The Changes of Heavy Metals Solubility with Time under Different Chelants in Contaminated Soil

Abstract:

Heavy metals contamination of soil is a widespread global problem. Chelants assisted phytoextraction has been proposed to improve the efficiency of phytoextraction. To study the effects of different chelants on the solubility of heavy metals with time, a batch of soil incubation experiment was conducted. EDTA, EDDS, AES and IDSA of 5 mmol·kg^-1 were singly added to the contaminated soil with no chelants addition as control. After 7 days of incubation, the concentrations of water-soluble Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd increased significantly compared to the control. Pb was increased by 158.6, 3.9, 42.2 and 5.3 times respectively, Cu was increased by 45.0, 162.0, 40.0 and 53.6 times respectively, Zn was increased by 6.2, 5.6, 9.4 and 1.5 times respectively, and Cd was increased by 33.5, 3.3, 126.5 and 38.0 times respectively. The results showed that EDDS was more effective for Cu desorption, EDTA was more effective for Pb desorption, and AES was more effective for Zn and Cd desorption, IDSA was more effective for Cd desorption, which was our interesting findings. With the time increasing, the soluble metals with EDTA treatment was increased or not changed, while the water-soluble metals with EDDS, AES and IDSA treatments were decreased significantly. The underlying reason for the results may be the different chemical characteristics of the chelants. EDTA, a persistent chelant, can’t be degraded in the environment, while EDDS, AES and IDSA are biodegradable chelants which were degraded with time increasing and the metals were absorbed to the bulk soil again, resulting in water-soluble metals reduced.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 864-867)
• Pages: 283-288
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.864-867.283
• Online since: December 2013
• Authors: Rui Li, Zhong Qiu Zhao*, Xiao Na Liu
• Keywords: Biodegradable Chelants, Contaminated Soil, Heavy Metal, Non-Biodegradable Chelants, Solubility

References

[1] D.E. Salt, R.D. Smith and I. Raskin: Ann. Rev. Plant Phys Vol. 49 (1998), pp.643-668.

[2] A.G. Khan, C. Kuek, T.M. Chaudhry, C.S. Khoo and W.J. Hayes: Chemosphere Vol. 41 (2000), p.197±207.

[3] C. Garbisu, I. Alkorta: Biores Technol, Vol. 77 (2001), pp.229-236.

[4] S. Tandy, R. Schulin and B. Nowack: Environ. Sci. Technol Vol. 40 (2006a), pp.2753-2758.

[5] S. Tandy, R. Schulin and B. Nowack: Chemosphere Vol. 62 (2006b), pp.1454-1463.

[6] I. Alkorta, J. Hernández-Allica, J.M. Becerril, I. Amezaga, I. Albizu and M. Onaindia: Rev. Environ. Health Vol. 3 (2004), pp.55-70.

DOI: 10.1023/b:resb.0000040057.45006.34

[7] E. Meers, A. Ruttens, M.J. Hopgood, D. Samson and F.M.G. Tack: Chemosphere Vol. 58 (2005), pp.1011-1022.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.047

[8] M.W.H. Evangelou, U. Bauer, M. Ebel and A. Schaeffer: Chemosphere Vol. 68 (2007), pp.345-353.

[9] J.C. Lozano, P. Blanco Rodríguez, F. Vera Tomé and C. Prieto Calvo: Journal of Hazardous Materials Vol. 198 (2011), pp.224-231.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.026

[10] A.D. Vassil, Y. kapulnik, I. Raskin and D.E. Salt: Plant physiol Vol. 117 (1998), pp.447-453.

[11] A.L. Epstein, C.D. Gussman, M.J. Blaylock, U. Yermiyahu, J.W. Huang, Y. Kapulnik and C.S. Orser: Plant Soil Vol. 208 (1999), pp.87-94.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1004539027990

[12] B. Kos, D. Leštan: Plant Soil Vol. 253 (2003), pp.403-411.

[13] C.L. Luo, Z.G. Shen, X.D. Li and A.J.M. Baker: Chemosphere Vol. 63 (2006a), pp.1773-1784.

[14] C. Prieto, J.C. Lozano, P.B. Rodríguez, F.V. Tomé: Journal of Hazardous Materials Vol. 250-251 (2013), pp.439-446.

[15] M.J. Blaylock, D.E. Salt, S. Dushenkov, O. Zakharova and C. Gussman: Environ. Sci. Technol Vol. 31 (1997), pp.860-865.

DOI: 10.1021/es960552a

[16] J.W. Huang, J. Chen and W.R. Berti: Environ. Sci. Technol Vol. 31 (1997), pp.800-805.

[17] E.M. Cooper, J.T. Sims, S.D. Cunningham, J.W. Huang and W.R. Berti: J. Environ. Qual Vol. 28 (1999), pp.1709-1719.

[18] USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency): Introduction to phytoremediation EPA/600/R-99/107 (US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH, USA, 2000).

[19] B. Nowack: Environmental Science and Technology Vol. 36 (2002), pp.4009-4016.

[20] P. Römkens, L. Bouwman, J. Japenga and C. Draaisma: Environmental Pollution Vol. 116 (2002), P. 109-121.

DOI: 10.1016/s0269-7491(01)00150-6

[21] F. Madrid, M.S. Liphadzi and M.B. Kirkham: J. Hydrology Vol. 272 (2003), pp.107-119.

[22] H. Grčman, D. Vodnik, S. Velikonja-Bolta and D. Leštan: J. Environ. Qual Vol. 32 (2003), 500-506.

DOI: 10.2134/jeq2003.5000

[23] C.L. Luo, Z.G. Shen, L.Q. Lou and X.D. Li: Environmental Pollution Vol. 144 (2006b), pp.862-871.

[24] M.F. Quartacci, B. Irtelli, A.J.M. Baker and F. Navari-Izzo: Chemosphere Vol. 68 (2007), p.1920-(1928).

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.02.058

[25] E. Meers, F.M.G. Tack and M.G. Verloo: Chemosphere Vol. 70 (2008), pp.358-363.

[26] J. Jäkärä, R. Aksela: Pulp & Paper International Vol. 48 (2006), pp.28-31.

[27] Z.Q. Zhao, M.Z. Xi, G.Y. Jiang, X.N. Liu, Z.K. Bai and Y.Z. Huang: Journal of Hazardous Materials Vol. 181(2010a), pp.455-459.

[28] Z.Q. Zhao, M.Z. Xi, G.Y. Jiang, Y.Z. Huang and Z.K. Bai: Environmental Chemistry Vol. 29(2010b), pp.407-411 (in Chinease).

[29] R.K. Lu: Analysis Methods for Agricultural Soil Chemistry (Agricultural S&T Press, Beijing, China 2000).

[30] Z.G. Shen, X.D. Li, C.C. Wang, H.M. Chen and H. Chua: Journal of Environmental Quality Vol. 31 (2002), p.1893-(1900).

[31] C.L. Luo, Z.G. Shen and X.D. Li: Chemosphere Vol. 59 (2005), pp.1-11.

[32] R.X. Yang, C.L. Luo, G. Zhang, X.D. Li and Z.G. Shen: Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 24 (2012), p.1985-(1994).

[33] C.L. Luo, Z.G. Shen, A.J.M. Baker and X.D. Li: Plant Soil Vol. 285 (2006c), pp.67-80.

[34] S. Santos, J. Hernández-Allica and M. José: Chemosphere Vol. 65 (2006), pp.43-50.