Lifecycle Oriented Assessment of Resource Efficiency in the Commercial Vehicle Industry

Abstract:

Resource efficiency in the commercial vehicle industry is highly dependent on the application profile of the vehicle. In order to assess the resource efficiency of commercial vehicles, the production, the usage and the product itself have to be taken into account. Therefore, a lifecycle oriented approach is necessary. This paper presents a lifecycle oriented assessment methodology for resource efficiency, including the three pillars production, usage, and product. First, resources consumed along the lifecycle of a commercial vehicle are identified and classified. In the second step, we show how to gather interdependencies between the pillars production, usage, and product as well as interdependencies within the pillars. The third step provides a decision model to evaluate suitable measures for increasing resource efficiency. The methodology is illustrated by an example from the commercial vehicle industry.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 907)
• Pages: 475-487
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.907.475
• Online since: April 2014
• Authors: René C. Malak, Monique Adam, Sebastian Waltemode, Jan C. Aurich
• Keywords: Assessment, Commercial Vehicles, Product Life Cycle, Resource Efficiency

References

[1] Schuh G, Stoelzle W, Straube F (editor) (2008) Anlaufmanagement in der Automobilindustrie erfolgreich umsetzen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-78407-4

[2] Schuh G, Kampker A (editor) (2011) Strategie und Management produzierender Unternehmen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

[3] DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. (2005) ISO 9000: Quality management systems - Fundamentals and Vocabulary. trilingual version. Beuth, Berlin.

[4] Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie (2006) BMWI Energierohstoffbericht. http: /www. bmwi. de/BMWi/Redaktion/PDF/E/energierohstoffbericht, property=pdf, bereich=bmwi, sprache=de, rwb=true. pdf. Accessed 20 March (2012).

DOI: 10.1515/9783110505405-004

[5] Ashby M, Jones D (2006) Engineering Materials 1 - An introduction to properties, applications and designs. Elsevier Ltd.

[6] United States Geological Survey (USGS) (2012) Iron Ore - Statistics and Information. http: /minerals. usgs. gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/iron_ore/mcs-2012-feore. pdf. Accessed 09 March (2012).

[7] Bundesagentur für Geowissenschaft und Rohstoffe (2006).

[8] United States Geological Survey (USGS) (2012) Commodity - Statistics and Information. Statistics and information on the worldwide supply of, demand for, and flow of minerals and material. Accessed 09 March (2012).

[9] European Union (2007).

[10] European Union (2004).

[11] European Union (2006) Directive 2006/26/EC on energy end-use efficiency and energy services. Official Journal of the European Union. http: /ec. europa. eu/. Accessed 20 March (2012).

[12] European Union (2009) Directive 2009/125/EC on establishing a framework for the setting of eco design requirements for energy-related products. http: /ec. europa. eu/. Accessed 20 March (2012).

[13] International Organization for Standardization (2011) ISO/CD 14955: Machine tools - Environmental evaluation of machine tools - Part 1: Design methodology for energy-efficient machine tools. Geneva.

DOI: 10.3403/30333287

[14] California Air Resources Board (CARB) (2012) The California Low-Emission Vehicle Regulations. http: /www. arb. ca. gov/msprog/levprog/cleandoc/cleancomplete_lev-ghg_regs_12-10. pdf, Accessed 16 March (2012).

[15] Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2012) Emission Standards Reference Guide. http: /www. epa. gov/otaq/standards/allstandards. htm, Accessed 16 March (2012).

[16] Unmueßig B, Cramer S (2008) Climate Change in Africa. GIGA Focus. German Institute of Global Area Studies (Publ. ). www. giga-hamburg. de/giga-focus. Accessed 09 March (2012).

DOI: 10.1163/1872-9037_afco_asc_1224

[17] Harmeling S (2012) Global Climate Risk Index 2012. Briefing Paper. http: /www. germanwatch. org/klima/cri. pdf. Accessed 12 March (2012).

[18] Saikawa E, et. al. (2011) The impact of China's vehicle emissions on regional air quality in 2000 and 2020: a scenario analysis. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 11/18: 9465-9484.

DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-9465-2011

[19] Kuhrke B, Erdle F (2010) Energieeffizienz als Investitionsentscheidung. Werkstatt und Betrieb 01-02: 30-33.

[20] de Chiffre L, Tosello G, Píska M, Müller (2009) Investigation of the reaming process using minimal quantity lubrication. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology. doi: 10. 1016/j. cirpj. 2009. 08. 004.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2009.08.004

[21] Milberg J, Sigl M (2008) Electron sintering of metal power. Production Engineering. Springer, Berlin, 2: 117-122.

[22] Devoldere T, Dewulf W, Deprez W et al (2007).

[23] Neugebauer R, Wabner M, Rentzsch, Ihlenfeld S (2001) Structure princibles of energy efficient machine tools. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology. doi: 10. 1016/j. cirpj. 2011. 06. 017.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2011.06.017

[24] Brecher C, Boos W, Klein W et al (2009) Ressourceneffizienzbewertung einer Werkzeugmaschine zur Steigerung ihrer Wirtschaftlichkeit. ZWF 104/9: 711-715.

DOI: 10.3139/104.110151

[25] Rebhan E (2002) Energiehandbuch – Gewinnung, Wandlung und Nutzung von Energie. Springer, Berlin.

[26] Blank S, Kormann G, Berns K (2011) A Modular Sensor Fusion Approach for Agricultural Machines. Proceedings of the XXXVI CIOSTA & CIGR Section V Conference. Vienna, Austria.

[27] Wiedemann J (2006) Leichtbau – Elemente und Konstruktion. Springer, Berlin.

[28] Dogan E, Steg L, Delhomme P (2011) The influence of multiple goals on driving behavior: The case of safety, time saving, and fuel saving. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 43/5: 1635–1643.

DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.03.002

[29] Schmidt M (2011) Energie- und Stoffstromanalyse. RKW Rationalisierungs- und Innovationszentrum der Deutschen Wirtschaft e.V. Kompetenzzentrum, Faktenblatt: 1/(2011).

[30] DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. (2006) DIN EN ISO 14040: Environmental Management – life cycle assessment – Principles and framework. trilingual version. Beuth, Berlin.

[31] VDI Verein Deutscher Ingenieure e.V. (2012) VDI-Richtlinie 4600: Cumulative energy demand (KEA) - Terms, definitions, methods of calculation. Issue German/English. Beuth, Berlin.

[32] Erlach K, Westkämper E (editor) (2009) Energiewertstrom – Der Weg zur effizienten Fabrik. Fraunhofer Verlag, Stuttgart.