Advanced Materials Research Vols. 821-822

Abstract: Promotion of low carbon industry development, reduction of industrial carbon emissions intensity and construction of low carbon characterized industry system are the most important to achieve low carbon development. Based on the research situation of industrial energy consumption and carbon emissions in Tianjin, this paper selects the priority to the development and optimization of the development of key industries through McKinsey Matrix. Combined with industry development of present situation, in view of low carbon development of industries of priority development and industries of optimized development, suggestions for industrial low carbon development are put forward.

Abstract: Starch (St) and acrylamide (AM) copolymers was prepared by aqueous solution polymerization, which as raw material finished hydroxyl methylation reaction, then condensation dehydration with dicyanodiamine, cationic starch graft flocculant is synthetized. Hydroxyl methylation reaction optimum conditions are: temperature T=50°C; pH=10; n (HCHO) : n (St-AM)=1.1:1; reaction time t=2h; Dehydration optimum reaction conditions: mole ratio of 1:1; pH = 4; t=3 h; temperature T=45°C. Intrinsic viscosity number of product is 1023 ml/g, cationizing degree is 50%. Treatment performance for oil wastewater is investigated by using cationic starch graft flocculant compound with the inorganic polymeric coagulant polyferric chloride, the experimental results show that: in wastewater pH=7, the amount of inorganic polymeric coagulant polyferric chloride is 2000 mg/L, the amount of starch graft flocculant is 500 mg/L, the treatment effect is the best, oil content and suspension content are less than 10 mg/L, which reach Daqing oilfield re-injection standard.

Abstract: In this article a model based on cellular automata (CA) is proposed to simulate the degradation for biodegradable polymer. The transformational rule of this model is constructed based on the hydrolysis reaction, oligomer diffusion equations and the relationship between intensity and number average molecular weight of the polymer. Furthermore, polymer DLPLA plate corresponding to this CA model was carried out. The simulation shows the middle hollow result which is accordance with the experiment phenomenon. The molecular in the degradation process has good fit with the experiment data. It proves that the model in this article is right and can provide numerical lead for the designs of biodegradable polymer devices.

Abstract: Relatively high molecular weight poly(glycolic acid)(PGA) was prepared by improved melting polycondensation of glycolic acid. Firstly, two kinds of catalyst, zinc acetate dihydrate and tin dichloride dehydrate, were utilized respectively, and a selection was made according to the molecular weight of final product. It has been found that the tin catalyst was the better one. Then the catalyst usage, the heating program, the polymerization time, as well as the vacuum condition were optimized. It was found that the high vacuum at 220~230°C contributed much to the molecular weight to the polymer, however, the polymerization time should be less than 1.5hr to avoid the discolor of the product. Finally, the PGA with a weight average molecular weight of 45,000g/mol were obtained directly without solid phase polycondensation, which was rather higher than some reported previously. The structure and properties of PGA were also characterized by means of intrinsic viscosity, FTIR, NMR and DSC testing.

Abstract: Four bacterias were separation and purification from oil well produced water of Daqing 9 factory, optimizing two degrading bacterias 17# and 7#. Through fermentation cultivation, observing their growth and metabolism laws and the viscosity of crude oil before and after the action. Results showed that the strains 7# and 17# of thick oil degradation rate were 84.9%, 73.9% respectively. Through the experiment contrasts, give the crude oil composition changes and chromatogram of the strains 7# before and after the action. Finally, choose strains 7# as thick oil-degrading bacteria for industrial fermentation.

Abstract: The regenerated cellulose carbamate membranes were prepared by the phase inversion process. The structure and properties of the regenerated cellulose carbamate membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Besides, the effects of the casting solution concentration and the coagulation bath concentration on the mechanical property of regenerated cellulose carbamate membrane were discussed.

Abstract: In order to prepare the keratin biological scaffold, keratin was firstly extracted from human hair by immersing in 200mL of aqueous solution containing 7mol/L urea, 2wt% Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 5wt% sodium disulfite (Na₂S₂O₆). The mixture was then heated to 95°C, shaking for 4h, and filtered through a stainless-steel mesh, dialyzed against 3L of distilled water, with cellulose tubing having a molecular weight cutoff of 10000~14000Da for 36h and filtered again. To examine the property of keratin scaffold, the vacuum freeze-drying process of pure keratin was investigated to find the optimum process. In order to further improve the property of keratin scaffold, different contents of Poly Ethylene Oxide (PEO) were added into the keratin solution. The result showed that the optimum freezing process was that Freezing at room temperature for 4h, and then put the sample into the refrigerator from ambient temperature to-20°C for 4h. Then the sample was put into the cold trap for 24h at-56°C. During the last 4 hours, the vacuum pump was opened and the frozen temperature was raised gradually. The keratin scaffold with good mechanical properties and uniform porosity was fabricated when the concentration of keratin solution was 10wt%. Additionally, PEO plays an important role in improving the flexibility of keratin/PEO scaffold.

Abstract: The hemp-stalk powders exhibit a certain degree of antibacterial properties, the antibacterial rate is about 41% against Staphylococcus aureus, about 74% against E. coli, about 50% on against Candida albicans respectively. Extract the hemp-stalk powders with petroleum ether, ethyl ether, ethanol, 75% ethanol, water, the order of solvents were ranked by the polarity. The effective antibacterial ingredients in hemp could be extracted with petroleum ether, ethanol, 75% ethanol by the horizontal comparison of antibacterial rates and antibacterial changing rates.

Abstract: The novel biodegradable poly (ε-caprolactone)/calcium sulfate nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization of ε-caprolactone in the presence of calcium sulfate whiskers as initiator. The resulting neat polymer and its nanocomposites were compression molded to yield dumbbell type specimens. These samples were allowed to degrade in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solutions at 37 °C and the incubation period lasted 12 months. Various analytical techniques such as FESEM, weighing, DSC and tensile tests were used to monitor property changes during degradation.

Abstract: Magnesium alloys have the potential as a biodegradable material for orthopedic applications. However, severely corrosion in a physiological environment limits the clinical application of Mg alloys. Hydroxyapatite is the main composition of natural bone, it has excellent bioactivity and osteoconductivity. In this paper, the samples of AZ31 were ultrasonically cleaned using distilled water, and then the coating was formed on the surfaces of the samples by biomimetic process. The samples were subsequently immersed in the simulated body fluid (SBF) for the degradation test. The coatings were characterized by XRD, EDS and SEM. The results showed that hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was formed on the surface of AZ31 after 24h by biomimetic process; the HA coating greatly decreased the corrosion rate of AZ31 substrate; the degradation rate of samples can be controlled by closely adjusting the hydroxyapatite coating.