Advanced Materials Research Vols. 926-930

Abstract: Taking into account the formation of thermal NO, the local balance method and Extended Zeldovich model were used in the paper to simulate the combustion and emission of a marine diesel engine with the AVL FIRE software and to verify the model. The effects of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) ratios of 0%, 10%and 20% on combustion and emission of a diesel engine were discussed. The purpose of the paper provided a theoretical basis for the marine diesel engine upgrade of Chinese small and medium sized vessels, especially fishing vessel engine. The results show that with the increasing of EGR ratio,the cylinder pressure and combustion temperatures decreases and the peak of soot also shown a downward trend and more gentle, under the same load conditions.

Abstract: Biodiesel is a clean, renewable energy, non-burning emissions of sulfur dioxide, other harmful gases than conventional diesel fuel by 70 percent. This article outlines the concept of biofuels and main characteristics, focusing on the ship can be used as an alternative fuel biodiesel, analyzes the development prospects of bio-diesel.

Abstract: Internal resistance of battery can really reflect its own characteristics, which including health status of the battery, inconsistency, state of charge, thermal runaway. Method to calculate the internal resistance of the battery using HPPC (Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization) test which proposed by the FreedomCAR is introduced. Ohmic resistance, polarization resistance, discharge resistance and regen resistance are calculated based on MATLAB programming using HPPC test. The differences between the four kinds of internal resistance of lithium ion batteries are compared. Characteristics of the four kinds of internal resistance in charged-state and discharged-state are analyzed.

Abstract: Wind power is also known as junk. This is because wind power fluctuations affect the security and stability operation. Wind power wind turbines created is mainly concerned with the speed of wind. Because of the wind direction uncertain, intermittent, and wake effects between each unit wind farm, wind turbines cannot make that kind of power according to the demand for energy as conventional generators. Due to the lack of experimental data, assess the volatility of wind power is still a lack of effective methods. This article studies the sample in a northeast wind farm power, and based on a sliding differential algorithm, distribution fitting and quantitative calculations describe the characteristics of wind power fluctuations. This article studies the sample in a northeast wind farm power, and based on a sliding difference algorithm, through the analysis showed that wind power fluctuations obey t location scale distribution. And it is affected by factors such as spatial and temporal distribution, there is a big difference between the output power fluctuation characteristics of wind farm output power and single wind turbine. This is due to the wind turbine suffered varying differences, and wake effects between field units, making the distribution of frequent power fluctuations; relative to a single unit, the fluctuation of the whole wind farm is more gentle, that is to say with the spatial distribution increased scale, wind power fluctuations presents certain "gentle effect."

Abstract: Through the data query method, we analyses the solar energy resources survey of the Panzhihua city, summarizes the thermal resources and the backward situation; Taking a small solar energy theme park as an example, we elaborated the use range and feasibility of the solar energy resources in the theme park. The results show that solar energy resources can not only protect the city environment but also promote the tourism development of Panzhihua city and the development of other related industries.

Abstract: In order to estimate the battery state of charge (SOC) accurately, an improved Thevenin model of a battery is established, its mathematical relation is very simple, and also it is easy to realize. In addition, we identify the model parameters, and then use extended Calman filter algorithm to estimate the battery state of charge. The simulation results show that, this model can well reflect the dynamic and static characteristics of a battery, and the Calman algorithm can keep good accuracy in the estimation process.

Abstract: Nanostructured manganese oxide films were obtained by electro-oxidation of manganese films electrodeposited at two typical cathodic currents of 65 mA cm^-2 (EDM-65 oxide) and 150 mA cm^-2 (EDM-150 oxide) from sulfate solutions with additives. Obtained Mn oxide films were studied by scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance. SEM study revealed that the Mn oxide films were mesoporous nanostructures on the EDM-150 oxide surface, while the EDM-65 oxide coating is homogeneous and compact. XPS results indicate that EDM-150 oxide had a higher content of anhydrous Mn oxide and structure water, which means that it had more anhydrous characteristics as compared to EDM-65 oxide. It was shown that porous nanostructured films showed good capacitive behavior for applications in electrochemical supercapacitors. The porous nanostructured films prepared at 150 mA cm^-2 showed higher specific capacitance (SC) compared to the SC of the EDM-65 oxide films. The highest SC of 148 F g^-1 in a voltage window of 0.8 V was obtained in 0.1 M Na₂SO₄ solutions at a scan rate of 25 mV s^-1.

Abstract: Transition metal oxaides especially manganese monoxide (MnO) are being intensively studied as candidate anode materials for next generation lithium ion batteries in high efficiency energy storage applications. In this paper, MnO/CNTs composite is prepared by hydrothermal reaction and subsequent annealing process. The results of XRD and SEM showed that MnO/CNTs composite is rod-like with good crystallinity, and its diameter is about 300 nm. It could deliver a reversible charge capacity of 689.6 mA h g^-1 at the current density of 14.4 mA g^-1, and the specific discharge capacity is 500.5 mA h g^-1 after 185 cycles. All the above makes MnO a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries with high capacity, long life time, low cost and environmental benignity.

Abstract: With the worsening energy and environment problem, renewable energy resources, especially wind electricity, have been experiencing an accelerating development. And as the electricity to access grid for wind power gradually increases, people pay more attention to the likely impact of the randomness of wind power. Fluctuation is the inherent characteristic for wind electricity power, yet there is a lack of effective method to quantitatively describe the power fluctuation of wind electricity. This paper find that t location-scale can be applied to describe the probability distribution of the power fluctuation for wind electricity, and the temporal and spatial distribution of wind electricity power fluctuation has a certain trend, i.e. The larger the gather scale of the wind generators is, the more smooth the fluctuation tends to be.

Abstract: Main electrical wiring is a circuit diagram which is used to meet the production needs of the power transmission and distribution and in accordance with a certain manner and order and use provisions of graphic symbols and text code to connect once equipment (generator transformer switching equipment,etc.) together. It reflects the basic structure and function of traction substations and substation (power generation). In operation, it shows the primary operating mode of substation (power generation) and high voltage grid connection and associated feeder devices and become the basis of controlling and scheduling apparatus. This paper analyzes single-bus connection from the reliability, flexibility and economy point of view, then outlined the typical single-bus wiring switching operation principles and methods.