Advanced Materials Research Vol. 893

Abstract: Ni/NiO/C composite nanofiber with 60 nm in diameter was prepared by electrospinning and subsequent carbonization. The composition and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties were preliminarily evaluated. It is found that both NaOH concentration and the addition of NiCl₂ are key factors for the morphology of composite nanofibers. An electrochemical study reveals that the obtained Ni/NiO/C composite nanofiber exhibits excellent rate capability which makes it promising anode material for Li ion batteries. In addition, our simple and inexpensive stragegy can be further extended to create various functional hybrid nanomaterials.

Abstract: At present, more novel smart nanomaterials offering special responses towards some environmental stimuli have been used in the design and construction of rheumatism drug delivery systems to achieve a targeted drug release, thereby improving rheumatism drug efficacy and decreasing adverse rheumatism drug reaction. The current development of the application of pH, photo, thermo, enzyme and redox-responsive smart nanomaterials in rheumatism drug delivery systems was classifiedly reviewed.

Abstract: According to the principle of accurate imaging systems, the accurate nanomeasurement equipment is designed. On the basis of establishing the model of breast cancers to be processed, the nanomeasurement equipment is assembled in a virtual manner by using the application software Pro/ Engineer provided by three-dimensional CAD. The virtual image of the components of accurate video equipment is implemented either from top to bottom or reversely, providing a basis for simulation and development of this equipment.

Abstract: A novel free surface electrospining via a stepped pyramid-shaped spinneret was used to prepare composite nanofibers containing microparticles. We investigate the spinnability of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution containing graphite powder microparticles. The influence of microparticle on fiber diameter has been studied. This method can be used to produce composite nanofibers containing microparticles structures by electrospinning in mass scale.

Abstract: Within the frame of two-phase superparamagnetic nanoparticles the effect of magnetic and geometric properties of superparamagnetic nanoparicles on the time of their magnetic relaxation has been defined. With increasing of volume the time of relaxation grows rapidly. Metastability conditions of magnetic states have been developed. Growth of exchange constant magnitude of interphase interaction results in increasing of relaxation time regardless of exchange constant sign.

Abstract: An adequate composition of induced anisotropy with crystallographic and form anisotropy was held. A criterion of magnetic uniaxiality of a cubic crystal was set. Critical fields of nanoparticles magnetization reversal were calculated. The study showed that critical fields may vary in non-monotone way depending on a volume of induced anisotropy.

Abstract: By using the orthogonal method to evaluate the optimum experiment parameters for preparing mesoporous Al₂O₃-TiO₂ supports which can be used for resid hydrotreating catalyst by its large pore volume, the two-step nanoscale self-assembly technique was successfully adopted. The experimental conditions were obtained, such as: the amount of surfactant; the ratio of raw materials, the amount of precipitation reagent and the reaction time. TEM was employed to characterize the A1₂O₃-TiO₂ complex supports. The test results revealed that the specific surface area of Al₂O₃-TiO₂ complex supports reached to the largest under the optimized experimental condition. The TEM result also showed that TiO₂ was homogeneously distributed in the complex support. The pore distribution of the complex support obtained was stable, which promises the best candidate for the support to resid hydrotreating catalyst.

Abstract: Chitosan/CNT nanocomposites were prepared by blending chitosan with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and forming composite beads. The composites were used as Ag⁺ adsorbents. Adsorption equilibrium experiments were carried out as a function of contact time, CNTs concentration, pH value, and adsorbent dosage level. The equilibrium time of Ag⁺ adsorption was found to be 160 min. Composite adsorbent had the highest adsorption efficiency when the weight of CNTs was 0.01 wt%. The maximum Ag⁺ removal took place at the initial pH value of 3. The optimum adsorbent dosage for Ag⁺ removal was 5 g. Under above optimal conditions the maximum Ag⁺ removal was 99.7%. The adsorption isotherm of chitosan/CNT nanocomposite bead agreed well with the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity was 0.393 mg/g.

Abstract: This paper adopts a multi-component composite addition mode of adding polar and apolar additives with complementary advantages to manufacture a space for metastable pHase,and enhance the coordination ability of the surface of the environmental media ,in order to overcome the present method that whiskers nano-alumina were prepared under acidic conditions and the sheets were prepared under alkaline conditions. In addition, based on isomorpHous replacement of polar iron ions and intercalation of sulfate ions, this paper fully exerts the restoration function of crystal morpHology on apolar surfactant to establish an environment pHase system for crystallizing the required target product. This paper proves the existence of the added elements by energy spectrum and indirectly verifies the surface restoration function of the apolar granules by structural lattice.

Abstract: Reflection losses of light at the silicon surface cause a reduction in conversion efficiency of silicon solar cell. There is anisotropic etching silicon to form a textured structure on the silicon surface by a simple wet process as a method of reducing the reflectivity. Further, miniaturization of the textured structure to the nanosize will improve the conversion efficiency by reducing the reflectivity. In this study, we formed texture structure of 1 μm size by applying the particles on a silicon surface as an etching mask.