Advanced Materials Research Vols. 821-822

Abstract: Banana fibers obtained from the stems of the edible fruit bearing plants by mechanical decortication were characterized for their chemical content, diameter variability and the effect of treatment on the hygroscopic and morphological fiber parameters. The fiber chemical content was analyzed using the Chinese Ramie standard. Two treatments were done; in one, using sodium hydroxide and in another, fibers were pre treated with NaOH followed by Vinyl-trimethoxy silane. Morphology was studied using light microscope and SEM. Results of the fiber surface morphology, diameter variations and the rate of moisture absorption between fibers that had been subjected to different treatments were analyzed using by statistical tools.

Abstract: The online temperature detections of fiber along the spinning line should be the important means for the precise controlling of fiber higher order structures as well as fiber-final performance. In this paper, a method of measurement fiber temperature has been introduced which mainly use the instrument of monochromatic infrared thermometer to measure fiber temperature in the melt-spinning processes. Due to the probe field of view of monochromatic infrared thermometer being much larger than the fiber diameter, monochrome infrared thermometers can't be used to measure temperature of fibers directly, the measurement results is an average between the fiber and backgrounds, which can't be used to indicate the temperature of fibers directly and have to calibrated. The calibrated results of monochromatic infrared thermometer are compared to the measurement results of infrared thermography. It has been found that the on-line measurement with infrared thermometer could promise high-speed and highly reliable temperature testing for the fibers.

Abstract: In this paper, the method based on the testing of the Fourier transform near infrared (NIR) spectra is proposed to identify natural bamboo fibers and flax fibers. The discrimination models between natural bamboo fibers and flax fibers are established by means of Ward’s algorithm and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis after the first derivative and vector normalization pretreatment. The verification results indicated that these two kinds of fibers could be classified into two separated groups for the identification and the near infrared spectra model is high accuracy.

Abstract: The composite material plate with the central hole is made by the composite prepreg. During the laying, the circle Teflon sheet is installed into the center of the composite plate. After curing, the center circle area was cut-out and the composite plate with the central hole was observed. Three different central holes are designed by the diameter of 12 mm, 14 mm, and 16 mm. The composite plate with central hole is stroke by the impact-or to measure the absorption energy, and acceleration to compare their impact resistance. The finite element analysis is also used to analyze the mechanical behavior of the plate during and after the impact. The results showed that the energy absorption capability is lower when the central hole became bigger.

Abstract: The stiffness of pristine glass fibre and glass fibre coated with starch sizing agent were studied on different storage conditions. The results indicate that the glass fibre coated with starch sizing agent is greatly influenced by the environment. It was confirmed that the starch sizing agent is the main factor affecting the stiffness of glass fibre. Using SEM, FTIR, XRD, DSC, three kinds of starch sizing agents under different storage conditions were studied. The results show that dried starch films produce holes that absorb water in humidity environment. Some bound water formed during the moisture absorbing process. The molecular structure, ordered degree and heat resistance of deteriorated starch is affected by the wet storage conditions.

Abstract: CPF is a kind effective and promising non-woven liner for common formwork to improve the concrete property. This paper review the definition, structural characteristics, effectiveness and engineering applications of CPF, moreover, the problems and further development direction of CPF also have been discussed.

Abstract: Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/poly (L-lactide) (PLLA)/nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) composite Ultrafine Fibers with diameter of 610 ~ 830 nm were prepared by electro-spinning. The surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of the process of prepareing spinning solutions, the constituent of spinning solutions, the concentration of PHB/PLLA/ n-HA blends spinning solutions and the collection distance on the surface morphology of fibers were discussed. The results indicated that n-HA mixing with solvent prior to other materimals for electrospingning could prepare the homogeneity of the spinning mixture. In all of the spinning conditions investigated ,When using chloroform (CF) /N, N-dimethyl formamide (DMF ) mixture as spinning solvent , PHB/PLLA/HA composite ultrafine fibers were not fabricated by electro-spinning, but chloroform can do. The average diameter of as-spun fibers increased with increasing concentration of PHB/PLLA/HA blends spinning solutions and collection distance.

Abstract: With the increasingly competitive pressure, spunbond nonwoven products marketed is becoming more cost sensitive. Inorganic additives, which is mainly composed of calcium carbonate , has been mixed into the standard organic spinning solution for either reducing the raw material cost or enhancing some of the physical properties. Therefore, its necessary to find a test method to evaluating the quality of these products. This paper developed a test method for determining the amount of inorganic additives and calcium carbonate in nonwovens by thermogravimetry analysis, and proved its effectiveness.

Abstract: The study examined the effect of heat and time on fabrics made from polyester (PET) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibres which have different aerial densities and composed of 90% and 10% of PET and PVA respectively. PVA is included in the fabric due to its water solubility and this will allow the PVA to be removed thereby leaving a more porous fabric. The fabrics were passed through needle punching machine and PVA removed by heating in a water bath. The nonwoven fibre was then heated in water at temperatures of 75, 85 and 100 °C in an effort to remove the PVA fibres and leave a more porous fabric. While removing the PVA through heating in a water bath, the effect of heating period and the temperature on the fabric properties was investigated. The strength, elongation and structure of the fabric were investigated and the changes analysed. It was found that there was a significant removal of PVA at longer periods of time when at a high temperature. The effect on the properties was found to be higher with higher temperatures as well with a decrease in strength ranging between 40% and 60% being experienced while an increase in elongation, between 60% and 90% was experienced. Fibre spacing and pore size was found to have increased as well.

Abstract: Samples of polypropylene (PP), polyester (PET) and polylactide (PLA) non-woven fabrics were exposed to carbon arc light in a covered chamber at 65°C and 50% relative humidity for different times. In order to determine state of degradation, samples were examined by Tensile Properties, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calovimotry (DSC) curves, and then were evaluated by retention rate of Tensile strength and Elongation , appearence changes on fabric and fiber, infrared spectra and melting point changes. Its observed that PP is more vulnerable to photodegradate than PET and PLA non-woven fabrics. Photosensitizer is crucial for samples photodegradation. Mechanical properties are used to examine photodegradation for PP, PET, PLA, and melting point changes could evaluate photodegradation for PP, PET. SEM observation can make qualitative evaluation, and Transform Infrared Spectroscopy might evaluate photodegradation for PP.