Advanced Materials Research Vols. 750-752

Abstract: The definition and conduction mechanism of high temperature proton conductors is reviewed, its application in prepare hydrogen, fuel cells, chemical sensors, chemical reactors, the homogeneous catalysts are also discussed.

Abstract: Take Waugh-Type (NH₄)₆[MnMo₉O₃₂]8H₂O absorbed on anion exchange resin and prepared supported solid catalyst. The properties of the catalyst were studied through the synthesis of benzyl acetate. The appropriate reaction conditions were obtained by orthogonal test: mole ratio of acetic acid to benzyl alcohol was 2.5:1.0, the catalyst dosage was 0.4g, the water carrying agent toluene dosage was 2.5ml, reaction time was 150min, esterification yield was 95.4%. The catalyst are high catalytic activity and non-polluting, and could be reused.

Abstract: Ion exchange resin-supported (NH₄)₆[MnMo₉O₃₂]8H₂O with Waugh structure is used to prepare supported solid catalyst. Performance of this catalyst is researched by means of synthesis of isoamyl acetate. Optimal reaction conditions determined by orthogonal experiment are as follows: acid-alcohol molar ratio is 2.5:1, reaction time is 120 min, catalyst dosage is 0.8 g, dosage of water-carrying agent is 2.5 ml, esterification yield reaches 95.1%. This catalyst is characterized by high catalytic efficiency, easy separation and recovery, absence of environmental pollution and being reusable, etc.

Abstract: Smart polymers are very important in many fields, such as biochemistry, fine chemicals and functional materials, etc. In this paper, poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm) was prepared by ultrasonics sonochemistry. In the reaction system, the monomer is N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAm), the crosslinker is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and the solvent is tetrahydrofuran (THF). FTIR and UV-Vis were used to investigate the chemical constitution and phase transformation property of PNIPAm. The results show that it is successful to obtain PNIPAm. It has thermosensitivity. And its lower critical solution temperature is found to be 34°C. Therefore, a green preparation method for environment-responsive polymer is presented.

Abstract: Nine groups of biomass packaging materials with different formula have been synthesized, which were made up of straw fiber and starch by foaming technique. In order to analysis the influence of main composites on cushion performance, a series of tests were conducted to measure the impact behavior, rebound property and static compression performance of materials. Measuring results show that material impact toughness increases with content of fiber. When the content of plasticizer is 10%, the material impact energy absorption is maximum, when the ratio of active agent and foaming agent is 1:1, a stable foaming process can be obtained, which makes the bubble uniform and increases rebound rate.

Abstract: At the steel plant of Höganäs Sweden AB, different steel grades were produced using an Electric Arc Furnaces (EAF). The slag tapped by the EAF often disintegrated during cooling. Slag fines from the disintegration are difficult to handle and to use as materials in construction. The plant tests of EAF slag treatments using stabilizer MCP-F of high P₂O₅ content were thus conducted, with 1^st and 2^nd campaign adding 10 and 20 kg MCP-F/ton slag, respectively. The MCP-F addition in slag pots and other test operations were carried out smoothly, without impacting the EAF steel production. Rates P₂O₅ recovery in the EAF slag were lower in some test heats. Studies may thus be carried out in future to increase the P₂O₅ recovery from MCP-F, hence, achieving a higher efficiency of stabilization treatments for the slag from the EAF plant.

Abstract: Simulated soil samples, quartz sands contaminated with 2,4-D, MCPA and dicamba, are separated using the method of ethanol elusion. The experimental results show that the elution temperature, the elution method and the purity of the eluting agent have obvious influence on separation efficiency. In addition, the elution velocity and the pollutant loading of soil have less effect. The impacts of these factors on the separation efficiency of 2,4-D is higher than that of MCPA and dicamba. With the increment of temperature, the separation efficiencies of three herbicides increase rapidly when the elution temperature is below 293 K, while the separation efficiencies increase slowly when the elution temperature is above 293 K. With the reduction of purity of elution agent, the downtrend of separation efficiency in the range of 95~90% or 90~85% is steeper than that of 100~95%. Compared with oft-repeated stationary method, continuous flowing method shows the advantages for three pollutants.

Abstract: The ozonation of dicamba in aqueous solution has been investigated in a bubble reactor in laboratory. The overall kinetics involved mass transfer step and reaction step are analyzed through two impact factors such as production percentage of O₃ in mixed gas and flow rate of the mixed gas. The experimental results show that ozonation process can effectively degrade dicamba in aqueous solution. The reaction step and mass transfer step are both influenced by the changing of production percentage of O₃. k value, the pseudo-first-order rate constant, increases sharply as the production percentage of O₃ is rased from 40% to 50%. While the production percentage of O₃ is in the range of 50%~70%, the increase of k value is slow. The concentration of O₃ in liquid phase reaches an extreme value after the production percentage increases to a certain extent, which resulting in such trend. While the production percentage of O₃ is fixed as 70%, k value is not basically affected by the changing of the mixed gas flow rate.

Abstract: The adsorption process of Cr (VI) in aqueous solution on activated carbon prepared by wheat straw was investigated to study the effect factors on adsorption properties. adsorption mechanism was discussed. The results showed that the adsorption performance was influenced by dosage, initial concentration and adsorption time. Adsorption reached equilibrium after 100 min at temperature 25°C. The highest removal efficiency can reach 94%. The results indicated that activated carbon as adsorbent can effectively deal with waste water containing (VI).

Abstract: The impact of the reaction temperature, ammonia concentration, aging time and molar ratio on the particle diameters of magnesium salt flame retardants have been systematically investigated through preparing magnesium salt powders under different conditions. Particle diameters are characterized by laser particle size analyzer, and the effect of different factors on the particle diameters is discussed, respectively. On the basis of the analysis, optimization parameters for synthesizing magnesium salts with the minimum particle diameters are found, which may be very helpful to the development of magnesium salt flame retardants