2005), pp.2357-2365.

DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.07.038

[4] European Environmental Agency: Annual European community CLRTAP emission inventory 1990–2000. Technical Report 91. http: /reports. eea. eu. int/technical report_2002_73/en.

[5] D.A. Cooper: Exhaust emissions from ships at berth. Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 37 (2003) pp.3817-3830.

DOI: 10.1016/s1352-2310(03)00446-1

[6] V. Matei, G. Vladut, A. Mogosan: Emission factors in inland navigation. http: /www. inm. ro/pdf/2008-2-3-emission-factors-in-inland-navigation. pdf.

[7] D.A. Cooper: Representative emission factors for use in Quantification of emissions from ships associated with ship movements between port in the European Community,. Final Report of IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd., (2002).

[8] Wei Cai: Calculating Methods for Ship Air Pollutants. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science & Engineering). Vol. 28 (2004), pp.485-487（In Chinese）.

[9] Tao-sheng Jin, Xiao-ge Yin, Jia Xu, et al.: Air pollutants emission inventory from commercial ships of Tianjin Harbor. Marine Environment Science. Vol. 28 (2009), pp.623-625（In Chinese）.

[10] Li-jun Zhang, Jun-yu Zheng, Sha-sha Yin, et al.: Development of Non-road Mobile Source Emission Inventory for the Pearl River Delta Region. Environment Science. Vol. 31 (2010), pp.886-891 （In Chinese）.

[11] C. Trozzi, R. Vaccaro: Methodologies for estimating air pollutant emissions from ships. Techne Report MEET RF98, (1998).

[12] J. Paul, G. Michael, B. Wiley: CO2, CH4 and N2O Emissions from Transportation-Water-borne Navigation. IPCC Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories- Energy Sector, (2000).

[13] R. Kristin, D.L. Riccardo, W. Anthony, et al.: International navigation, national navigation, national fishing and military. EMEP/EEA emission inventory guidebook 2009, (2009).