Advanced Materials Research Vols. 884-885

Abstract: The objective of this research is to investigate the oxidation behavior of typical extra heavy oil from Xinjiang oil field. TGA/DSC data of both oil and oil sands were obtained. The results indicates that both heavy oil and its sands exhibited similar patterns which can be characterized as three distinctive regions: low temperature oxidation, fuel deposition and high temperature oxidation. Further investigation of oil quartz and man-made sand with different amount of montmorillonite show that the existence of sands and clays enhance the exothermic behavior of oxidation reactions in fuel deposition and high temperature oxidation regions.

Abstract: With the improvement of industrial technology level there are more and more special water quality in the waste water, this bring great difficulties to the water treatment, and the water environment has been an unprecedented severe challenges , especially in some industrial cities. This not only endanger the safety of nearby residents drinking water, even threatening the whole ecological environment. There are some people proposed TiO₂ photocatalysis oxidation technology in wastewater treatment may play an important role, so it has been a hot issue in the field of science and technology research.

Abstract: The efficiency of 2 samples of alumina catalyst has been studied experimentally in the course of the Claus 'tail gas' treating processes at the sulphur sub-dew point. The process was carded out in a fixed bed reactor. The sulphur produced in the reaction condenses on the solid surface contributing to its deactivation by fouling. Sulphur incorporation into the solid is governed by internal diffusion of the reactants in microdomains of the porous network, the factors affecting the latter being of capital importance in the occupation degree of the solid. The textural characteristics of the catalysts supports were studied by porosimetric techniques: nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and mercury intrusion. The surface morphology of catalyst and sulfur distribution on catalyst before and after adsorption is determined by SEM-EDX. The results show that, there has some relevance between the surface change and pore volume change. And in the low temperature Claus sulfur recovery catalyst, pore volume should be mor important than the surface area.

Abstract: Novel composite resins with dual absorption properties of water and oil are prepared by the polymerization of high internal phase emulsion (HIPEs) with n-butyl methacrylate as the external phase monomer and acrylamide as the internal phase monomer. The subsequent polymerization leads to the formation of water and oil dual-absorption composite resins. The morphology of porous structure and microcosmic phase separation after water/oil uptake is observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The water and oil absorbency strongly depend on composition. The composites with saturated water uptake could absorb the chloroform again but cant absorb water if saturated with chloroform first. And the resins exhibit great reusability, keeping almost constant absorbency. The present methodology could be a potential approach to obtain amphiphilic composites, which possess potential applications in the bioengineering, medical and industrial fields.

Abstract: The adsorption studies of 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy nitrobenzene (CDNB) from aqueous solution on pyrolytic char activated by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate from pine sawdust have been performed. Several experimental parameters like initial pH, NaCl concentration, contact time solution temperature were evaluated. Solution pH within 2-7 is favor of adsorption and it is advantage of adsorption at higher temperature. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models were used to fit the experimental data and Temkin model was better. The adsorption capacity was up to 33.8 mg·g¹ at 323 K. The process is spontaneous and endothermic and physical action is major mechanism.

Abstract: Pyrolytic-char, a by-product from the slow pyrolysis of pine sawdust, was characterized by FTIR, SEM and XRD, etc. Then it was used as an adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye, neutral red (NR) from solution in batch mode. Adsorption studies were performed at different pH, salt concentration, contact time and dye concentration in the batch mode. Solution pH 6 is favor of adsorption and it is disadvantage of adsorption with common salt existed. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to fit the experimental data and Freundlich was better. The adsorption quantity from experiment was up to 272 mg g¹ at 293 K. PR can effectively adsorb cationic dye from solution.

Abstract: In view of the importance in the national industry of PVC,the subject of the PVC polymerization stirred tank uses finite element analysis software (ANSYS) of the thermodynamic analysis,mainly for the temperature field analysis.By observing the displacement vector image and temperature,the heat transfer capacity is enough, and the heat transfer component selection is reasonable.

Abstract: The influence of different cluster model structures to adsorption of benzene have been investigated by three H-ZSM-5 zeolite cluster models of different structures. The size of three cluster models are 15T, 33T and 36T. The ONIOM adsorption energies of benzene on the three H-ZSM-5 zeolite are-8.48 kcal/mol, -26 kcal/mol and-20.15 kcal/mol, respectively. The results derived in this study show that, zeolite cluster model is more bigger, the adsorption energies of benzene can be greater. These are because the small cluster model ignores the van der Waals interaction framework structure of zeolite. The difference between 33T and 36T cluster model calculations indicate that different quantum clusters of the same size can infulence the simulation results in some degree. In order to reflect the van der Waals interaction of zeolite micropore structure, the zeolite cluter model should include the cage structures like 33T model on simulation process of adsorption.

Abstract: Cellulose-insoluble silicate (talcum powder) hybrid fibers with 10%, 20%, 30% silica contents were prepared by wet spinning. The flammabilities and combustion processes were evaluated by the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimetry. The LOI results suggested that the hybrid fibers were flame retandant with the LOI value of 22, 25 and 27, as compared to 20 of pure cellulose fibers. Cone calorimetry showed that the rate of heat release value and total heat release value of hybrid fibers decreased. Hybrid fibers with 20% SiO₂ loading is the best flame retardant sample. SEM studies of residues after cone calorimetry indicated that the hybrid fibers produced tight and hard residue crusts.

Abstract: The physical structure of coating layer have an important influence on transferring and setting of the printing ink. In this study, the effect of pigment on surface microstructure and surface free energy was investigated. The findings indicated that the pigment affected the pore size, depth and distribution of the coated paper surface. Kaolin pigment compared with calcium carbonate pigment was good to improve the paper surface smoothness. Surface free energy of kaolin pigment coating was higher than calcium carbonate pigment coating, which showed that surface wettability of coating with kaolin pigment was better than calcium carbonate pigment.