Advanced Materials Research Vol. 787

Abstract: Solar glass of low iron content plays an important role to increase the optical absorption of solar cells. The national standard stipulates the iron content in the glass without specified testing method. In this paper, we conducted three parallel analytical methods (1,10-Phenanthroline spectrophotometry, FAAS and ICP-OES) to determine the iron content in the same glass and evaluated the results in terms of detection limit, accuracy and precision. Although all three methods can detect the existence of iron, the analytical results are different to some extent. At last we propose a preferred method for commercial solar glass monitoring.

Abstract: Niello bars contain Lead which prohibits by laws and danger to environment. This research was to study the effects of temperatures which a black amalgam of lead-free niello bar alloys was filled in carved grooves of 95wt%Ag-5wt%Cu and 99.99wt%Ag substrates at 400C, 500C, 600C and 700C. Three compositions of lead-free niello bar alloys were selected in this research. The characterizations of microstructure, interface layers, and porosities of lead-free niello bar alloys after applying were reported. The results showed that all three compositions contain six compounds of CuAgS, Ag, Cu₂S, Sn₂S₃, SnS and Cu₄SnS₄. After applying lead-free niello bar alloys on the substrates, it showed that composition #2 on the 95wt%Ag-5wt%Cu substrates was matched to the best condition of temperature at 600C giving lowest porosities.

Abstract: The mechanism of thermostabilization of the thermostable exo-ß-D-glucosaminidase (Bglph) from Pyrococcus horikoshii was investigated. Conserved domains analysis and C-terminal truncated mutation showed that the C-terminal region was indispensable for the enzymes thermostability. Two site directed mutagenesis proteins (C103A and C103AandC550A) were as active as the native enzyme and showed no structural difference with the native enzyme. By comparison with two mesophilic exo-ß-D-glucosaminidases (CsxA and CsxT) from actinomycetes Amycolatopsis orientalis and fungi Trichoderma reesei respectively, it was shown that the amino acids composition of Bglph was consistent with its high thermostability, hydrophobic interactions, homodimerization and ion pairs could play key roles. These results presented the overall properties of the thermostability of Bglph from diverse aspects.

Abstract: We performed systematic experiments on the synthesis of layered crystal α-ZrP and revealed the control of size, aspect ratio and size polydispersity of disk-shaped crystals. The growth of the disks is mediated by oriented attachment, taking place continuously throughout the hydrothermal treatment between various sized disks. The master of the synthesis of layered crystals will contribute to various applications such as the nanocomposites and liquid crystals.

Abstract: The market demand of bio-fuel is 11,8 billion litters based on recent reported data. Hence, with the high demand of bio-fuel, the bio-fuel production utilizing rice husk can be one of the solutions. Beside, bio-oil can be produced by pyrolysis process utilizing rice husk as the feedstock. In this research, the optimization condition in producing bio-oil from rice husk by catalytic pyrolysis process was studied. The effect of catalyst type (H-β, H-Y, HZSM-5), catalyst loading (1wt%, 5wt%, 12wt%), temperature (400-500°C) and flow rate (60-100ml/min) were investigated through repetitive experiments using L9 Taguchi Orthogonal Array. The highest liquid yield of 38wt% was obtained at the optimum conditions with temperature of 500°C with nitrogen flow rate of 60ml/min and 12wt% of H-ZSM-5.

Abstract: Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAAm)/Poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone)(PVP) hydrogels were prepared by irradiating the aqueous solution mixture of NIPAAm and PVP with electron beam. The effects of feed ratio, pH, and temperature on the swelling ratio of the hydrogels were investigated. It appeared that the hydrogels possessed both pH and temperature sensitivity, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAAm/PVP hydrogels increased with the increasing of PVP content in the copolymers. The experimental results also showed that the hydrogels were ionic strength sensitivity, the swelling ratio decreased sharply when the ionic strength of the solution arrived to a certain critical value.

Abstract: The epoxy resin and polyalkylene glycol allyl glycidyl ether (AEPH) were used to prepare the emulsion type epoxy sizing agents for carbon fiber (CF) by phase inversion emulsification method. Effects of mass ratio of mixed emulsifiers and emulsifiers/resin (ω_e/r) and shear rate on stability of emulsion were investigated by centrifugal sedimentation analysis. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the surface morphology of carbon fiber. Results show that the optimal emulsion was obtained when mass ratio of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether-10 (OP-10), polysorbate-80 (Tween-80) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) was 65:25:10, ω_e/r was 9% and shear rate was 9000 r/min. The centrifugal sedimentation mass fraction of emulsion is 10.1%. SEM micrograph shows that the sizing agent forms a smooth film covering the carbon fibers.

Abstract: In this paper, a fatigue life prediction method for fiber reinforced polymer composite lamina is proposed. Based on two independent introduced damage variables, the damage degree of fiber and the damage degree of matrix, the issue of lamina fatigue is transformed into the study of damage evolution for fiber and matrix. Subsequently, the damage driving force and the damage evolution equations for the fiber and the matrix are constructed, respectively. Then, a novel parameter identified method is conducted. Finally, with the failure criterion for the lamina presented, the fatigue life prediction method of the composite lamina is proposed.

Abstract: A compound of (1E,2E)-1,2-di (-3-nitrobenzylidene) hydrazine was synthesized under microwave irradiation (500 w), giving high yields of products (93%). Its structure was determined IR, ¹H NMR, MS, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The crystal of the compound is Monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n with a = 6.9611(18), b = 7.823(2), c = 12.999(3) Å, α = 90, β = 105.215(4), γ = 90^o, V= 683.1(3) Å3, Z=4, Dc=1.450g/cm3,μ=0.110 mm-1, F(000)=308, R=0.0401 and wR = 0.1131 for 1273 observed reflection with I>2σ (I). π-π stacking interactions contribute to the stability of the structure.

Abstract: A compound of 9,9-dipropionitrilefluorene (C₁₉H₁₆N₂, Mr=272.34) was synthesized via nucleophilic addition reaction under microwave irradiation (500 w) within short reaction time (8 min), giving high yield of product (87%). Its structure was determined IR, ¹H NMR, MS, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c with a = 21.8358(16),b = 8.9457(7), c = 15.9895(12) Å, β = 105.078(2)^o, V= 3015.8(4) Å3, Z=8, Dc= 1.200 g/cm3,μ=0.071 mm-1, F(000)=1152, R=0.0629 and wR = 0.0881 for 3155 observed reflection with I>2σ (I). X-ray analysis reveals that the three fused rings of the fluorene system are almost coplanar and the two propionitrile groups are completely perpendicular to the fused-ring system, the molecular is symmetrical.