Catalyst Assisted Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Using the V-Shaped Pyrolysis Flame Method

Abstract:

Flames offer potential for synthesis of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) in large quantities at considerably lower costs than that of other methods currently available. Synthesis CNTs from V-shaped pyrolysis flame is a kind of novel technique. This study aims to examine conditions for CNTs formation in V-shaped pyrolysis flame. Synthesis inner the V-shaped body and providing heat outer is distinct characteristic in the method. A premixed carbon monoxide/hydrogen gas diluted by helium gas flow was introduced into V-shaped body bottom centre. Simultaneously, as catalyst precursor, pentacarbonyl iron was entrained after ultrasonic atomization into the central pipe by helium gas flow. The rich acetylene/air premixed gas, providing heat source, was introduced into V-shaped body outside surface. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images of the carbon products were examined. Large quantities of CNTs with the less carbon impurities were formed in the process. Carbon nanotubes can grow well when the sampling time was 5 minutes.A nanotube formation ‘window’ is evident with formation limited to fuel equivalence ratios between 1.6 and 1.8. Furthermore, temperature range was from 850°C to 950°C.Nanoparticles associated with nanotube bundles were identified as primarily ferric oxide.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 79-82)
• Pages: 2123-2126
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.79-82.2123
• Online since: August 2009
• Authors: Yuan Chao Liu, Bao Min Sun, Zhao Yong Ding
• Keywords: Carbon Nanotube (CN), Fuel Equivalence Ratio, Pentacarbonyl Iron, Sampling Tine, Temperature, V-Type Pyrolysis Flame

References

[1] Lijima S: Nature Vol. 354(1991), pp.56-58.

[2] Walters D A., Ericson L M, Casavant M J, et al: Apply Physics Letters Vol. 74(1999), p.3803.

[3] Young-Woo S, Seungeun O, Jisoon I, et al: Nanotechnology, Vol. 16(2005), pp.125-128.

[4] Ajayan P M , Schadler L S: Advanced Materials, Vol. 12 (2000), pp.750-753.

[5] Seung M L, Kay H A, Won S K, et al: Synthetic Metals Vol. 121(2001), pp.1189-1190.

[6] Dai H J, Hafner J H, Rinzler A G, et al: Nature, Vol. 384(1996), p.147.

[7] Ando Y, Zhao X, Inoue S , et al : Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol. 237- 239 (2002), p.1926-(1930).

[8] Zhao T, Liu Y. : Carbon, Vol. 42 (2004), pp.2765-2768.

[9] Kokai F, Takahashi K , Iijima , et al : Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing, Vol. 73 (2001), pp.401-407.

[10] Ma R Z, Wei B Q, Xu C L: Carbon, Vol. 38 (2000), pp.636-638.

[11] Kong Jing, Cassell, Alan M.: Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 292 (1998), pp.567-574.

[12] Zhang R Y, Amlani, Baker J, et al : Nano Letters, Vol. 3 (2003), pp.731-735.

[13] Li M, Saito K, Li T. : Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 29 (2002), pp.1087-1092.

[14] Height M J, Howard J B, Tester JW. : Carbon, Vol. 42 (2004), pp.2295-2307.

[15] Li M, Saito K, Pan C.: Chemical Physics Letter, Vol. 340(2001), pp.237-241.

[16] Vander Wal RL, Ticich TM, Curtis VE.: Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 104(2000), pp.7209-7217.

[17] Li M, Li T, Saito K.: Carbon, Vol. 41 (2003), pp.1889-1896.